More than window dressing: visual merchandising and austerity in London’s West End, 1945–50

Abstract

In the aftermath of the Second World War, the fashion departments of London’s West End department stores were not only challenged by austerity and bomb damage but also by the growth of multiple retailers selling branded ready-to-wear goods. This article investigates how department stores responded by investing in display and visual merchandising to attract custom and rebuild their fashionable reputations. It argues that the difficulties caused by austerity conditions forced department stores to embrace new retail methodologies that helped them adapt to the changed circumstances of post-war fashion retail and compete with multiple retailers.     

液压滑动模板在水电站快速施工中的应用

液压滑动模板在当今的建筑施工中应用越来越广泛,可应用于房建、路桥及水电站的施工中。文章以液压滑动模板在某水电站泄水坝闸墩快速施工当中的应用来论述其加快施工进度的突出作用。     

Corruption and Economic Efficiency: Panel Data Evidence

Abstract

This paper investigates empirically the effect of corruption on countries' economic efficiency. By using a sample of 79 countries for the time period 2000–2006 the paper applies DEA window analysis and econometric panel data techniques. The results reveal that there is a U-shaped relationship between countries' corruption perception levels and economic efficiency. Furthermore, it appears that corruption has a negative effect on countries' economic efficiency. For the first time the turning points of such a relationship are being produced indicating that on average terms and regardless of countries' economic structure, Corruption Perception Index (CPI) above five initiate a positive effect on a countries' economic efficiency.     

随机需求下带时间窗IRP问题的遗传算法研究

研究随机需求条件下带时间窗的IRP问题的数学模型,并借助遗传算法来求解这一模型。以某物流公司配送系统为例,获得了路径安排和库存策略的优化目标解。实验结果表明这不仅能明显减少迭代次数,而且可以改善优化计算结果。     

Accounting Window Dressing and Template Regulation: A Case Study of the Australian Credit Union Industry

This article documents the response of cooperative institutions that were required to adhere to new capital adequacy regulations traditionally geared for profit-maximising organisations. Using data from the Australian credit union industry, we demonstrate that the cooperative philosophy and internal corporate governance structure of cooperatives will lead management to increase capital adequacy ratios through the application of accounting window dressing techniques. This is opposite to the intended purpose of template regulation aimed at efficiently increasing operating margins and lowering risk. Our results raise several debatable issues regarding the ethics of accounting management and the imposition of one-shoe-fits-all external regulation.      

露天边坡工程及FLAC数值分析

以高西沟露天煤矿的西北边帮作为研究对象,运用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,经过数值计算得到边坡安全系数为1.57,其与工程类比法计算得到的数值差不多,知该数值分析方法不仅能快速、准确的算出边坡的稳定性系数,还能够形象的描绘边坡的滑移临界场,是一种有效的边坡稳定性分析的方法。     

基于灰水足迹的粮食主产区农业环境效率与水环境可持续性测度与评估

[目的]为实现粮食主产区农业水环境的可持续发展。[方法]文章应用灰水足迹理论,选取我国粮食主产区洞庭湖区34个县(市)为案例研究区,采用非期望产出的SBM窗式分析模型,系统解析农业环境效率的时空演变特征。通过构建农业资源节约与灰水足迹减排潜力、缩减规模和水环境压力降低潜势模型,进行农业环境效率与水环境可持续性测度与评估研究。[结果](1) 1994—2014年水环境污染约束条件下洞庭湖区农业环境效率相对较低,总体呈波动增长的态势;21年来灰水足迹具有较高的减排潜力。(2)洞庭湖区农业环境效率分布呈较大的空间差异特征,高效率区主要集中于环洞庭湖区与远离湖区的南部地区;农业环境效率相对有效的地区呈逐渐增加的态势,且分布趋于均衡。(3)湘阴县与华容县农业生产的灰水足迹减排潜力较高;湘阴县灰水足迹具有较高的潜在缩减规模和水环境压力降低潜势,应成为农业面源污染的重点防控区域。[结论]通过农业结构优化、测土配方施肥等多途径与措施,减少灰水足迹排放,以缓解当地水环境压力。研究成果可为粮食主产区水环境调控与农业可持续发展提供理论与方法依据。     

Disentangling Treatment Effects of Active Labor Market Policies: The Role of Labor Force Status Sequences

This paper estimates treatment effects of two active labor market policies – a training program and a wage subsidy scheme – on participants' employment probabilities. The analysis is based on unique data from the 18th wave of the Polish Labor Force Survey containing detailed and extensive individual labor force status histories. We discuss two variants of an exact covariate matching procedure adapted to the specific nature of the data. Our study confirms and reinforces a point raised in recent research [Heckman, J.J., Smith, J.A. The Pre-programme Earnings Dip and the Determinants of Participation in a Social Programme: Implications for Simple Programme Evaluation Strategies. The Economic Journal 1999; 109; 313-348., Heckman, J.J., Smith, J.A. The Determinants of Participation in a Social Program: Evidence from a Prototypical Job Training Program. Journal of Labor Economics 2004; 22; 243-298.], that pre-treatment labor force status dynamics play a decisive role in determining program participation. We implement a conditional difference-in-differences estimator of treatment effects based on these individual trinomial sequences of pre-treatment labor market status. The estimator employs a “moving window” technique that nicely controls for changes in the macroeconomic environment over time. Our findings suggest that training raises individual employment probability, while wage subsidies display negative treatment effects for participants in the Polish case.     

茂名电信分公司员工考勤系统

人力资源管理系统是典型的信息管理系统(MIS),其开发主要包括后台数据库的建立和维护以及前端应用程序的开发两个方面。对于前者要求建立起数据一致性和完整性强。数据安全性好的库。而对于后者则要求应用程序功能完备,易使用等特点。     

The market timing of corporate bond reopenings

The objective of this paper is to test whether companies use corporate bond reopenings to exploit overvalued debt. Reopenings represent new debt offerings, which are characterized through identical configurations as an already outstanding bond, but with a market-adjusted price. Their advantage lies with the fact that fewer preparations are required compared to a new regular offering. For a set of European companies our results suggest that stockholders respond less positively to the announcements of reopenings than to regular offerings. This effect is stronger, the higher the pre-issue bond price run-up, and the stock price reaction is directly linked to the change in the firm’s debt value. Additionally, the prices of the reopened bonds drop on the announcement day. Therefore, in line with the window of opportunity theory, the firm’s management appears to use reopenings as a fast and inexpensive way to raise debt capital, which leads stockholders and bondholders to suspect an overvaluation and therefore to adjust their price expectations. The analysis also reveals that the redistribution of wealth from bondholders to stockholders is a major determinant for the observed price changes.