Little leisure in the Big Society

The Big Society is a government and governance project that brings into question the existing relationship between the state and the citizen in the UK. One aspect of that changing relationship is the way in which government is willing and able to govern the population’s discretionary or leisure time. The success of the Big Society is dependent on a reorientation of leisure time use towards civic or voluntary action. In this policy analysis, the Big Society concept is deconstructed to examine the importance of leisure as a key determinant in meeting policy objectives. Time-use evidence is reviewed to explore the difficult question of how much scope there is for a reorientation of time-use that will go some way to realising the ambitions of the Big Society. The invisibility of leisure as an operationalised policy concept is revealed as a factor that ultimately limits the success of the project. An argument for including leisure in the Big Society policy discourse and decision-making is presented.     

Does player specialization predict player actions? Evidence from penalty kicks at FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro Cup

Penalty kicks are analysed in the literature as ‘real life experiments’ for assessing the use of rational mixed strategies by professional players. However, each penalty kick cannot be considered a repetition of the same event because of the varying background conditions, in particular the heterogeneous ability of different players. Consequently, aggregate statistics over data sets composed of a large number of penalty kicks mediate the behaviour of the players in different games, and the properties of optimal mixed strategies cannot be tested directly because of aggregation bias. In this article, we model the heterogeneous ability of players. We then test the hypothesis that differently talented players randomize over different actions. To achieve this aim, we study a data set that collects penalties kicked during shoot-out series in the last editions of FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro Cup (1994–2012) where kickers are categorized as specialists and non-specialists. The results support our theoretical predictions.     

A Cluster Analysis of Young Adult College Students' Beef Consumption Behavior Using the Constructs of a Proposed Modified Model of Planned Behavior

The theory of reasoned action (TRA) served as the theoretical framework for this study. This study focused on the development and analysis of a proposed modified model of planned behavior (MMpB) to investigate the beef consumption habits of young adult college students. The participants were a convenience self-selected sample of young adult college students from a major southeastern and southwestern university. A self-report survey was administered to (N = 914) students in classrooms at both universities. Using cluster and discriminant analysis three distinct cluster groupings were found based on the behavior construct.     

The Case for Accounting Education Research

Pressures on the unit of resources within higher education are noted and the possible implications for assessment practice considered. There is a tension between low-cost and high-quality assessments, yet assessment appears to drive the students' agenda and requires careful thought if the programme design is to lead to high-quality learning outcomes. A theoretical framework is presented with the purpose of developing an assessment strategy which will enhance the quality of learning by the student. A case study of an introductory accounting module is described and issues of teaching, learning and assessment are explored. A message of hope is signalled; it may be possible to foster deep learning through assessments which engage the student actively with the subject, despite the apparent constraints acting upon academics.     

信用衍生品的信用风险转移对金融稳定性的影响

银行信用风险转移激励与监管当局提高金融稳定性的目标是一致的,监管当局应该通过鼓励金融机构之间的总信用风险转移,使得信用风险转移的收益最大化;研究还发现,随着跨部门之间信用风险转移的出现,为了使得个体激励与提高信用风险管理中金融机构稳定性的社会目标相一致,应该鼓励部门之间的差异化监管。     

内生比较优势视野下的专业市场集群与政府作为——以义乌小商品市场为例

专业市场集群发展过程中,逐渐形成了自身的内生比较优势,区域经济从而获得了快速发展。而在—般市场经济的环境下,专业市场集群的内生比较优势的形成与政府作为有密切关系。     

模块化时代的垄断效率研究

垄断和竞争究竞哪个更具效率一直是产业经济学的研究热点,而模块化成为新产业经济的本质标志着模块化时代的到来,因此,模块化时代的垄断效率研究极具现实意义。本文从模块化产生背景及其本身特性入手,结合模块化理论和微观经济学相关知识,运用数理及逻辑推理方法,对模块化时代的市场结构及其效率做了深入研究,结论认为模块化的先天特性决定了该种结构产生与存在的必然性,而且这种具有垄断外在特征的市场结构是有效率的。     

金融衍生工具的特点及风险管理

金融衍生工具具有其自身特点:衍生工具的价值受制于基础工具;衍生工具具有规避风险的职能;衍生工具构造具有复杂性;衍生工具设计具有灵活性;衍生工具交易具有特殊性;衍生工具运用具有杠杆性.但金融衍生工具的固有风险不容忽视,因此应加强风险管理,建立健全内部风险控制系统和制度.     

超短脉冲干涉自相关导数光谱的啁啾特性

采用对二次干涉自相关（IAC）迹线求一阶导数,得到干涉自相关导数光谱（D-MOSAIC）,并利用该导数光谱对啁啾有很高灵敏度的特性,对高斯型强度分布的线性啁啾、平方啁啾脉冲进行数值计算与模拟,得到导数光谱的峰值与啁啾大小的对应关系．提出了一种新颖的测量超短激光脉冲啁啾的方法,同时得出干涉自相关导数光谱能够精确地测量超短激光脉冲的啁啾大小．