Analyzing the effects of storefront window display transparency on perceived store Attractiveness and Approach behavior

This study evaluated the impact of visual transparency vs. opaqueness in storefront window displays in relation to consumer responses and approach behavior. While there is extensive prior literature analyzing various design features in such exterior-facing displays, the ability to see through or around the window displays to observe the store interior has not received much research attention. Theories of cognitive processing fluency suggest that reductions in environmental “unknowns” are associated with feelings of pleasure, comfort, and environmental affinity. Thus, we hypothesized that more transparent window displays would be associated with higher ratings of store attractiveness, more time spent observing the stores, and a greater likelihood of participants approaching the stores after viewing the displays. The use of a virtual-reality approach made it possible to isolate and adjust the storefront display transparency while holding other environmental variables constant. Our findings confirmed that highly transparent window displays were associated with greater attractiveness ratings and longer durations of observation, and that these effects were mediated by a reduction in perceived visual complexity and increases in feelings of pleasure. We did not find a significant difference in approach behavior, but this may be due to the fact that our participants were aware they could not actually enter the stores in the VR presentation. The results provisionally indicate that retailers should attend to the visibility of the ground-level store interior when designing their window displays.     

Trends in the economic capacity of the Danish fishing fleet, 1996-2002

The Danish fishing industry has gone through a turbulent period of declining catches and modest economic performance. In order to address these concerns, capacity reduction initiatives, mainly through vessel decommissioning, have sought to relieve pressure on fish stocks and improve the profitability of fishing vessels that remain in the fishery. It is the main purpose of this paper to analyse the capacity utilization trends of the four main commercial fleet segments of trawlers, netters, Danish seiners and industrial (fish for reduction) vessels. Annual cost and earnings data (1996-2002) for fishing vessels of the various fleets are applied to three data envelopment analysis models, which evaluate capacity utilization in terms of catch volume, catch revenue and short-run profit. Results suggest that considerable cutbacks in fleet capacity are required, in the range of 30-50%, if full capacity utilization is to be achieved. A preliminary discussion with respect to the impact of fleet capacity reduction initiatives on fleet performance concludes the paper.     

Revenue management forecasting: The resiliency of advanced booking methods given dynamic booking windows

Forecasting is the initial component of the hospitality revenue management (RM) cycle. The accuracy of the forecast is critical for RM systems to make appropriate recommendations to optimize revenue. Over recent years the industry has cited shifting booking windows due to a variety of macro (e.g., technology and economy) and micro (e.g., promotion) factors. These shifts pose challenges for RM forecasting algorithms particularly in the domain of pick-up based techniques. In this paper, we review the literature on hotel RM forecasting, particularly with respect to popular techniques used in practice. We then introduce a neural network approach to the advance booking environment to address issues related to booking window shifts. The models are estimated and tested for accuracy, and then re-tested years later after the booking window has shifted. The results are synthesized with discussion as to which models are more suitable for forecasting in dynamic booking windows.     

Equity with Warrants in Private Placements

We examine private equity with warrant (unit) placements and compare them with private equity placements. Firms making unit placements are smaller, younger, riskier, and characterized by higher information asymmetry than equity‐placing firms. Furthermore, unit‐placing firms experience good pre‐placement stock performance; however, their post‐placement performance is poor and worse than that of equity‐placing firms. We also find that very few of the placed warrants are in the money at expiration. Our results are consistent with the window of opportunity hypothesis and the theory that warrants are especially desirable to a clientele of overoptimistic investors.     

山东莱芜铁矿田马庄矿区“天窗”渗漏量研究

本文以均衡理论为基础，采用数理统计方法，通过对马庄矿区１６年间丰水期最大矿坑涌水量与其对应的灰岩地下水水位降资料的研究，知二者为幂指数关系，从二者所建立的回归方程中，反推出马庄矿区的天窗渗漏量，进而推之。天窗的渗漏量主要取决于天窗下伏灰岩的岩溶发育情况和导水性，天窗的渗漏量只占矿坑涌水量的一小部分。对矿区的安全生产形不成威胁。     

用普通基比特串行乘法电路实现(204, 188)RS码译码

提高区域创新能力,建设和完善区域创新体系是区域经济持续健康增长的动力源泉;区域创新体系的政策具体目标是促进研发和技术扩散,促进区域人力资源发展,促进科技成果产业化和区域创新环境优化;其政策工具包括直接的财政金融政策和促进区域创新环境的间接政策;我国区域创新政策现在主要依靠科技部门实施,有待于进一步系统化和深化。     

基于新兴产业演化的投资价值发现

寻找投资的“机会之窗”,是新兴产业投资者的关键决策。通过剖析产业链成长现象,阐明了产业纵向演化中发生成长性迁移的内在机制。在将横向演化纳入纵向演化进行综合研究的过程中,总结了新兴产业演化的四种基本类型：横向竞争共存、横向转轨分化、纵向延伸突破和纵向反馈激活。揭示了投资的“机会之窗”即存在于四种类型的转变过渡之中,投资方向、方式和时机的决策逻辑须符合这一基本规律,才能推动新兴产业投资回报的实现。     

中国经济发展方式与人口红利关系辨析

近年来热烈讨论的人口红利,对我国来说更接近于一种＂人口机会窗口＂。它可以通过增加劳动力投入,提高储蓄率等渠道推动经济增长。但这种经济增长并非一定是现代经济增长。中国的实践证明,粗放式低层次地利用＂人口机会窗口＂,走传统工业化道路已经遇到严峻挑战。印度自20世纪80年代起采取新的经济发展模式,积极培养与积累人力资本,发展高新技术产业,值得中国参考。应深层次充分挖掘人力资源优势,积累人力资本,走出一条依靠科技进步和劳动者素质提高的发展道路,真正分享人口红利。     

EXAMINING THE STABILITY OF OKUN'S COEFFICIENT

The stability of Okun's law coefficient in the United States from 1949 to 2015 is examined using a regression with GARCH errors in order to capture the volatility of the series. Rolling estimations suggest that taking the volatility of the series into account yields more stable results compared to the simple OLS estimation, irrespective of the specification (gap or growth model), the data frequency (monthly or quarterly), or the length of the rolling window. The results also suggest that the persistence of shocks became much more important in explaining contemporaneous volatility when data from the recent global financial crisis were incorporated. In contrast, the feedthrough of output shocks in next period's output volatility was more important in the past, and especially during the 1970s stagflation period, but has been declining since.     

烟囱施工控制的重点及常见质量问题的防控

烟囱作为高耸构筑物,其中心桩的测量控制、大体积砼基础的施工、筒壁中心线垂直度的控制及滑升、调径、模板收分和抽拔均是施工控制的重点。在筒壁滑模施工中易出现筒壁混凝土坍落、混凝土筒壁表面存在局部裂缝及滑模施工中易出现偏扭等现象,施工如果控制不利,将造成筒体倾斜、筒身混凝土强度降低等质量问题,严重的可能造成质量事故。