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21.
产业技术创新战略联盟:研发战略联盟的产业拓展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
产业技术创新战略联盟是以企业为主体、以市场为导向、以利益为纽带的新型技术创新组织形态,是研发战略联盟在产业层面的拓展。文章从战略联盟理论出发,分析产业技术创新战略联盟的特征和使命,并提出构建其应注意的几个战略问题:突出产业技术创新战略联盟的产业特征;注意构建产业技术创新战略联盟网络中的战略金三角;选择合理的产业技术创新战略联盟的运行模式;构建联盟成果的分享机制和联盟风险分担机制。 相似文献
22.
基于城市视角下新能源汽车产业技术创新效率评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在能源和环境问题日益凸显的情况下,新能源汽车的发展无疑为我国汽车产业的发展提供了新 的契机。借鉴区域和产业技术创新效率评价研究范式,结合新能源汽车特点,论文有针对性 地选取评价指标,以11个新能源汽车主要推广城市创新数据为基础,在城市视角下应用主成 分分析与DEA的组合方法,定量评价了其技术创新效率。通过对投入产出数据的DEA有效性进 行对比分析,发现这11个城市的整体技术创新效率偏低,主要是受规模效率与纯技术效率交 叉作用影响,且普遍存在新产品开发投入冗余、研发支出投入过多、企业规模不合理和资源 利用效率不高等问题。最后根据分析结果进一步提出了对策建议。 相似文献
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24.
Scarcity, regulation and endogenous technical progress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Raouf Boucekkine Natali Hritonenko Yuri Yatsenko 《Journal of Mathematical Economics》2011,47(2):186-199
This paper studies to which extent a firm using a scarce resource input and facing environmental regulation can still manage to have a sustainable growth of output and profits. The firm has a vintage capital technology with two complementary factors, capital and a resource input subject to quota, the latter being increasingly scarce through an exogenously rising price. The firm can scrap obsolete capital and invest in adoptive and/or innovative R&D resource-saving activities. Within this realistic framework, we first characterize long-term growth regimes driven by scarcity (induced-innovation) vs. long-term growth regimes driven by quota regulation (Porter-like innovation). More importantly, we study the interaction between scarcity and quota regulation. In particular, we show that there exists a threshold level for the growth rate of the resource price above which the Porter mechanism is killed while the scarcity-induced growth regime may emerge. Symmetrically, we also find that there must exist a threshold value for the environmental quota under which the growth regime induced by scarcity vanishes while the Porter-like growth regime may survive. 相似文献
25.
Brain drain or brain bank? The impact of skilled emigration on poor-country innovation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The development prospects of a poor country or region depend in part on its capacity for innovation. In turn, the productivity of its innovators, whom are often concentrated around urban centers, depends on their access to technological knowledge. The emigration of highly skilled individuals weakens local knowledge networks (brain drain) but may also help remaining innovators access valuable knowledge accumulated abroad (brain bank). We develop a model in which the size of the optimal innovator Diaspora depends on the competing strengths of co-location and Diaspora effects for accessing knowledge. Then, using patent citation data associated with inventions from India, we estimate the key co-location and Diaspora parameters. The net effect of innovator emigration is to harm domestic knowledge access, on average. However, knowledge access conferred by the Diaspora is particularly valuable in the production of India’s most important inventions as measured by citations received. Thus, our findings imply that the optimal emigration level may depend, at least partly, on the relative value resulting from the most cited compared to average inventions. 相似文献
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27.
IT企业研发人员胜任力模型的构建及其在招聘中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在研究胜任力模型与招聘的关系的基础上,以C公司为例,构建了IT企业研发人员的胜任力模型,并阐述如何在实际招聘中应用,这对于类似企业具有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
28.
数据包络分析能对决策单元的有效性进行评价。本文应用数据包络分析的C2R模型,对仓库的运作效率进行研究。选取某部的8个备件仓库为样本,基于C2R模型计算结果,得到一些有价值的仓库运作管理方面的信息。 相似文献
29.
《Socio》2023
The effectiveness of the European Union's Cohesion Policy in reducing regional socio-economic gaps remains an open empirical issue, while evidence as to how the policy is affected by specific territorial factors and which social groups benefit most from it remains sparse. This article seeks to address this gap by disentangling the impact of the European Social Fund (ESF) on youth education and employment prospects. Drawing on macro-level data for the European NUTS-2 regions, we assess the impact that this fund has on different education-specific youth population shares and employment rates. In the case of education, we find that the receipt of funding is associated with a human capital polarization of regional populations. Specifically, we identify a positive impact of the ESF on population shares with lower-secondary and tertiary education, and a simultaneous negative impact on the share of those with upper-secondary education. In the case of employment, we find a positive response for youth of all education levels. A heterogeneity analysis indicates that both the education and employment responses of the youth population to the receipt of the ESF are strongly influenced by local specialization in high-skilled activities. 相似文献
30.
《Socio》2023
In the current context in which many people worry about the sustainability of pension systems, reverse mortgages are gaining popularity because they are a way to supplement elderly people's incomes. However, it is necessary to provide banks with an adequate risk measurement and management procedure for reverse mortgages to increase the commercialization of these products, which will result in greater well-being for the retirement age population. In this paper, we propose a method to measure risk and estimate the regulatory capital requirements for a portfolio of reverse mortgages owned by a financial institution according to Basel II and III. The method considers house price risk, mortality risk and interest rate risk; consequently, regulatory capital requirements need to be computed using a Monte Carlo simulation procedure. The proposed method is general and can accommodate several scenarios for reverse mortgage specifications, including fixed or variable mortgage rates and different income stream schemes (with the lump sum as a particular case). The results for the U.K. show that reverse mortgage providers face higher risk when the lender initially advances a higher amount, with the lump-sum case indicating the highest risk, for relatively younger borrowers, the female population, higher interest rates and floating mortgage rates. 相似文献