重渡沟"景区公司+农户"的旅游产业组织模式研究

重渡沟"景区公司 农户"模式是一种基于农村社区的旅游产业组织方式,其本质就是互补品生产企业在不涉及产权的情况下,在经营层面上实现的一体化,是旅游目的地内部具有地方政府背景和主导地位的景区开发管理公司为实现地方旅游业持续发展而作出的必然选择。公司对农家旅馆的低价格定价、质量管理以及对农家旅馆市场的垄断都是对产权缺失的一种弥补。"景区公司 农户"模式有效地约束了机会主义行为的发生,保证了旅游目的地的健康、持续发展。     

风景旅游型都市的空间开发途径--以杭州市为例

根据对杭州市空间开发历程和国外空间开发模式的分析,论述杭州市在建设风景旅游型都市的过程中,需要进一步把行政区域的空间扩大优势,转变为城市社会、经济、空间、环境的全方位耦合优势,进行科学、合理、可行而具有超前性的城市空间开发.     

Integrating ecosystem services into conservation assessments: A review

A call has been made for conservation planners to include ecosystem services into their assessments of conservation priority areas. The need to develop an integrated approach to meeting different conservation objectives and a shift in focus towards human wellbeing are some of the motivations behind this call. There is currently no widely accepted approach to planning for ecosystem services. This study contributes towards the development of this approach through a review of conservation assessments and the extent to which they include ecosystem services. Of the 476 conservation assessments identified by a set of search terms on the Web of Science, 100 were randomly selected for this review. Of these only seven had included ecosystem services, while another 13 had referred to ecosystem services as a rationale for conservation without including them in the assessment. The majority of assessments were based on biodiversity pattern data while 19 used data on ecological processes. A total of 11 of these 19 assessments used processes, which could be linked to services. Ecosystem services have witnessed an increase in attention received in conservation assessments since the year 2000, however trends were not apparent beyond this date. In order to assess which types of ecosystem services and how they have been accounted for in conservation assessments, we extended our review to include an additional nine conservation assessments which included ecosystem services. The majority included cultural ecosystem services, followed by regulatory, provisioning and supporting services respectively. We conclude with an analysis of the constraints and opportunities for the integration of ecosystem services into conservation assessments and highlight the urgent need for an appropriate framework for planning for ecosystem services.     

Behavior in one-shot traveler’s dilemma games: model and experiments with advice

We report results of one-shot traveler’s dilemma game experiments to test the predictions of a model of introspection. The model describes a noisy out-of-equilibrium process by which players reach a decision of what to do in one-shot games. To test the robustness of the model and to compare it to other models of introspection without noise, we introduce non-binding advice. Advice has the effect of coordinating all players’ beliefs onto a common strategy. Experimentally, advice is implemented by asking subjects who participated in a repeated traveler’s dilemma game to recommend an action to subjects playing one-shot games with identical parameters. In contrast to observations, models based on best-response dynamics would predict lower claims than the advised. We show that our model’s predictions with and without advice are consistent with the data.      

应对国外反倾销：民间商会不能缺位

面对国外对中国出口商品愈演愈烈的反倾销之势,有效发挥民间商会组织的优势与职能,给企业以依托, 已是打赢反倾销战的关键。因此,应鼓励和加大民间商会的建设力度,利用其特点与优势,充分发挥其职能,以在应对国外反倾销中居于有利地位。     

A brief technology assessment of the Carbon Dioxide effect

Significant increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are occuring as a result of fossil fuel combustion. More than a four-fold increase over preindustrial levels may occur by the year 2100. Heating of the atmosphere, changes in precipitation patterns and global storm paths, and other resulting effects are sure to cause significant social changes. This article is essentially a methodological case study demonstrating a useful but inexpensive type of technology assessment. It summarizes current research findings on “the CO₂ effect,” and presents hitherto unpublished findings that resulted from a brief but systems-oriented approach. These findings suggest that most published forecasts of phenomena associated with a CO₂ buildup may be systematically low because various positive feedback relationships are not reflected.     

三峡库区发展高效生态农业的途径和对策

论述高效生态农业在三峡库区建设和移民安置中的战略意义。从三峡库区实际出发，分析库区高效生态农业发展的现状和难点、机遇和方向。指出高效生态农业的发展不仅能给库区移民带来显著的经济效益，促进库区农业、环境、社会的持续发展，而且能确保三峡工程建设顺利进行和长治久安。并针对目前库区农业存在的问题，提出了库区农业高效生态化及产业化的发展对策。     

天津滨海新区区域经济特点、问题与对策

开发滨海新区是天津市经济发展的重大战略决策。经过7年的高速发展滨海新区已经形成了经济区的基本框架,成为天津市经济的龙头。本文综合分析了滨海新区的区域经济特点及其在发展过程中存在的矛盾和问题,在此基础上提出了加强区域经济持续发展能力建设的对策和建议。     

中国古代的和谐思想与构建和谐社会

中国传统文化源远流长、博大精深,其中有关"和谐"的思想非常丰富,如保合太和,以和为贵,天人合一,致虚静、道中庸,等等.这些思想既是中国传统文化的精髓和被认同的人文精神,又是今天我们实现社会和谐,构建和谐社会的重要思想资源.本文主要是从人总是生活于人与社会、人与人、人与自然、人与自身的四维空间之中,以及目前我国在现代化建设方面遇到的种种挑战的角度来梳理、审视中国古代和谐思想的,这无疑具有一定的历史和现实意义.     

论以粮换林换草与河西地区的可持续发展--以武威地区为例

分析了武威地区可持续发展的主要生态环境问题,讨论了生态恢复与重建面临的困境,论证了以粮换林换草对促进区域可持续发展的必要性和有效性,指出了以粮换林换草中应进一步研究的问题,提出生态重建要坚持多措施并举。