多哈回合受挫后的农产品国际贸易发展前景研判

多哈回合针对农业的十个重大议题进行谈判,并且在有些问题上达成了很好的共识,但在市场准入、出口竞争、国内支持以及农产品特殊保障机制等问题上存在较大差异而未能最终达成协议。多哈回合谈判受挫后,农产品贸易领域中的贸易保护将进一步抬头。农产品贸易的特殊保障机制的运用及其约束在本国将更加简单,而对其他国家的运用则较为苛刻。发展中国家的农业贸易条件将会进一步趋向恶化。     

从发展权视角下看多哈回合“棉花议题”

棉花问题作为WTO多哈回合谈判的关键议题之一,从其提出之初就充斥着大量的争议,目前国际社会对其能否在短时间内达成突破性进展感到强烈的疑虑。然而从发展权角度看该议题,将其与人权相联系似乎会给我们提供另外一种解决的思路。参照WTO平衡TRIPS与公共健康矛盾的模式,借助于争端解决机制,在目前多哈谈判濒临崩溃的境况下,它不失为一种相对合理的方式。     

双轮铣槽机对地层的适应性

随着双轮铣槽机在国内深基础地下连续墙工程中应用规模的扩大,在各种地层下成槽效率的差异日益明显,本文针对BC36液压双轮铣槽机在广州某地铁车站的施工情况,就双轮铣槽机在泥岩和泥质粉砂岩地层中的成槽效率做出阐述和分析,对于国内同类工程施工具有一定的参考价值。     

自然人流动谈判的进程及影响因素分析

2000年WTO新一轮服务贸易谈判开启,自然人流动谈判是该轮谈判的焦点之一。自然人流动谈判历经提交提案、双边要价-出价、复边谈判、服务信号会议,尚未最终完结。WTO自然人流动谈判受到诸多因素的影响。自然人流动的更快速发展、发展中国家的更积极推动、利益相关者的更多关注对谈判起着有力的促进作用。而多哈回合一揽子承诺的谈判原则、自然人流动壁垒繁多复杂、发达国家与发展中国家间的利益冲突与观点分歧较大地阻碍了自然人流动谈判的进程。这些因素决定了自然人流动谈判成为WTO谈判的焦点,但其过程必定是曲折而缓慢的。     

GDX1包装机商标纸输送与折叠设备改进

随着市场的不断发展,硬化软包已成为高档软包卷烟生产的一种趋势。然而,目前的GDX1软包包装机组却无法满足软包硬化的生产要求。通过对GDX1小包机的改造,使设备更好适应"硬化"的商标纸,从而解决软包烟支容易变形、压扁、压弯等问题,提升包装档次。     

多哈回合农业市场准入谈判对中国的影响与对策

多哈回合农业市场准入谈判的最新进展集中体现在2008年12月的模式草案中。根据关税削减公式进行的关税削减将对国际农产品市场产生重要影响,而关于灵活性的规定也为成员方的农产品市场提供了保护。中国应在谈判过程中,积极参与农业市场准入谈判进程,充分运用灵活性条款以减轻国内市场面临的负面影响,并调整农业生产结构以应对未来的挑战。     

火山岩气藏全过程欠平衡钻井技术

针对石炭系火山岩气藏在勘探开发过程中遇到的钻井难题,结合2007～2008年新疆油田欠平衡钻井取得的成果,提出在石炭系火山岩地层采用全过程欠平衡钻井技术,能有效利用全过程欠平衡钻井技术优势解决石炭系火山岩气藏地层采用常规钻井技术出现的井漏、储层保护难度大、机械钻速低、井控风险大等开发难题,并针对石炭系火山岩地质特征提出相应全过程欠平衡钻井技术措施。     

Effects of relay rounds on idea generation of 3-person-subgroup： An experimental study

We suggested a new factor in group idea generation studies, relay rounds. A relay in idea generation groups was defined as a process in which the next group generates ideas on the basis of previous groups＇ work. We investigated 55 3-person-groups as subjects and discussed how the quantity of the nominal and unique ideas, the change of the quality of the ideas and satisfaction of the members in these groups were influenced as relay rounds gradually raised from 1 to 11. Then, we tried to find how many relay rounds would allow the best performance. We found that as the number of rely rounds increased, the quantity of a single group＇s nominal and unique ideas reduced accordingly. However, the overall quantity of nominal and unique ideas and the quality of unique ideas increased while the satisfaction degree of group members didn＇t change significantly. Results showed that under the situation of this study, a seven-round relay was the best.     

从人本主义经济学对经济人理论的批判看人的全面发展

经济人理论是西方主流经济学理论大厦的基石，但却被主流学派加以无限的泛化甚至曲解，以致距离现实世界越来越远。人本主义经济学批判了经济人理论对人的自利性的张扬，对人文关怀的缺乏，对实际经济现象解释的乏力，在注重人的精神因素的基础上提出了人的全面发展观，这是符合现实世界中人与社会全面、和谐发展的科学发展观的。     

Turnout and Closeness: Evidence from 60 Years of Bavarian Mayoral Elections

One prediction of the calculus of voting is that electoral closeness positively affects turnout via a higher probability of one vote being decisive. I test this theory with data on all mayoral elections in the German state of Bavaria between 1946 and 2009. Importantly, I use constitutionally prescribed two‐round elections to measure electoral closeness and thereby improve on existing work that mostly uses ex post measures that are prone to endogeneity. The results suggest that electoral closeness matters: a one standard deviation increase in closeness increases turnout by 1.27 percentage points, which corresponds to 1/7 of a standard deviation in this variable. I also evaluate how other factors such as electorate size or rain on election day affect turnout differentially depending on the closeness of the race. While rain decreases turnout on average, this effect is mitigated in close elections, as indicated by a positive interaction effect of the two variables.