Economic Integration: Systemic Measures in an Input–Output Framework

Countries are linked through trade and for their mutual benefits they often group together. Consequently, trade blocs are formed in some form or another, examples of which are the EU, EFTA, ASEAN, NAFTA, and SAARC. Depending upon the form and the nature of the grouping, trade relations among countries obviously vary across the trade blocs. The pattern and the volume of trade of the participating countries are different and thus cause different impacts on the growth and development of the countries concerned. Also, the nature of integration changes over time. To examine the strength of integration within trade blocs, systemic measures of integration hitherto not available are formulated in an input–output framework. The measures are used, as a case study, to assess the inter-temporal variations in the degree of integration of SAARC.     

失地农民低保制度建设的分析探讨

伴随着城市化的步伐,承包给农民的部分农村集体土地被征用,不少失地农民因此成为"种田无地,上班无岗,低保无份"的"三无"人员。目前全国各地针对失地农民中的贫困者的制度设计和救助水平不同,由此也对低保制度构成挑战,这其中有制度性原因,也有地方规划等政策导向因素。总体来说,将贫困失地农民纳入城市低保制度体系是社会发展的趋势,需要从调整土地安置政策、加强全面的社会救助制度、加强社会管理等方面来解决贫困失地农民的生存和发展问题。     

Security design,market risk and round quotes in the treasury bond market

Prior literature finds that the tendency of price-endings to cluster on rounder fractions increases with price volatility. We estimate the separate influences and relative importance of the determinants of price volatility, security design and market risks. Our data is from a market setting that is ideal for isolating and studying the relations of interest. Results for both quote and trade prices indicate that the tendency to use round price-endings increases with both a security’s inherent risk, attributable to security design, and variation over time in market risks. Security design influences clustering more than market risks, but market risks are influential in determining clustering once security design is fixed. The estimated effects are strongest in the on-the-run market segment where liquidity facilitates the aggregation of information into price.     

基于COSO框架的企业财务内控制度分析

COSO报告被认为是内部控制理论研究方面的重大突破与巨大成就。该报告提出的内控框架目前在国际上受到广泛认同,并对我国企业内部财务控制建设具有重要的借鉴意义。在建立现代财务内部控制体系时,不仅应当扩大责任主体、延伸控制环节,并着眼内部治理结构,还应当把握货币资金管理、成本与费用管理、授权与审批等关键控制点,最终提高财务信息质量,提升企业管理水平,保护利益相关者利益。     

论E企业的协同电子商务模式

协同阶段是电子商务的高级阶段,一个E企业要实现协同商务,需要根据市场、顾客需求和信息技术发展,建立起它的战略概念模式,根据它的概念模式建立它的商务模式,根据它的商务模式建立它的电子流程模式,然后用协同电子商务平台来实现,并建立其应用架构。     

试论电子支付的立法完善

电子商务的一个重要问题是确保网络交易支付的安全性、有效性。保障电子支付活动的安全既是一个技术问题,更是一个法律问题。当前我国电子支付的立法严重滞后于金融电子化的步伐,研究和参照国际相关立法,完善我国该领域的法律规定已迫在眉睫。鉴于此,文中对此进行了探讨。     

社会保障税的税制思考

开征社会保障税势在必行。作为筹集社会保险资金的主要途径,社会保障税具有强制性和固定性,在社会、经济发展过程中起着特殊的作用。社会保障税的设计要充分考虑劳动者和政府的利益。结合一些国际经验和我国的实际情况,对符合我国国情的社会保障税制基本框架作一些研究和探索。     

现代物流产业安全理论研究

创造性地界定了物流产业安全的概念,并针对物流产业属复合型生产性服务业的特点,阐述了现代物流产业安全的特殊性,并依据产业经济学的理论框架对现代物流产业安全的诸多影响因素进行了分类和分析,给出了物流产业安全理论模型和物流产业安全评价模型。     

Guerrilla‐style Defensive Architecture in Detroit: A Self‐provisioned Security Strategy in a Neoliberal Space of Disinvestment

Self‐provisioning has long been an important component of urban political economic processes. However, it has recently become a central feature of grassroots urban governance strategies as well. In tumultuous cities of the twenty‐first century, with governments either unwilling or unable to effectively enforce zoning laws, police neighborhoods or manage infrastructure, some householders have begun performing these services instead. This article examines one subset of self‐provisioning practices that has emerged in southwest Detroit where residents have taken steps to secure abandoned housing as a means of exerting social control over their living environment. These actions embody many contradictions and ethical dilemmas, and the intimate scale of action has left the structural production of disinvestment in places like Detroit largely unchecked. Nevertheless, these guerilla‐style spatial interventions have emerged as critically important response strategies helping residents reduce their vulnerability and stabilize their blocks even as other nearby areas continue to experience decline.