Banks’ non-traditional activities under regulatory changes: impact on risk,performance and capital adequacy

Using the big six Canadian chartered banks quarterly financial statements and daily stock market data from 1982 to 2018, we examine the impact of non-interest income on Canadian banks’ risk, performance and capital under the different major regulatory changes made to the Bank Act of Canada. Our results show that Canadian banks’ expansion into non-traditional activities had slightly decreased their risks and significantly improved their performance benefitting from income diversification. Moreover, while adhering to capital adequacy regulation, reshuffling banks’ portfolio towards non-traditional activities did not reduce Canadian banks’ capital ratio. In spite of the re-regulation towards universal banking against ring-fencing, this feature buttresses the effectiveness of capital adequacy regulation in Canada in linking banks capital allocation with their risk taking.     

从性别角度探究福建茶叶产业的工资收入问题

本文在国内外文献研究的基础上，运用经济学及社会学的方法，从性别分析的角度对福建茶叶产业工人的工资收入问题做定量分析。分析结果显示教育与培训对工资收入影响不大，性别因素间接影响工资收入，地区因素直接影响福建茶叶产业工资收入，分析结果具有一定的政策含义。     

公共产品缺乏是造成住房价格偏高的重要原因

近年来，我国住房价格不断上涨，但房价仍在消费者承受范围内；房地产开发企业并未出现普遍的暴利行为；居民人均购房与建房支出占家庭收入的比重也没有明显的增加。由于公共产品不足，居民家庭教育和医疗支出所占的比重迅速提高，消费者对未来收入和支出的不确定性预期增强，购房能力相对下降。消费者越来越不敢花钱，也就越来越觉得住房价格高，因此，公共产品缺乏是造成住房价格偏高的重要原因。     

农村公共产品供给与农民收入的相关性分析

当前,农民对农村公共产品的依赖性不断增强。但是,由于多种因素的制约,中国农村公共产品供给存在公共产品供给数量严重不足、供给结构失衡等问题。为此,应加大农村基础设施建设投入,明确划分各级政府供给公共产品的责任,构建农民对公共产品的需求表露机制等,创新农村公共产品供给制度,增加农村公共产品供给。     

对农业发展银行改革的思考

中国农业发展银行运行绩效的好坏直接关系到整个农村金融安全体系的构建，事关“三农问题”的最终解决。通过深入分析农业发展银行改革的目标和原则，可发现农业发展银行存在的问题，提出了其运行绩效的一些具体建议。     

论新形势下收入分配中"效率与公平"关系

“效率与公平”是收入分配中一对永恒的矛盾。应当根据不同时期经济社会发展的形势采取不同的指导方针,作者根据当今社会经济发展的新形势,提出了调整收入分配上的“效率优先”原则,改行效率与公平并重,实现效率与公平的统一。     

我国现阶段居民收入分配差距的现状、成因及治理对策研究

收入分配过大不仅背离了社会公平和正义,而且直接侵害了人民群众的切身利益.因此,解决收入差距过分扩大问题意义重大.解决的思路是：树立正确的公平分配观,完善制度建设,把＂公有制分享经济运行机制＂引入初次分配,加大再次分配的力度.     

对缩小收入差距问题的远近期思考

国际上通常使用基尼系数作为衡量一个国家或地区收入差距的重要标志。我国居民收入基尼系数不仅高于国际通行标准，也高于发达国家。收入差距扩大已经成为影响消费规模扩大、社会安定的重要因素之一。一般认为，经济发展会进一步扩大收入差距。治理并缩小收入差距应标本兼治：短期内可以依靠收入转移、完善社会保障系统等手段；从长期看，深化经济体制改革、促进经济健康稳定发展才是缩小乃至逐步消除收入差距的根本途径。     

Study on the clustering of a typical industry：a case of apple industry in Shaanxi Province, China

The apple industry in Shaanxi Province is a resource-based industry; compared to the best productiveregions at home and abroad, it is advantageous in high quality as well as geographical and natural resources. Currently,big changes have occurred in the apple market supply-demand relations; long-term and comprehensive shortage haspassed; the buyer＇s market has come into being; competitions in the domestic market are fierce. At the same time, theforeign apple will impact on the domestic market, increasing competitive pressure. Foreign anti-dumping measures,green barriers and technologies restrict the exportation of the domestic apple. Based on successful experience of otherindustrial clusters, this paper analyzes the existing problems in the development of Shaanxi apple industrial cluster,combining empirical analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, proposes specific policy recommendationsand get the conclusions. First, the characteristics of the agricultural industrial cluster are analyzed; Shaanxi appleindustry is characterized by cluster. Second, the rapid development of Shaanxi apple industrial cluster exposes someproblems. Third, we need the government to control the disorderly competition of Shaanxi apple industry.     

我国人口结构变化、资本偏向型技术进步与劳动收入份额演变 ——基于1990-2017省际面板数据的研究

在我国老龄化程度加深及出生率下降的背景下,从CES生产函数出发,构建理论模型,试图从人口结构、技术进步偏向角度探索我国劳动收入份额的演变机制。并通过我国1990-2017年省级层面数据的研究,表明我国要素间是互补的,技术进步偏向资本,我国人口结构的变化——老年抚养比上升及少儿抚养比下降对我国劳动收入份额产生了负面的影响。同时,我国技术进步的资本偏向性特征,降低了我国劳动收入份额。在控制了其他因素、分区域及剔除异常值进行检验后,结果仍然显著。