大城市社会空间结构演变及其治理——以上海市为例

随着市场化改革的深入,当前中国大城市社会空间正呈现重构与分异的演变趋势,同时也带来许多城市社会问题.以上海为例,在分析当前中国大城市呈现的社会空间结构演变的特征基础上,分析了可能产生的负社会效应,并提出了一些城市空间治理的对策建议.     

Moral Discourse and Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting

This paper examines voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting as a form of moral discourse. It explores how alternative stakeholder perspectives lead to differing perceptions of the process and content of responsible reporting. We contrast traditional stakeholder theory, which views stakeholders as external parties having a social contract with corporations, with an emerging perspective, which views interaction among corporations and constituents as relational in nature. This moves the stakeholder from an external entity to one that is integral to corporate activity. We explore how these alternative stakeholder perspectives give rise to different normative demands for stakeholder engagement, managerial processes, and communication. We discuss models of CSR reporting and accountability: EMAS, the ISO 14000 series, SA8000, AA1000, the Global Reporting Initiative, and the Copenhagen Charter. We explore how these models relate to the stakeholder philosophies and find that they are largely consistent with the traditional atomistic view but fall far short of the demands for moral engagement prescribed by a relational stakeholder perspective. Adopting a relational view requires stakeholder engagement not only in prescribing reporting requirements, but also in discourse relating to core aspects of the corporation such as mission, values, and management systems. Habermas’ theory of communicative action provides guidelines for engaging stakeholders in this moral discourse. MaryAnn Reynolds is an Associate Professor of Accounting in the College of Business and Economics at Western Washington University. Dr. Reynolds teaches intermediate financial accounting and is published in the areas of corporate social, environmental and ethical reporting. Kristi Yuthas is the Swigert Endowed Information Systems Professor in the School of Business Administration at Portland State University. Dr. Yuthas teaches accounting and information systems and is published in the areas of social and ethical impacts of management information systems.     

企业社会责任履行、R&D投入与财务绩效——基于我国主板上市公司的经验证据

在当前市场竞争环境中,社会责任履行情况已成为企业竞争的重要因素之一,而企业选择主动承担社会责任是否能够有效促进财务绩效的提高和企业价值的实现?基于我国A股上市公司2010-2015年六年数据共3181个研究样本,研究不同作用机制下企业社会责任履行情况、R&D投入与财务绩效的三者的复杂关系。实证结果表明：（1）企业履行社会责任与财务绩效呈正相关关系;（2）不同的作用机制不会改变企业社会责任履行与财务绩效的正相关关系;（3）技术创新投入增强了企业社会责任对企业财务绩效的积极影响,但是这一结果主要是基于研发投入与战略性社会责任的履行保持一致对企业绩效产生正向的刺激效果,而研发投入对利他性社会责任与财务绩效的调节作用表现并不显著。     

湖南省乡村建设水平评价及对景观的影响利弊

［目的］改善乡村人居环境,推动新农村建设,是全面建设小康社会的重要组成部分。［方法］从经济发展水平、生活质量水平、社会发展水平及生态发展状况等4个方面构建包括20个指标在内的评价体系,基于2007—2017年的统计数据,采用熵权法对湖南省乡村建设水平进行定量化测度。在此基础上,进一步阐述了乡村建设对乡村景观影响的利弊。［结果］湖南省乡村建设发展水平评价分值呈现显著的递增趋势,由2007年的0177提高到2017年的0692。其中经济发展水平、生活质量水平、社会发展水平均明显提升,但生态发展状况波动较大,虽近年来得到一定的控制,但仍是制约新农村建设的重要因素。新农村建设为乡村景观的规划提供了经济支持,改善了乡村景观基本硬件设施条件,乡村旅游产业的发展也丰富了乡村景观的形式内容,推动了乡村景观的建设,但也在一定程度上引发了对生态系统平衡的破坏和对乡村景观的蚕食。［结论］在新农村建设过程中,遵循生态理论,充分体现地域特色,科学合理地进行乡村景观规划对推动新农村建设水平的整体提升至关重要。     

马克思的法律思想初探(英文)

马克思第一次科学地揭示了法的起源、阶级本质及其基本规律,从而在法学领域实现了一次彻底的革命。尤其是在法学理论和刑法学方面,通过深入的学习和研究马克思法律思想,对于繁荣法学研究,健全社会主义法制,有着重大的理论意义和现实意义。     

产业集群的人才集聚机制研究

在产业集群的经济增长作用日益突出的今天,集群内的人才集聚现象也越来越受到学者们的关注。文章基于成本收益理论以及人口迁移中的“推－拉理论”等,对产业集群作用下的人才集聚现象进行了分析,并进一步阐述了产业集群内的产业链与人才链的耦合效应以及产业集群生命周期阶段人才集聚的演化过程,得出由于在产业集群的外部经济效应和知识溢出效应等自身诸多特征的作用下人才集聚得以实现,并且产业集群生命周期的不同阶段人才集聚对经济的贡献是有所差异的基本结论。这一结论将会给地方政府在制定区域人才开发政策时提供不同的视角,以便有针对性地遵循产业生命周期阶段来进行人才结构的调整与升级,保证人才集聚的持续性与区域经济的可持续发展。     

婚姻市场的教育分层与女性人力资本投资

在经济转轨时期,中国女性的劳动力供给表现出\"非理性\"现象:在劳动力市场的性别歧视越来越严重的情况下,女性人力资本投资却不降反升.婚姻市场的教育匹配和分层趋势,说明女性人力资本投资不但在劳动力市场上有收益,在婚姻市场上也有收益.劳动力市场上的性别歧视导致女性人力资本投资在劳动力市场的收益率下降,但只要这一投资行为在婚姻市场的收益率上升足以弥补这种损失,女性增加其人力资本投资就是一种理性的选择.     

An investment-function-based measure of capacity utilisation.: Potential output and utilised capacity in the Bank of Italy's quarterly model

Measures of potential output and the output gap are increasingly being developed and used to concisely quantify and monitor the risk of price accelerations stemming from rises in aggregate demand that are not met by a corresponding increase in supply. They often play a prominent role in the price determination mechanisms of macroeconometric models. In this paper we build a measure of potential private-sector value added for the Italian economy that is consistent with the capital accumulation process in the Banca d'Italia's Quarterly Model — and more generally with the rest of the supply-side block of that model. More specifically, we exploit the fact that the investment function can be thought of as a relationship transforming desired gross additions to capacity output into capital accumulation by means of a conversion factor (the optimal capital/output ratio). Thus, if one removes the component of investment decisions that stems from changes in the relative price of the production factors, (i.e. in the optimal capital/output ratio), then a measure of the desired gross addition to capacity may be constructed. The results draw a cyclical picture of the degree of capacity utilisation for the period 1970–1997 that is roughly in line with those produced by the Wharton and Hodrick–Prescott filter approaches, as well as with the pictures resulting from the ISAE, IMF, European Commission and OECD measures of the output gap. Our investment-function-based measure appears to be a promising indicator of the pressure exerted on prices by demand accelerations. Its empirical properties are, on the whole, acceptable and plausible.     

Fuzzy Rasch model in TOPSIS: A new approach for generating fuzzy numbers to assess the competitiveness of the tourism industries in Asian countries

This study proposes a novel approach, the Fuzzy Rasch model, which combines Item Response Theory (IRT) and fuzzy set theory. This paper applies the Fuzzy Rasch model in Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to analyse the Tourism Destination Competitiveness (TDC) of nine Asian countries: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and the Philippines. The study was conducted in 2009 using 6 criteria and 15 indices. The results demonstrate the feasibility of applying the Fuzzy Rasch model in TOPSIS to analyse TDC in Asian countries. In addition, the proposed model also provides an effective means of applying the MCDM method to study TDC. Furthermore, in 2009, the Asian countries were ranked from most to least competitive as follows: China, Japan, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Taiwan, Korea and the Philippines.     

新时期解决农民工社会保障问题探讨

随着中国城市化进程的加速,解决农民工的社会保障问题是中国经济、社会发展过程中不可回避的事实,国内外关于农民和农民工社会保障问题的研究文献非常丰富,这为当前进一步加深研究农民工的社会保障问题奠定了基础。解决农民工社会保障问题有利于\"三农\"问题的解决和促进社会主义新农村建设,有利于推进中国城市化进程,有利于农村社会的发展,有利于农民工自身的发展。