The impact of the introduction and use of an informational website on offline customer buying behavior

Do customers increase or decrease their spending in response to the introduction of an informational website? To answer this question, this study considers the effects of the introduction and use of an informational website by a large national retailer on offline customer buying behavior. More specifically, we study a website's effects on the number of shopping trips and the amount spent per category per shopping trip. The model is calibrated through the estimation of a Poisson model (shopping trips) and a type-II tobit model (the amount spent per category per shopping trip), with effect parameters that vary across customers. For the focal retailer, an informational website creates more bad than good news; most website visitors engage in fewer shopping trips and spend less in all product categories. The authors also compare the characteristics of shoppers who exhibit negative website effects with those few shoppers who show positive effects and thus derive key implications for research and practice.     

When do B2B brands influence the decision making of organizational buyers? An examination of the relationship between purchase risk and brand sensitivity

The dominant perspective on organizational buying behavior suggests that buyers tend to rely on objective criteria when making product choice decisions and that the potential influence of subjective cues, such as brands, on buyer decision making decreases with increasing risk. An alternative perspective, confirmed in this study by in-depth interviews with various managers, suggests that brands serve as a risk-reduction heuristic, whereby the influence of brands on decision making increases as a function of risk. Building on risk and information processing theories, this research builds on these complementary perspectives to propose that risk and brand sensitivity relate in a U-shaped manner, where brand sensitivity is highest in relatively low- or high-risk situations. The results of scenario- and survey-based field studies—involving 206 and 180 members of buying centers, respectively—suggest that both perspectives have merit and support the proposed nonlinear relationship. Moreover, the findings reveal that the risk-brand sensitivity relationship is moderated by competitive intensity, such that the linear (negative) and quadratic (positive) effects are stronger when competitive intensity is low.     

Accommodating spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice models: an application to modeling residential location choice behavior

This paper presents a modeling methodology capable of accounting for spatial correlation across choice alternatives in discrete choice modeling applications. Many location choice (e.g., residential location, workplace location, destination location) modeling contexts involve choice sets where alternatives are spatially correlated with one another due to unobserved factors. In the presence of such spatial correlation, traditional discrete choice modeling methods that are often based on the assumption of independence among choice alternatives are not appropriate. In this paper, a Generalized Spatially Correlated Logit (GSCL) model that allows one to represent the degree of spatial correlation as a function of a multi-dimensional vector of attributes characterizing each pair of location choice alternatives is formulated and presented. The formulation of the GSCL model allows one to accommodate alternative correlation mechanisms rather than pre-imposing restrictive correlation assumptions on the location choice alternatives. The model is applied to the analysis of residential location choice behavior using a sample of households drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey (BATS) data set. Model estimation results obtained from the GSCL are compared against those obtained using the standard multinomial logit (MNL) model and the spatially correlated logit (SCL) model where only correlations across neighboring (or adjacent) alternatives are accommodated. Model findings suggest that there is significant spatial correlation across alternatives that do not share a common boundary, and that the GSCL offers the ability to more accurately capture spatial location choice behavior.     

农产品可追溯体系的感知与参与行为的实证研究:苹果种植户的案例

通过对江苏省丰县263户苹果种植户的实证调查,研究了生产农户对农产品可追溯体系的感知、参与行为和影响因素。结果表明:22%的被调查的苹果种植户已参与了农产品可追溯体系且认为,可追溯体系的益处是提高了苹果的质量和安全性,难点是增加了种植的复杂程度与生产成本;显著影响苹果种植户参与可追溯体系行为的主要因素是农户对农产品可追溯体系的认知、学历等个体特征和农户家庭的苹果净收益、苹果质量认证认可、生产的垂直一体化程度与信息记录状况、政府的支持政策等生产条件和环境特征。     

汇率变动与贸易余额——基于政策干预和预期因素的模型分析和实证研究

文章重点讨论了政策干预下的汇率走势,以及预期因素作用下进口商和消费者的行为模式,在假定马歇尔—勒纳条件成立,汇率变动完全传递给贸易品价格的条件下,研究了汇率变动和贸易余额的关系。认为在政策干预和汇率走势形成稳定预期的条件下,汇率升值不但不能减少贸易逆差,反而扩大贸易逆差,反之反是。文章通过一系列实证检验和对比研究,发现上述作用机制在2005年7月至2008年6月的中美贸易中能够较好地成立。     

涉外农业企业应对汇率风险的策略选择

基于有关文献的梳理,本文提出了一个汇率风险反应行为概念性模型,并通过对130家中国农业企业的调查发现,模型基本刻画了涉外企业应对汇率风险的一般行为模式,运营策略、财务策略、签约策略和贸易融资是涉外农业企业规避汇率风险的主要手段。同时,对农业企业应对汇率风险的效果进行了简要评价,总结了农业企业汇率风险反应行为的特点和趋势。在此基础上,对进一步的研究提出了展望。     

城市游憩空间意象营造实证研究——以南昌市为例

城市游憩空间意象营造对城市游憩空间规划设计有重要意义。提出了＂游憩意象综合体＂理念,以南昌市为例,从＂游憩意象综合体＂运行的4个主体要素,即游憩意象元、游憩意象点、游憩意象廊和游憩意象域出发,对城市游憩空间意象营造进行了实证研究,为我国城市游憩空间规划设计提供新的思路和理论指导。     

旅游开发与徽州古村落公共空间的互动影响研究

独特的地理历史环境孕育了徽州浓郁的文化氛围,但是随着旅游业的发展,也暴露出一系列的问题,其中很关键的一点是旅游开发对村落中原有的公共空间的影响以及村落公共空间的变化对旅游发展的反馈。这个互动过程中受影响最大的就是徽州的村民,如何做到徽州文化的完美呈现,又能尽量保障当地村民在公共空间活动的权益是社会普遍关心的话题。通过徽州公共空间的转移来研究民众生活与旅游发展的冲突,旨在探索中国文化乡村的旅游开发与新农村的公共空间建设的合理途径。     

城市外来务工者休闲行为特征与影响因素的职业差异——以苏州市为例

和谐发展理念下,城市外来务工者的休闲行为成为社会关注焦点。根据城市外来务工者不同职业所表现出体闲行为差异性。开发适应其需求的休闲产品,对提升城市外来务工者休闲活动水平具有重要意义。文章通过市场抽样调查方法,分析苏州市6类外来务工者休闲行为特征差异,结果表明,6类职业群体在休闲目的、体闲活动内容、休闲交通工具、休闲消费占收入比重等4个方面存在一定得差异性;研究还发现,影响外来务工者休闲活动的主要限制性因素是经济、时间、工作繁重、休闲服务质量、社会公众偏见和交通等6个方面;最后提出消除影响外来务工者休闲活动的限制因素,提高休闲活动质量的相关措施。     

高职技能课程中运用心态教育方法的实践与研究——以《餐饮服务与管理》课程为例

本文本着以能力为本位,社会需求为导向的职业教育理念,针对学生特点和行业需求,提出以心态教育方法来促进和推动教学质量.