A Model of Reputation in Cheap Talk*

We study a dynamic game of advice where the sender's preferences are unknown to the receiver. The novel feature of the model is that there is more than one type of biased sender. We show that the more equal the proportions of different biases in the sender population, the greater the credibility of the information transmitted. Somewhat surprisingly, however, we also find that the receiver does not benefit from this equality. We discuss our results in the context of political lobbying and show that institutions that increase transparency lower lobbyists' incentives for truthtelling, but unambiguously promote the policymaker's welfare.     

基于SPCA的我国地区发展评价和分析

唯GDP的考核方式造成了诸多问题。采用稀疏主成分分析构建了新的地区发展评价指数。研究表明,采用该方法是适合的,构造的指数不仅克服了大多数指数权重设置的主观性,能够有效分析地区综合发展水平,而且有利于透视地区发展各个方面存在的不平衡以及历史演进过程。     

航次决策知识及其表示方法构建

为了加强航运企业对以往积累知识的利用,本文在对航次决策领域知识进行详细研究的基础上,构建了一种三层次知识对象表示方法。针对航次决策静态常识性知识、动态经验性知识,本文分别构建了基础知识对象、过程知识对象;然后针对获取特定航次决策知识问题,本文构建了经验知识对象进行求解。最后,本文借助构建好的知识表示方法对益海船务公司积累的业务知识进行表示,同时开展了相应的应用研究,验证了表示方法的有效性。     

Share the Gaze: representation of destination image on the Chinese social platform WeChat Moments

ABSTRACT

This paper explores photos and texts posted by tourists on the Chinese social media networking site WeChat Moments, which is an important complementary data source when examining the representation of the destination image. The research applies Aggregated Maps and Social Semantic Networks to analyze the graphic and textual image of the tourist destination Zhangjiajie on WeChat Moments, as well as the relationship between the two forms. The findings are: (1) photos construct an image of the destination as a mountain area with natural scenery and artificial landscapes; (2) texts reflected a multilayer image with a core and subset; (3) photos and texts echoed each other and their differences contributed to an interactive interpretation. The similarities and differences between photos and texts stimulate a discussion about the internal logic of representation.     

Dynamics of public opinion and policy response under proportional and plurality elections

We compare the patterns of adjustment of government policy to changes in public opinion in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. These countries are similar in many ways, except that the United Kingdom has plurality elections and single-party government, while the Netherlands has proportional representation (PR) and coalition government. This provides the first application of the Macro Polity approach to a country with PR elections. We find that government policy in the Netherlands is highly responsive to public opinion. This cannot be the result of alternation of government, but instead must be the result of some other process, such as coalition bargaining. In the United Kingdom, however, the dynamic of adjustment is far more complex. Alternation of government does not produce responsiveness, but rather seems to get in the way of it. This leads to an over-correction dynamic in which policy can be out of line with public opinion for long periods of time.     

Distorted representation in visual tourism research

Tourism research has recently been informed by non-representational theories to highlight the socio-material, embodied and heterogeneous composition of tourist experiences. These advances have contributed to further reflexivity and called for novel ways to animate representations. On this background, this article develops the notion ‘distorted representation’ to illustrate that blurred and obscure photos can in fact be intelligible and sensible in understanding tourism. Through an exploration of the overwhelmed and unintended practices of visual fieldwork, distorted representation illustrates how photographic materialities, performativities and sensations contribute to new tourism knowledges. While highlighting the potential of distorted representation, the article posits a cautionary note in regards to the influential role of academic journals in determining the qualities of visual data. The article exemplifies distorted representation through three impressionistic tales derived from ethnographic research on the European rail travel phenomenon: interrail.     

Constitutional Implications of Electoral Assumptions

The paper discusses the implications of three models of elections (the median voter model, the proportional representation model, and the probabilistic voting model) on three functions of constitutional rules (constraining the majority of the people, monitoring political and bureaucratic agents, and keeping separate the levels of constitutional rules and of ordinary politics).     

基于极端梯度提升树算法的测井曲线重构方法

南海西部海域油田测井资料采集过程中经常会出现测井曲线缺失的问题,为油气层测井解释精确评价带来了较大困难。为解决该问题,基于XGBoost算法综合利用测井、气测录井资料实现测井曲线重构。该方法支持处理稀疏数据,并且通过网格搜索实现模型参数自动优选。通过在靶区对比不同机器学习算法以及不同测井曲线的重构效果,该方法的调参难度低、计算精度高,可以有效提高曲线重构的工作效率。将该方法应用到南海西部油田低阻水淹层识别工作中,取得了良好的应用效果。     

The shrivelled USA: representing time–space in the context of metropolitanization and the development of high-speed transport

On the one hand the present globalisation process has only been made possible through a reduction in time–distances allowed by high-speed transport, and particularly through the development of air transport. On the other hand the metropolitanization process seen as the urban counterpart of globalisation is deeply associated with the development of air transport.Understanding distances between places is a fundamental task for the geographer, while the representation of distances constitutes one of the major functions of cartography.Among the types of maps invented to represent time–space, distorted projections were supplemented with time–space relief cartography in the 1990s. This paper proposes a representation of the time–space relief of the USA considering terrestrial and air modes. This constitutes a key innovation in this type of cartography, giving the possibility of creating a representation of global time–space. The metaphors associated with the images proposed are then discussed evoking the shrinking, the crumpling and finally the shrivelling of time–space. The shrivelling metaphor takes account of the complicated contraction/expansion movement that high-speed transport impacts on space and allows for a rich interpretation of the time–space relief map of the USA in the perspective of the processes of globalisation and metropolitanization.