要素导向的大尺度城市设计编制流程及控制方法研究——以天津滨海核心区西部城区实践为例

2017年实施的《城市设计管理办法》为中国城市设计带来了新的机遇,同时也因将研究重点转向更大的尺度而给相关实践带来了新的挑战。为此,以天津滨海核心区西部城区为例,提出了基于要素控制并结合城市发展时序的大尺度城市设计编制流程。首先编制区域控制性城市设计,重点塑造区域整体结构和空间秩序,形成理想化的设计蓝图;进而编制实施性方案,落实控制性方案的设计策略并面向区域现状和实际需求进行深化调整;最终面向近期开发地块,编制开发建设方案,指导具体建设。同时对城市设计的要素控制方法进行了探讨,结果显示,编制流程和要素控制机制可使大尺度城市设计的理想蓝图层层深入,逐渐走向对具体地块的开发引导,完成从整体结构控制到项目建设方案控制的过程。     

迁移理论的基础:“理解人口学”的分析框架

根据学者布如金所提出的人口理论研究新范式,在对其进行概括和拓展的基础上,提出了“理解人口学”的分析框架。同时综合部分迁移研究的成果,融合不同研究方法,从四个层次:迁移行为的概念假设、迁移行为的发端、迁移行为的外部环境和迁移行为的时间纬度,为人口迁移行为分析提供了-个跨学科的研究视野。     

Can Federal Grants Mitigate Social Competition?

The European economic integration leads to increasing mobilityof factors, thereby threatening the stability of social transferprograms. This article investigates the possibility to achieveby means of voluntary matching grants both the optimal allocationof factors and the optimal level of redistribution in the presenceof factor mobility. We use a fiscal competition model a la Wildasin(1991) in which states differ in their technologies and preferencesfor redistribution. We first investigate a simple process inwhich the federal authority progressively raises the matchinggrants to the district choosing the lowest transfer and alldistricts respond optimally to the resulting change in transfersall around. This process is shown to increase efficiency ofboth production and redistribution. However, it does not guaranteethat all districts gain, nor that an efficient level of redistributionis attained. Assuming complete information among districts,we derive the willingness of each district to match the contributionof other districts and we show that the aggregate willingnessto pay for matching rates converges to zero when both the efficientlevel of redistribution and the efficient allocation of factorsare achieved. We then describe an adjustment process for thematching rates that will lead districts to the efficient outcomeand guarantee that everyone will gain. (JEL Classification:H23, H70)     

高技术企业创新能力评价——以河南省企业为例

企业的技术创新是一项系统工程,若想进一步提升河南省企业的技术创新能力,单独依靠创新主体自身是难以实现的,应充分考虑到各项政策措施之间的依附和制约关系。构建企业技术创新能力评价指标体系,运用层次分析法等适当的评价方法,对河南省高技术企业的技术创新能力进行了客观评价,为及时调整河南省企业技术创新战略提供了依据,从而有利于企业技术创新能力的提升。     

“Itô's Lemma” and the Bellman Equation for Poisson Processes: An Applied View

Using the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, we derive both a Keynes-Ramsey rule and a closed form solution for an optimal consumption-investment problem with labor income. The utility function is unbounded and uncertainty stems from a Poisson process. Our results can be derived because of the proofs presented in the accompanying paper by Sennewald (2006). Additional examples are given which highlight the correct use of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation and the change-of-variables formula (sometimes referred to as ``Itô's Lemma'') under Poisson uncertainty.     

基于流程的装备制造业复杂产品成本控制研究

中国装备制造业在区域经济和国家经济中的地位目益重要,但成本控制困难、目标利润难以实现成为制约我国装备制造业发展的关键因素,如何有效地控制成本,成为迫切需要解决的问题。装备制造业复杂产品具有复杂产品系统的特性,其产品流程与大批量生产的产品完全不同,这使得用于大批量生产产品的成本控制理论无法在装备制造企业中发挥作用。论文对装备制造业复杂产品的特性进行了分析,认为对供应链上的主要供应商进行前馈控制是装备制造业复杂产品成本控制的关键点,针对成本的控制难点,提出了基于流程的装备制造业复杂产品成本控制模型,并对模型的应用进行了探讨。     

农产品绿色供应链流通模式及运作流程研究

我国是农产品的生产和消费大国,随着农产品流通行业的迅猛发展,农产品安全及其所造成的环境污染问题越来越突出,农产品生产消费中的绿色化问题关系到经济的发展、环境的改善和国民的健康生活,本文认为,绿色供应链流通模式是解决这一问题的有效方式。文章首先对绿色供应链研究进行了综述,探讨了农产品绿色供应链流通模式的内涵;然后结合当前我国国情实际,提出了农产品绿色供应链流通构建模式,并从绿色设计、绿色采购、绿色生产、绿色营销和绿色物流五个方面分析了农产品绿色供应链的运作流程;文章最后提出,应从农产品流通信息体系、农产品物流体系、农产品标准化、政策扶持和供应链组织模式的优化等五个方面确保农产品绿色供应链流通模式的有效运行。     

Implementing technology roadmapping with supplier selection for semiconductor manufacturing companies

The rapid pace of technological innovation in the semiconductor manufacturing industry has necessitated the acquisition of competitive advantage from strategic technology planning. The vital requisite for this is well-timed investment including the replacement of old equipment with advanced new equipment. In such investment, selecting the appropriate semiconductor manufacturing equipment from the appropriate supplier is a key factor for successful technology planning. Therefore, equipment supplier selection should be taken into account in the technology planning of semiconductor manufacturing companies. One of the most widely used tools for technology planning is the technology roadmap (TRM). However, conventional TRMs have not considered the task of supplier selection. To address this limitation, this study proposes an extended, four-layered TRM that adds the layer of equipment supplier to the conventional layers of market, product, and technology. The equipment suppliers to be included in the new layer are selected from the supplier portfolio matrix composed of two performance axes: supplier performance and equipment performance. The candidates of equipment suppliers are placed on the supplier portfolio matrix according to the values of two axes determined by evaluation using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The proposed TRM is expected to be useful for technology planning by adding a consideration for equipment supplier selection in semiconductor manufacturing companies.     

基于结构突变理论的我国货币法流通速度的长期趋势

本文利用结构突变理论，对我国狭义、广义货币流通速度的数据生成过程进行了实证研究，结果表明：改革开放以来，我国狭义、广义货币流通速度服从于单位根过程，数据生成过程并未发生结构突变，因而基本保持了持续下降的“稳定态势”。     

企业自主创新能力的发展路径及其适用性分析

本文分析了企业培养自主创新能力的不同路径,认为从微观角度看主要存在3条路径：一是通过引进、消化吸收,对引进技术进行重大改进;二是通过对参考标杆实施反求工程,独立模仿开发重大技术;三是在科学研究基础上开发原创技术。本文对这3条路径的过程特性进行了剖析和比较,并结合我国企业培养自主创新能力的典型案例,对3条路径在我国企业的适用情况及其原因进行了分析。