Online piracy in the context of routine activities and subjective norms

Why do mainstream consumers who would not typically engage in illegal behaviour routinely resort to online piracy of copyrighted software? This paper provides answers to this research query by applying routine activity theory and the theory of reasoned action. The paper’s study analyses consumers’ role as possible offenders that can have the opportunity to engage in online software piracy as part of their routine online activities. Although it is problematic to measure the exact magnitude of the negative impact on the US economy, as stated by the Government Accountability Office it is sizeable. After analysing the conceptual model using a US national consumer sample of over 700 consumers, results show the influence of proximity to motivated offenders, target suitability, and capable guardianship on consumers’ attitudes and perceived subjective norms towards online software piracy, as well as their intentions to engage in this illegal behaviour on the Internet. By integrating routine activity theory, a criminology theory with the theory of reasoned action from psychology and analysing a widespread online software piracy phenomenon, several academic and practical contributions are made.     

企业竞争行动的计量维度、分析框架与未来展望

在我国互联网革命和经济转型的宏观背景下,企业竞争行动将在基于中国情境的理论发展中扮演更重要的角色。文章在指出现有研究局限的基础上,主要完成了如下工作：首先,从微观视角把企业竞争行动的计量维度提炼为密集性、简单性、异质性、威胁性共四个维度,并对每个计量维度给出了建议计算方法;其次,按照因果关系和时间导向两个维度勾勒出反映当前研究脉络的二维模型,具体地说,从因果关系维度把企业竞争行动研究对象区分为决定因素和影响结果,从时间导向维度把现有研究的时间范围区分为短期导向和长期导向;最后,结合本文的分析框架和中国管理哲学思想,文章展望了未来理论发展的若干可能路径。     

FARMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO COOPERATE IN ECOSYSTEM SERVICE PROVISION: DOES TRUST MATTER?

Ecosystem service provision in agriculture may require cooperation between farmers. Trust fosters cooperation in many economic and social interactions and is important to the success of traditional agricultural cooperatives. Little is known about how trust affects farmers’ willingness to cooperate to provide an ecosystem service, what types of trust are most important, and under what conditions trust may matter. In this study, we present results of a survey of Missouri crop farmers exploring the role trust plays in farmers’ stated willingness to cooperate to control pests. We find that most farmers say they are willing to cooperate, and most farmers are willing to trust others. However, we find little evidence that trust positively influences farmers’ willingness to cooperate to control pests. Instead, we find that trust may only matter under certain conditions, such as when participants’ farms are dissimilar, and that other determinants, such as the perceived benefit of cooperation and environmental concern, are more important than trust to farmers who are contemplating cooperation to control pests.     

Deploying strategic resources: comparing members of farmer cooperatives to non-members in sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Primary producers in global value chains, like any other firm, aim for entrepreneurial success through deploying strategic resources, collective action, strategic intent, and a supportive institutional environment. In the current article, we analyze the extent to which members of farmer cooperatives in Ethiopia succeed in deploying strategic resources. We find that non-members utilize resources more efficiently and that the potential for collective action is not realized. The potential for collective action remains unrealized due to the institutional environment. We suggest pathways for further research.     

基于工作过程的外贸单证实务课程教学模式研究

外贸单证实务是国际贸易实务专业的核心课程,具有实践性、操作性强的特点,依靠传统的教学模式,很难培养出适应外贸单证员岗位的应用型人才。外贸单证实务课程教学应以职业能力培养为重点,构建以"以职业能力为本位,工作过程为主导,融教学作为一体"的课程教学模式。文章从该课程教学现状分析入手,对外贸单证实务课程基于工作过程的教学模式进行了探索。     

金融创新与金融风险的“孪生性”辩证

金融是现代经济的核心。金融创新是金融市场的＂催化剂＂,它＂催生＂了各个子市场的形成和发展,不断推动金融市场的完善与成熟。在当前国际金融危机的大背景下,文章以金融衍生工具为＂链条＂,分析了金融工程学、金融创新和金融风险之间的逻辑关系：金融工程学是＂载体＂,金融创新是表现形式,金融风险是一种另类的潜含结果。同时,详细探讨了金融创新和金融风险之间的辩证关系：三者都是金融市场存在和发展的产物。澄清金融创新与金融风险之间内在的市场联系,对建立与我国经济发展相适应的成熟的金融市场具有重要的指导意义。     

基于G-S正交化方法的宽零陷方向图综合

在线性阵列天线方向图无约束Gram Schmidt(G S)正交化综合方法基础上加入零点 导数约束条件实现宽零陷波束图综合。此方法保持了无约束正交化方法中因采用对阵列导 向矢量正交化处理而使得计算简便的优点,适合均匀或非均匀直线阵的综合。 实验结果表明,此零点约束 正交方法能很好实现在零阶、一阶和二阶导数约束条件下线性阵列波束图的综合。     

重庆市金融要素市场培育的政府行为边界分析

随着重庆建设我国金融中心步伐的日益加快,本文针对如何界定重庆政府在建设金融中心的金融要素市场培育的三种理论为出发点,根据制度经济学"政府在制度变迁中提供的基本服务是博弈的基本规则"的原理,运用道格拉斯·诺斯制度变迁和经济增长的理论模型,提出重庆政府行为边界的具体构建框架,即完善稳定金融要素体系,提供配套基础设施及环境支持;为健全金融要素市场提供政策保障;随着金融要素市场不断形成出台并规范相关法律法规,明确规定政府行为边界,为重庆金融要素市场的培育提供有力的支持和保护。     

全面优化教学环境运行机制的研究探讨

教学环境的优劣对于学生的身心发展有着极为重要的影响。要在正确认识教学环境重要作用的基础上,构建全面优化教学环境的运行机制,关键就是要构建政策支持的领导管理机制,建立传统教学与现代化教学的协调和共享机制,建立全面覆盖的教师培训交流机制,构建多元化的绩效评价机制。     

当前跨境人民币业务发展面临的问题及对策

跨境人民币业务自推出试点以来,发展势头迅猛,但由于涉及的参与主体众多,其发展也面临着一些这样或那样的问题,突出表现在企业了解程度不够深入、商业银行的操作尚不娴熟、政策规定还有待完善、政府主管部门之间职责划分不够明晰、境外参与主体积极性不高这些方面。为保证跨境人民币业务的可持续发展,需要企业、银行和政府主管部门付出更多的努力,企业界应提高认识水平,商业银行应完善操作控制,政府主管部门应提高服务意识,加强协调联动,并出台更多有利于境内外参与主体使用人民币进行资金结算的鼓励政策。