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41.
Weipeng Fang Jiansong Wu Yiping Bai Laobing Zhang Genserik Reniers 《Process Safety Progress》2019,38(4):e12051
With rapid urbanization in China, many underground utility tunnels have been established these years. This huge underground construction facilitates city life, but may introduce societal risks due to the installation of high-risk pipelines. Natural gas pipelines have the potential to cause catastrophic accident if a gas leakage and a subsequent explosion occurs. The potential hazards in the gas compartments of a utility tunnel are quite different from those in conventional directly buried gas pipelines. This study developed a dynamic quantitative risk analysis method for natural gas pipelines in a utility tunnel. First, potential accident scenarios of natural gas pipelines situated in a utility tunnel were identified and implemented in a Bow-tie diagram based on case studies of typical gas pipeline accidents and expert experience. Then, a Bayesian network was established from the Bow-tie diagram using a mapping algorithm. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the results of probability updating and sensitivity analysis, critical influencing factors were identified. The proposed framework provides a predictive analysis of the gas pipeline accident evolution process from causes to consequences and examines key challenges in gas pipeline risk management in utility tunnels. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog: e12051 2019 相似文献
42.
Incorporating inherently safer design (ISD) into a process safety program can benefit a site's overall process safety program. However, ISD solutions are rarely capable of being implemented without consideration of various tradeoffs associated with other critical operating factors at a plant. Critics have often accused companies of failing to implement ISD solely on the basis of cost, often neglecting other factors that must be accounted for in the decision. Multiattribute decisions are difficult to resolve, but there are tools available to assist the decision maker. One such tool that can be applied to provide insight into the implementation of ISD solutions is multiattribute utility theory (MAUT). MAUT is a structured approach that evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of competing solutions for a problem with multiple objectives. In this article, the concept of MAUT will be explained. Then MAUT analysis will be applied to three case studies where investigators have recommended incorporating ISD or technology into a process. Using MAUT analysis, the benefit of the proposed design change will be evaluated in a systematic, semiquantitative methodology that will demonstrate how the tools can help facility personnel understand and characterize the benefits of ISD. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Process Saf Prog 38:e12022, 2019 相似文献
43.
B2C中的信誉评级模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对信誉评级累加模型进行分析,指出了该模型具有诚信激励效用递减现象,并且分析了该现象存在的内在机理及条件;然后,提出了三种解决措施,以便减轻甚至防止诚信激励效用递减现象。通过仿真,证实了它们的有效性。 相似文献
44.
物流中心的选址问题在物流中心的规划设计中占有重要的战略地位,合理的物流中心选址方案可以有效地节约费用,提高企业的竞争力。文章针对第三方物流企业选址的要求,以物流中心收益最大化为目标,并同时考虑物流中心固定运营成本和可变运营成本以及退货所产生的损失费用等因素,建立了一个新的物流中心选址模型。并针对该模型,提出了一种改进的微粒群算法。 相似文献
45.
Cristina Mioara Vasile 《现代会计与审计》2008,4(12):52-57
This paper presents and analyses the differences in the eco-models implemented worldwide （such as whether and how carbon taxes being ＂recycled＂）, or in their efficiency parameters （inconsistent parameter values that account for different results）. This is the assumption that a real tradeoff exists between the production of environmental goods. The present article empirically proves that something must be given up in order to gain something else, and once equations are specified to trace out the path of the economy over time, the natural economic formulation of such equations will embody the notion of economic and bio-tradeoffs. 相似文献
46.
We present a parametric example of three-country advantageous redistribution with two Cobb–Douglas utility functions and one CES utility function for which the elasticity of substitution is 1/2. This paper indicates that the possibility of advantageous redistribution strongly depends on the three countries’ taste patterns, endowment distributions, and the elasticity of substitution. In particular, we will show with specific examples that greater difference between the donor and recipient’s taste patterns and a lower elasticity of substitution can increase the chance of advantageous redistribution. 相似文献
47.
This paper provides a model of beliefs representation in which ambiguity and unambiguity are endogenously distinguished in the maxmin expected utility model of Gilboa and Schmeidler (1989). Specifically, I first extend it by getting a representation of beliefs such that the probabilistic beliefs over each ambiguous event are represented by a nondegenerate interval, while the ones over each unambiguous event are represented by a number. I then suggest a behavioral definition of ambiguity. It provides a choice theoretical foundation for the Knightian distinction between ambiguity and unambiguity. 相似文献
48.
从顾客的角度出发,以物流服务效用为基础,通过建立企业利润与物流服务水平、物流服务价格的关系模型,分析了物流服务水平与顾客效用的关系,进一步帮助物流企业确定合理的物流服务水平及其相应的价格,最终更好地满足顾客的需求和获得更大的利润。 相似文献
49.
50.
随着科技的发展,社会分工的扩大以及组织机构的变迁,公用事业民营化已是大势所趋。本文通过剖析英、法、德以及台湾地区公用事业民营化的成功经验,来探索其对我国公用事业民营化的借鉴意义。 相似文献