Trade shocks,product mix adjustment and productivity growth in Italian manufacturing

In this paper, we use firm-level data on the universe of Italian manufacturing multi-product exporters to test whether demand shocks in export markets lead multi-product exporters to increase their productivity. The main mechanism behind the documented productivity gains is the reallocation of resources across products within firms (American Economic Review, 104, 2014 and 495; National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series No. 22433, 2016). Intuitively, the increased demand stemming from foreign markets will induce firms to adjust their product mix by moving inputs from low to high productive/profitable uses. We find that these productivity gains are significant and can explain between 1/10 and 1/2 of aggregate productivity growth in the manufacturing sector.     

VMI在电子制造业原料库存管理中的应用

根据电子设备制造商在原材料库存管理方面的特点和所面临的挑战,提出将VMI(Vendor Managed Inventory)模式运用到原材料库存管理中的具体方法。介绍了VMI的定义和基本体系,并详细阐述了VMI在电子设备制造商原材料库存管理中应用的具体步骤以及VMI的实施价值。分析了VMI在应用中可能遇到的风险以及得到最终结论。     

常州装备制造业与生产性服务业动态匹配优化路径研究

装备制造业与生产性服务业动态匹配是二者之间密切互动的表现,也是二者协同发展互动升级的重要手段。通过对常州装备制造业与生产性服务业发展现状、动态匹配中存在的问题进行梳理和分析,进而从装备制造业与生产性服务业发展的中间组织的培育与促进、市场环境营造、匹配程度提升两个维度,九个方面,对两者动态匹配路径进行设计。     

An intelligent service matching method for mechanical equipment condition monitoring using the fibre Bragg grating sensor network

Due to the advantages of being able to function under harsh environmental conditions and serving as a distributed condition information source in a networked monitoring system, the fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensor network has attracted considerable attention for equipment online condition monitoring. To provide an overall conditional view of the mechanical equipment operation, a networked service-oriented condition monitoring framework based on FBG sensing is proposed, together with an intelligent matching method for supporting monitoring service management. In the novel framework, three classes of progressive service matching approaches, including service-chain knowledge database service matching, multi-objective constrained service matching and workflow-driven human-interactive service matching, are developed and integrated with an enhanced particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm as well as a workflow-driven mechanism. Moreover, the manufacturing domain ontology, FBG sensor network structure and monitoring object are considered to facilitate the automatic matching of condition monitoring services to overcome the limitations of traditional service processing methods. The experimental results demonstrate that FBG monitoring services can be selected intelligently, and the developed condition monitoring system can be re-built rapidly as new equipment joins the framework. The effectiveness of the service matching method is also verified by implementing a prototype system together with its performance analysis.     

“互联网+”与消费品制造企业转型——基于架构创新的视角

通过研究架构理论,分析了消费品制造企业在"互联网+"背景下的架构创新。提出变换外围要素、核心要素相同的二阶中性置换可以形成两种不同的消费品制造企业架构创新模式。经过改进的双层技术接受模型检验,两种模式的结果殊途同归,预测两种模式结合的双层架构创新模式会成为未来新型消费品制造企业架构创新的主流。     

Mobilizing consent: paternalism and cellular manufacturing

In this paper we explore the dynamics of the introduction of New Systems and Structures of Work Organization (NSSWO) in the context of the forces impacting upon organizational change in the unionized sector of manufacturing industry throughout the Thatcher period. This we do by way of a detailed case study of a major UK auto-components manufacturer. We explore a number of changes in work organization, including the introduction of a cellular-based system of manufacturing, from its initial strategic conception through to its implementation; the delegation of responsibility for quality to shop-floor operators and the use of more flexible working practices. In doing so, we reconsider the context of change, the detailed processes of change and the pattern of accommodation between labour and management. Drawing upon our previous work on the nature of paternalism (Ackers,and Black, 1991), we explore its significance in terms of management’s constant drive for more economic work practices and patterns of organization. Specifically we explore the significance of paternalism as a relevant concept in interpreting the case, and hence, also, as a relevant concept in understanding HRM. The case challenges the prevailing ideology that the ‘successful’

economic organization requires (a) a de-regulated labour market and (b)

a trade union free environment, or, failing this, that management needs to

develop an individualistic approach towards the work-force, moving from the

more pluralist‘industrial relations’approach towards an essentially ‘unitarist framework, as found in certain interpretations of ‘uman resource management’(Guest, 1987)

The paper is thus a contribution to the continuing analysis of those ‘tensions and struggles through which the open ended potential of labour power have been managed, through shifting patterns of coercion, accommodation and compliance into profitable forms of production’(Elger and Smith, 1994: 12; Thompson, 1990). By means of this case we attempt to explore this issue with respect to three interconnected

themes:

The place of paternalism as a relevant concept in the age of HRM.

The extent to which organizations may be better advised to look towards ways

to build upon their existing organization culture, rather than seeking solutions

from overseas models.

Linking with previous work on the ‘Joint Process’in the US (Black and Ackers, 1994), the paper raises issues concerning the ‘strategic issue . . . which managers have to face . . . the balance between joint regulation and joint consultation’(Storey and Sissons, 1993: 221), and hence the role of trades unions in organizational change programmes.     

富士快拍相机的逆向制造系统设计和产品恢复管理战略

从定性的角度对富士企业快拍相机产品恢复管理闭环供应链的战略设计和实施进行了详细分析,比较了该企业一次性相机逆向制造系统的产品恢复管理与现有产品恢复管理模型,进而为运用于其它不同的行业供应链如食品、服务及其它快速消费品,建立更简化的产品恢复管理模型奠定了基础。     

基于制造业价值链的区域绿色制造水平评价——以宁波市为例

以涵盖制造业价值链的各主要环节,融合产品全生命周期的各个阶段为出发点,构建了包括产品设计生态化水平、生产过程清洁化水平、能源利用高效化水平、回收再生资源化水平和产业耦合一体化水平五个维度的绿色制造评价模型。以宁波市为例,运用层次分析法和倒数方法对2014—2018年宁波市绿色制造水平进行测度。结果显示,宁波市绿色制造水平整体快速增长,五个维度指标对近年来宁波市绿色制造水平的提升均发挥了积极的推动作用。其中生产过程清洁化水平发展最为迅速,但近年有放缓迹象,回收再生资源化水平对宁波市绿色制造水平贡献较低。针对制造业价值链不同周期对应指标的量化计算结果,提出大力发展绿色工艺创新、优化宁波产业结构、完善资源回收再生体系等措施,以进一步推动宁波绿色制造水平提升。     

中小制造企业采购管理模式研究

文章对中小制造企业的内涵进行了界定,从重销售、轻采购、忽视"双赢"等方面分析了中小制造企业采购管理现状及存在的问题;并从构建采购管理组织机构、采购管理信息系统和采购管理模式的保障机制三方面提出了中小制造企业采购管理模式的构建——集中采购管理模式。