TS算法视域下物流配送车辆优化调度问题研究

针对传统TS算法的全局寻优能力受限于初始解的质量的缺陷,提出了一种基于改进TS算法并采用C-W算法获得初始解来解决物流配送车辆优化调度问题。首先,定义了车辆调度问题的数学模型,在此基础上提出了一种采用C-W算法来求初始解的方法,在此基础上定义了禁忌算法的禁忌表结构、禁忌长度以及领域的构造,从而定义了一种改进的TS算法。仿真实验证明该方法能有效地解决带时间窗的车辆调度问题,且与传统的TS算法相比,本方法在求解质量和寻优效率上有大幅提高。     

中国传统建筑中的窗棂纹样对当代建筑设计的启发

中国传统建筑中窗棂的运用,是中国古代建筑艺术处理的重要手段之一,也是装饰木作的主要内容。窗棂纹样以其精美的图案、玲珑剔透的造型成为传统建筑中最为有力装饰件之一。通过对中国传统建筑窗棂纹样的研究,并结合对当代优秀中国风建筑的分析,以使当代人们更加清晰的认识到传统建筑中的窗棂纹样对现代建筑设计的启发意义。     

大中城市周边乡村景观格局分析*——以沈阳市为例

[目的]十九大报告针对城乡未来发展,提出实施利国利民的乡村振兴战略。随着中国经济实力不断增强,大中城市不断扩张,城市周边乡村景观格局受到不同程度的剧烈影响。城边乡村景观的合理布局有利于加快生态宜居的乡村振兴进程,是实现乡村振兴的重要一环。[方法]文章以沈阳市周边乡村为研究区域,基于GIS技术、半变异函数与移动窗口法相结合,分别从破碎化和多样性角度分析景观异质性的空间特征,探索城市周边乡村景观分布格局,并分析该格局形成的驱动因素。[结果](1)研究区主要乡村景观类型为耕地,其次为建设用地和有林地;河流水面、水库水面和灌木林地斑块密度较小,最大斑块指数较高,表明三者的景观异质性较低;(2)农村道路、沟渠和建设用地3类景观破碎度较大,斑块密度高,平均斑块面积较小;(3)浑河及其沿岸景观异质性较高;除浑河以外其他地区,东北部景观均质化较东南部高,东南部景观格局异质性随着与城市中心距离的变化出现一定梯度的改变,主要受与城市中心距离、人为对土地利用开发强度的影响。[结论]研究结果可为该研究地区及相似大中城市周边乡村景观格局分析提供定量参考依据,为乡村振兴战略及山水林田湖草的优化整治提供理论依据。     

Persistency of window dressing practices in the U.S. repo markets after the GFC: The unexplored role of the deposit insurance premium

We investigate whether the regulatory improvements made in the aftermath of the global financial crisis have been effective in limiting bank downward window dressing by means of repos in the United States. We find that a strict application of the Basel III regulation wipes out incentives to engage in window dressing to bolster the level of leverage Tier 1 ratio at quarter-end. We also show that the persistency of window dressing is related to the computation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation assessment base, which motivates banks to engage in window dressing to reduce the deposit insurance premium.     

Combining common-weights DEA window with the Malmquist index: A case of China’s iron and steel industry

In the conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) window analysis, a decision-making unit (DMU) in each window is treated as different units in each period so that the evaluation for one unit is performed on different scales over time. This paper proposes a novel window analysis based on common weight across time (CWAT), which evaluates each unit in each window by its common scale independent of time. The model for obtaining common weights is described as linear programming. And the paper suggests the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) on CWAT, CWAT MPI, to analyze productivity change by inheriting the result of window analysis. The numerical experiments are illustrated to examine the validity of CWAT and MPI, and the result shows that the proposed method provides a new evaluation scale compared to previous studies. The proposed model is applied to evaluate the performance of China 45 iron and steel enterprises during 2009–2017. The energy and environmental efficiency are calculated using CWAT, and CWAT MPI analyzes the productivity change.     

How offline retailers adopt O2O: Neighboring star shops and their proximity effect

For small to mid-sized offline retailers, a new e-commerce model called online-to-offline (O2O) enables the integration of physical and online channels through a platform-based aggregator. However, many offline stores are still reluctant to accept O2O. This study investigates how the existence of a neighboring star shop(s), defined as a shop that has generated large revenues in the early stage of O2O adoption, and the proximity to the neighboring star shops in offline settings matter in the initial adoption of O2O. We applied the Cox proportional hazard model, based on operating data from Naver Shop Window, an O2O service in South Korea. Our results show the existence of a neighboring star shop and the distance to it in offline settings are major determinants of O2O adoption. This study extends the academic discussions on the opinion leader's role in the offline environment to the O2O environment and provides strategic implications for practitioners who want to spread O2O.     

Analyzing the effects of storefront window display transparency on perceived store Attractiveness and Approach behavior

This study evaluated the impact of visual transparency vs. opaqueness in storefront window displays in relation to consumer responses and approach behavior. While there is extensive prior literature analyzing various design features in such exterior-facing displays, the ability to see through or around the window displays to observe the store interior has not received much research attention. Theories of cognitive processing fluency suggest that reductions in environmental “unknowns” are associated with feelings of pleasure, comfort, and environmental affinity. Thus, we hypothesized that more transparent window displays would be associated with higher ratings of store attractiveness, more time spent observing the stores, and a greater likelihood of participants approaching the stores after viewing the displays. The use of a virtual-reality approach made it possible to isolate and adjust the storefront display transparency while holding other environmental variables constant. Our findings confirmed that highly transparent window displays were associated with greater attractiveness ratings and longer durations of observation, and that these effects were mediated by a reduction in perceived visual complexity and increases in feelings of pleasure. We did not find a significant difference in approach behavior, but this may be due to the fact that our participants were aware they could not actually enter the stores in the VR presentation. The results provisionally indicate that retailers should attend to the visibility of the ground-level store interior when designing their window displays.     

深空接收机关键技术分析

通过对JPL、ESA等深空接收机技术进行研究,并结合当前国内信号处理技术发展状况,分析了深空接收机的诸多关键技术,从信号处理角度讨论了提高接收灵敏度的方法和适用技术,以解决深空微弱信号的捕获、跟踪和解调.着重介绍了微弱信号频率捕获、超窄带锁相环、边带辅助残留载波环、环路加窗技术、加权IDF、SSME信噪比估计技术、变环路带宽与变窗口技术等关键技术,对我国自主设备研制具有一定的参考价值.