试析现代企业工资制度

在市场经济条件下 ,工资作为人力资源的价格 ,其分配是否科学、合理 ,直接关系到员工的劳动积极性 ,影响着人力资源的合理配置。本文在分析了目前工资制度存在的问题的基础上 ,提出了建立现代企业工资制度的设想 ,全面分析了现代企业工资制度的内涵及其建立。     

外贸外资对我国地区工资差异的影响--基于动态面板模型的分析

本文使用1997-2008年我国(西藏除外)30个省、自治区和直辖市的面板数据,建立动态面板模型,分析外贸外资对我国地区工资差异的影响.实证结果表明,全国和东中西部地区工资均具有动态效应;全国和东部地区的外贸外资会对地区工资产生显著性影响;中部地区的外资会对地区工资产生显著性影响,而外资对该地区工资的影响不明显;西部地区的外贸外资投资对地区工资均没有产生显著性影响.长期外贸的发展可以降低全国和东部地区工资水平、提高中西部地区的工资水平.长期外资的发展可以提高全国和东中西部地区的工资水平.     

Price/Wage Staggering and Persistence: A Unifying Framework

Abstract.  In this paper, we provide a general unified framework to clarify the issue of persistence of real effects of money shocks in staggered wage/price models. We mainly aim to: (i) highlight which features of the underlying economy, and particularly of the labour market, are crucial for generating output persistence; (ii) analyse the differences between price and wage staggering.     

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR STICKY WAGES

Abstract. The paper compares three different types of theoretical explanation of 'sticky'wages. They are implicit contracts, efficiency wage models and insider/outsider models. It then reconsiders Keynes'rationale for sticky wages, which focuses on relative wage issues. Finally, the paper considers possible directions for future research.     

Social distance between workers: An application to Italian geographic areas

This paper is concerned with the measurement of social distance, clustering, or polarization between workers of a given society. This concept is fundamentally different from that of inequality and thus cannot be measured by any Lorenz consistent index. Similarly, it cannot be additively decomposed into within - and between -group components using classical techniques. A new decomposition method is proposed and applied to Italian workers. The method provides an index that can be used both to calculate the distance between social groups classified according to worker characteristic and to track changes across time. The new method also reveals the factors that are reshaping the wage distribution and allows us to identify precisely where these effects are having their greatest impact.
JEL classification: D30, D63, I32.     

Exact Utilities under Alternative Monetary Rules in a Simple Macro Model with Optimizing Agents

We construct an optimizing-agent model of a closed economy which is simple enough that we can use it to make exact utility calculations. There is a stabilization problem because there are one-period nominal contracts for wages, or prices, or both and shocks that are unknown at the time when contracts are signed. We evaluate alternative monetary policy rules using the utility function of the representative agent. Fully optimal policy can attain the Pareto-optimal equilibrium. Fully optimal policy is contrasted with both naive and sophisticated simple rules that involve, respectively, complete stabilization and optimal stabilization of one variable or a combination two variables. With wage contracts, outcomes depend crucially on whether there are also price contracts. For example, if labor supply is relatively inelastic, for productivity shocks, nominal income stabilization yields higher welfare when there are no price contracts. However, with price contracts, outcomes are independent of whether there are wage contracts, except, of course, for the nominal wage.     

Examining Industry Effects for Truck Drivers

Disaggregating truck drivers by industrialclassification, rather than using a private carriagefor hire distinction, a significant wage gap isfound between drivers in trucking services and driversin all other industries. The premium for drivers intrucking services is largest relative to drivers inwholesale and retail trade and agriculture, who aremost likely to be true private carriage drivers. Drivers in construction and mining, less likely tomeet the true definition of private carriage, havesmaller wage disadvantages. This suggests that thewage gap between for-hire and private carriage driversmay be underestimated in other research.     

The Living Wage and the Effects of Real Minimum Wages on Part-Time and Teen Employment

In many parts of the country, campaigns are being carried out and laws are being passed whose aim is to establish, among other things, standards for contracting out public services and setting acceptable living wages that will provide employees decent living standards. Living wages have economic consequences on employment of different groups of workers such as part-time, teenagers, and women and detailed data are needed to measure those effects. In the absence of such data and because of the strong link between living and minimum wages, this study tests the potential impact of living wages by using the model of minimum wages. The study documents a negative and significant relationship between real minimum wages and the employment levels of the various groups. The study also recommends better training and education, free competition in the labor market, and fair compensation based on the workers productivity as justifiable means to achieve a sustainable level of living wages without causing an unemployment repercussion.     

低技能低工资人员激励方式初探

分析了低技能低工资人员的基本特征 ,调查总结出其关注的6个热点问题。针对这6个热点问题并结合低技能低工资人员的基本需求和特点 ,提出了将企业目标 ,个人需求有效结合起来 ,通过多层次的激励手段 ,对低技能低工资人员进行激励方式 ,并总结出激励模型。     

China''s State-Owned Enterprises in the First Reform Decade: An Analysis of a Declining Monopsony

We study the evolution of employment and wage outcomes in Chinese SOEs during the first decade of economic reforms, using a panel of data for almost 1000 enterprises covering the years 1980–90. Unlike the 1990s, which were marked by growing labor redundancy in the SOE sector, we find that CPE-fostered capital-intensity remained so extreme during the 1980s that workers' marginal products exceeded their full wages, just as in a classical monopsony outcome. Consistent with reasoning about the impact of competition upon monopsony, however, we find the marginal product-wage gap declined in the face of market-oriented reforms, and that monopsony was weakest where the state sector's shares of industrial output and enterprises were lowest, and for smaller enterprises and enterprises managed by lower levels of government. Our analysis also supports Xu and Zhuang's (1996) finding that bonus payments increased enterprises' revenues by more than it did their costs.