Relative risk aversion, relative prudence and comparative statics under uncertainty: The case of (μ, σ)‐preferences

From the expected‐utility approach, relative risk aversion being smaller than one and relative prudence being smaller than two emerge as preference restrictions that fully determine the optimal responses of decisions under uncertainty to certain shifts in probability distributions. We characterize the magnitudes of relative risk aversion and relative prudence in terms of the two‐parameter, mean‐standard deviation approach. We demonstrate that this characterization is instrumental in obtaining comparative static results in the two‐parameter setting. We further relate our findings to the results in the expected‐utility framework.     

Working-time reduction and employment: experiences in Europe and economic policy recommendations

The paper seeks to evaluate the evidence on the employment effectsof the collective working-time reductions in Europe over thepast 20 years. While theoretical analyses produce contradictoryassessments, most empirical studies show positive employmenteffects but take insufficient account of these conditions underwhich the reductions in working time were implemented. Theseconditions for the success of collective working-time reductionsinclude an active training policy designed to minimise skillshortages in the labour market, the modernisation of work organisation,wage increases in conjunction with productivity gains and amore equal income distribution.     

Multiple generation product life cycle predictions using a novel two-stage fuzzy piecewise regression analysis method

Product life cycle (PLC) prediction plays a crucial role in strategic planning and policy definition for high-technology products. Forecast methodologies which can predict PLCs accurately can help to achieve successful strategic decision-making, forecasting, and foresight activities in high-technology firms, research institutes, governments, and universities. Over the past few decades, even though analytic framework strategies have been proposed for production, marketing, R&D (research and development), and finance, aiming at each stage of PLCs, forecast methodologies with which to predict PLCs are few. The purpose of this research is to develop a novel forecast methodology to allow for predictions of product life time (PLT) and the annual shipment of products during the entire PLC of multiple generation products. A novel two-stage fuzzy piecewise regression analysis method is proposed in this paper. In the first stage, the product life-time of the specific generation to be analyzed will be predicted by the fuzzy piecewise regression line that is derived based upon the product life-time of earlier generations. In the second stage of the forecast methodology, the annual shipment of products of the specified generation will be predicted by deriving annual fuzzy regression lines for each generation, based upon the historical data on the earlier generations' products. An empirical study predicting the life-time and the annual shipment of the 16 Mb (Mega bit) DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) PLC is illustrated to validate the analytical process. The results demonstrate that two-stage fuzzy piecewise regression analysis can predict multiple generation PLT and PLC precisely, thereby serving as a foundation for future strategic planning, policy definitions and foresights.     

Optimal Contracts for Central Bankers: Inflation versus Money Supply and Exchange Rate Targets

Some recent papers have shown how a simple contract can eliminate the inflationary bias of discretionary monetary policy. This paper shows that if the central banker is risk averse, a contract in terms of money is superior to one in terms of inflation. The paper also shows that, if the central banker cares about his reappointment, an exchange rate target might always leads to the implementation of the optimal policy.     

资金时间价值解读--关于资金时间价值计算的归纳分析

资金时间价值是现代财务管理的重要价值观念,因此,个人和公司的大部分财务决策都要考虑资金的时间价值。对于资金时间价值的计算,在财务管理教科书中虽然已作了讲解,但作进一步归纳分析仍有必要。本文正是在上述基础上,结合对财务管理的学习,尽可能地利用标有相关现金流量的时间轴对资金时间价值的计算予以归纳分析,描述虽不够完整,但希望对财务管理初学者有一点帮助。     

建筑物整体平移新技术施工中的质量管理和工期管理

新技术建筑工程往往没有相应的设计和施工技术规范，在施工中如何进行质量管理和工期管理是一个崭新的课题。本结合建筑物整体平移工程施工中的管理经验，简单讨论了新技术建筑工程施工的特点和质量管理和工期管理。     

The Research of the Construction Time on City Infrastructure Projects

The project construction time is not sufficiently considered in the decision-making procedure of the extant city infrastructure project all over the world. From the principle to increase benefit from the investment, the paper discusses the influence of construction time on benefit from investment, the condition of the optimal construction time, the method to confirm the optimal construction time, etc., under the increases of market demand, the paper establishes mathematics model between the construction time and the project benefit, and the model involves the project age, the construction time, the capital cost, the market demand, the discount rate and so on. Finally, the paper quantitatively analyzes the influence characteristics and degrees of construction time to the project profits, and the method to determine the optimal construction time of a project under different market demand .To emphasize that, the paper researches on Chinese cases, but, the conclusion put forward has the widespread significance to the time choice on city infrastructure project of other countries.     

从源头上构筑顶岗实习质量保障体系

顶岗实习是高等职业教育不可或缺的教学环节,要确保顶岗实习质量,必须从理念转变、方案设计、教学延伸、利益维系等方面构筑顶岗实习质量保障体系。