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91.
养老问题实质上是老年人的需求与满足问题。精神需求是老年人需求的基本方面和重要内容。老年社会政策应关注老年人的精神需求,建立老年人精神支持和精神保障机制,以提高老年人生活质量,促进社会和谐与稳定。 相似文献
92.
在社会转型期,我国多种经济成分的并存催生着多种财富分配方式,进而形成不同的利益共同体,引致了原有社会阶级阶层结构的嬗变,使社会阶级结构演变为阶层结构.在新的社会阶层结构中,各个利益集团和阶层有着各自不同的利益追求,并引发了各自不同的政治诉求,从而构成新的社会矛盾体系.在新的社会矛盾体系中,人民内部矛盾是其基本的属性,"和而不同"是现阶段人民内部矛盾的本质特征. 相似文献
93.
Paola Profeta 《International Tax and Public Finance》2002,9(6):651-672
How do demographic factors influence retirement? Using a large cross-country data set, I show that in countries with a larger share of elderly in their population the length of retirement is longer. This result holds true if I control for wealth effects, and when the effective labor force participation rate of the elderly is used instead of the official retirement age. Retirement policies and the social security size are strictly related: a new variable, representing the aggregate relevance of retirement policies, turns out to be significant in explaining the size of social security. Finally, the total amount of social security transfers is positively related with the increase of the elderly population, while in per capita terms this relation is not significant. 相似文献
94.
The Importance of Social Capital to the Management of Multinational Enterprises: Relational Networks Among Asian and Western Firms 总被引:7,自引:5,他引:7
Social capital is an important concept for multinational firms. Firms operating in global markets rarely have adequate resources to compete effectively in global markets; they access the needed resources through formal and informal relationships with other firms. The cultures in Asian countries have emphasized relationships much more strongly than Western firms. Thus, relational capital, based on guanxi (China), kankei (Japan) and inmak (Korea), provides the framework for business dealings in many Asian countries. As a result, the social capital of many Asian firms gives them a potential competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms must develop social capital and learn to manage relational networks to gain and sustain a competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms can learn how to develop and manage social capital from Asian firms. Alternatively, social capital has some disadvantages. Firms are limited by their networks and thus experience opportunity costs and path dependence. Additionally, while Asian firms often have strong network ties in their domestic markets, they have to develop many more ties globally to operate effectively in global markets. As a result, the development and management of social capital has become of critical importance for competitive advantage in global markets. 相似文献
95.
Ranking Journals Using Social Science Research Network Downloads 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
I use a new approach to rank journals, namely the number and percent frequency of articles a journal publishes that are heavily downloaded from the Social Science Research Network (SSRN). I rank 18 accounting and finance journals, and I identify five journals not considered by the two most recent major published ranking studies of publications by accounting faculty, namely (in rank order): Journal of Financial Economics, Review of Accounting Studies, Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Journal of Corporate Finance, and Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting. I show that financial accounting faculties are more likely to post their working papers to SSRN, and papers posted by financial faculties generate more downloads. I mitigate this bias in favor of the financial area by providing separate rankings based on authors in the financial versus non-financial areas. 相似文献
96.
In a two-country model with mobile capital we analyse decentralized social insurance policies. These policies are a compromise between the preferences of workers and capital owners. Due to wage bargaining, worker-based social insurance contributions are borne by capital owners. These contributions affect the profitability of investment, and consequently the direction and size of capital flows. Countries will take account of these effects in determining social insurance policy. Noncooperative decision making results in tax competition and an underprovision of social insurance. In addition, increasing economic integration, represented by increasing capital mobility, could imply a divergence of social insurance levels in the two countries. 相似文献
97.
98.
建筑企业的社会责任分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
结合建筑企业特点,分析了建筑企业社会责任的内涵和意义。指出建筑企业必须主动承担起对股东、员工、社会、环境和社区等更多的社会责任,并提出了诸多具体的建议,对树立建筑企业整体形象具有指导意义。 相似文献
99.
Joel F. Houston Jongsub Lee Felix Suntheim 《Journal of Accounting and Economics》2018,65(2-3):237-269
We show that banks with shared social connections partner more often in the global syndicated loan market and that central banks in the network play dominant roles in various interbank transactions, indicating that social connections facilitate business connections. However, more centralized banks in the network also contribute significantly to the global systemic risk. Moreover, we find the soft information generated by social networks is particularly valuable when potential partners operate under different accounting and regulatory standards. Finally, we show that the recent banking crisis significantly limited the positive soft information effects of social networks in the global banking system. 相似文献
100.
社会资本的测量一直是社会资本领域研究的重要问题.根据农户社会资本具有结构性和关系性的特征,按异质性、趋同性、工具性和情感性四个维度选取经验指标进行实证研究.研究发现:首次提出针对农户社会资本测量理论并选择出适合中国村庄环境特点、能够体现农户社会资本功能性和特征性的社会资本测量维度;提出一种更加客观并体现主体差异的IOWA客观自主评价法,并通过实证方法对社会资本进行测量;依据农户社会资本测量理论,采用定性定量相结合的分析方法对一个村庄做实证检验以确定理论及方法的合理性和有效性. 相似文献