Dissolving the Moral Dilemma of Whistleblowing

The ethical debate on whistleblowing concerns centrally the conflict between the right to political free speech and the duty of loyalty to the organization where one works. This is the moral dilemma of whistleblowing. Political free speech is justified because it is a central part of liberal democracy, whereas loyalty can be motivated as a way of showing consideration for one’s associates. The political philosophy of John Rawls is applied to this dilemma, and it is shown that the requirement of loyalty, in the sense that is needed to create the moral dilemma of whistleblowing, is inconsistent with that theory. In this sense, there is no moral dilemma of whistleblowing. This position has been labelled extreme in that it says that whistleblowing is always morally permitted. In a discussion and rejection of Richard De George’s criteria on permissible whistleblowing, it is pointed out that the mere rejection of loyalty will not lead to an extreme position; harms can still be taken into account. Furthermore, it is argued that the best way is, in this as in most other political circumstances, to weigh harms is provided by the free speech argument from democracy. Lars Lindblom is a Ph D. student in philosophy at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. He has worked as a business ethics consultant and has written on efficency, workplace inspections and business ethics.     

English and Chinese language ambiguity

This article from the Voice of Ambiguity, Lexical Ambiguity and Ambiguity in the three aspects of the grammatical structure of English and Chinese languages are compared ambiguity And analysis. Ambiguity in English and Chinese language through the comparison, resulted in two languages to explore the reasons for ambiguity; analysis of the characteristics of English language ambiguities; Research Should not be some ambiguity on how to avoid the emergence of the phenomenon.     

机载环境下的语音端点检测

由于传统的语音端点检测方法仅以信号的短时能量、过零率等简单的单一特征作为判决特征参数,这些方法在实际应用中,很多都无法满足系统的需要。针对机载环境下的带噪语音进行研究,在传统方法的基础上作了两点改进:把短时能量和过零率结合为一个特征即短时能零积,并把其和短时自相关函数结合起来作为端点检测的特征参数。对于短时自相关的门限,不是利用传统的主副峰比值,而是利用达到副峰的时间间隔作为判决门限。通过对不同信噪比的机载环境下的带噪语音进行试验仿真,发现这种方法比单一的特征参数更有优越性,效果更明显。     

我们拿什么面对“四种危险”——学习胡总书记讲话有感

2011年7月1日胡锦涛主席在党的90岁生日之际,回顾历程和取得的伟大成就,并提出了我们党所面临的"四种危险",我们8000多万党员怎么样去面对这"四种危险"?我们只有"勿以恶小而为之"常常警免自己。唯有如此,我们才能摆脱"四种危险"     

Dialogue speech in linguo-didactic interpretation

One of the most important problems of language teaching is developing students' speaking skills, which is considered to be in a close relation with stimulating their cognitive abilities as a whole. Expressing one's ideas in a foreign language presupposes possession of a minimum of lexical and phraseological units that can allow reading, speaking, listening and writing on the level required by educational cumcula. Continuous and constant learning of a particular number of words and phraseological units can be achieved only in case of their regular use in speech. In other words, the criteria of identifying the level of students' knowledge is the number and the quality of lexical and phraseological units they learnt.     

移动电子商务环境下基于语音的数字签名应用

随着移动电子商务应用的普及,保证信息安全是一个亟需解决的技术问题。数字签名技术可以用来解决这一问题;同时考虑到移动终端设备的输入特性和语音信号的唯一性、难丢失性,将人的语音信号与数字签名技术相结合——在DSA数字签名算法的基础上,将数字化处理后的语音信号作为其私钥使用。这样既保证了移动电子商务环境下信息的安全性,又充分实现了在移动终端上使用密钥的便利性。     

从语境因素看就职演说的语言特征

就职演说的语言选择和语言特征受社会文化语境和情景语境因素的影响,是为达到演讲的效果和实现演讲功能服务的。     

英语话语中的停顿问题及对策

我国大学生在英语话语中停顿不恰当现象较多,应加强语音课上的意群教学,培养学生的意群意识,让学生了解意群的划分,掌握话语中的停顿规则,提高英语学习质量。     

试论古代汉语汉字的隐性和显性

隐性和显性之说在汉语言文字里具有普遍性,在汉字、语音、词汇、语法等诸方面均有体现.隐性和显性之说可以用来解释汉语言文字中不少难以说明的现象.我们应当用新的视角对此学说予以关注.     

Infotainment and the Moral Obligations of the Multimedia Conglomerate

When the Federal Communications Commission considered revamping its policies, many political activists argued that media conglomerates had failed to meet their duties to protect freedom of speech. Moveon’s dispute with CBS over its proposed Superbowl advertisement and Michael Moore’s quarrel over distribution of his documentary, Fahrenheit 911, are cases in point. In matters of pure entertainment, the public expect companies to avoid offensive programming. The press, on the other hand, may well be forced to offend some audience members in order to create a viable forum for political dissent. As journalism and entertainment are increasingly inter-linked, an in depth moral analysis of the media corporation and its obligations becomes increasingly important. I explore Kantian, Utilitarian, and Rawlsian analyses of corporate obligation in the aforementioned cases. I then examine whether or not these results suggest anything more generally about the sorts of mission statements and ethical policies that ought to be endorsed by media conglomerates and whether non-business institutions also require changes. Ultimately, I suggest that at a minimum, media institutions should view the duty to promote the representation of diverse views in a democracy as an imperfect moral and civic duty rather than making programming decisions solely by reference to profit. Ideally, greater access to media access should not be increased for the most powerful unless doing so at the same time increases free speech opportunities for those who currently have the least access.