基于城市群生成视角的都市农业发展研究--以长株潭为例

随着城市化水平不断提高,我国将进入城市群快速建设期。如何促进地理位置相近、交通便捷的城市间融合,是一个值得探讨的问题。实践表明,都市农业作为一种崭新的现代农业形态,在促进城市群生成、实现城乡融合工农互动方面意义重大。文章以长株潭为例,分析了都市农业的促进作用,剖析了发展都市农业的优势条件,对城市群生成期都市农业建设框架进行了设计,并提出若干发展对策。     

退耕还林对延安地区农业经济的影响

对延安地区11个农业县退耕前后耕地/播种总面积、种植业结构、农业投入、粮食、油料产量与单产量以及农民年均纯收入的变化进行了研究,探讨了退耕还林对延安地区农业经济的影响及其作用机制。退耕还林优化了农村的种植业结构与产业结构,全面带动了农村经济的发展。但仍然存在着一些亟待解决的问题,并给农村经济带来了一定的负面影响。     

资源枯竭型城市解决就业问题的新途径——以阜新市为例

我国资源枯竭型城市众多,就业形势十分严峻.辽宁省阜新市作为国务院确定的全国资源枯竭型城市经济转型的第一个试点,安置下岗失业矿工再就业最具有特色的渠道是发展都市农业.总结和肯定了阜新市的做法是资源枯竭型城市解决就业问题一条新途径、新规律,阐述了其他同类城市应该如何借鉴阜新市解决就业问题的经验.     

Agriculture–nutrition linkages with heterogeneous,unobserved returns and costs: Insights from Tajikistan

Agriculture–nutrition linkages (ANLs) have been increasingly investigated in the literature. However, nutritional returns and costs of household agricultural production practices (APPs) in semisubsistence settings are poorly understood. We fill these knowledge gaps using pooled cross-section data sets in Tajikistan, where semisubsistence farming and undernutrition coexist despite relatively good agricultural infrastructure and education systems. Agricultural diversification, yield enhancement, production expansion are positively associated with various nutritional outcomes, particularly in areas with poor food market access. Decomposition exercises suggest that nutritional returns and costs of these APPs vary across households, and the adoption of APPs is driven by the expected nutritional returns. In Tajikistan, improving nutrition through household ANLs requires growing the smallholder agricultural sector in multiple dimensions, including diversification, intensification, and expansion, while also understanding better the pathways of ANLs and addressing bottlenecks at appropriate stages of such pathways.     

Farming systems and Conservation Agriculture: Technology,structures and agency in Malawi

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is advocated as an agricultural innovation that will improve smallholder famer resilience to future climate change. Under the conditions presented by the El Niño event of 2015/16, the implementation of CA was examined in southern Malawi at household, district and national institutional levels. Agricultural system constraints experienced by farming households are identified, and in response the technologies, structures and agency associated with CA are evaluated. The most significant constraints were linked to household health, with associated labour and monetary impacts, in addition to the availability of external inputs of fertiliser and improved seed varieties. Our findings show that such constraints are not adequately addressed through current agricultural system support structures, with the institutions surrounding CA (in both Government extension services and NGO agricultural projects) focusing attention predominantly at field level practice, rather than on broader system constraints such as education and health support systems. Limited capacity within local institutions undermines long term efforts to implement new technologies such as CA. It is vitally important that the flexibility of farmers to adapt new technologies in a locally-appropriate manner is not closed down through national and institutional aims to build consensus around narrow technical definitions of a climate-smart technology such as CA. To enable farmers to fully utilise CA programmes, interventions must take a more holistic, cross-sectoral approach, understanding and adapting to address locally experienced constraints. Building capacity within households to adopt new agricultural practices is critical, and integrating healthcare support into agricultural policy is a vital step towards increasing smallholder resilience to future climate change.     

新疆农村产业融合发展研究

现运用面板回归模型结合产值贡献度的方法评价了新疆农村产业融合度,结果表明,新疆农业与农产品加工业融合度、农业与农业服务业融合度均较低。通过地理信息可视化表达发现,新疆农村产业融合度且存在明显的区域差异。最后,结合新疆农村产业融合发展所面临的困境,提出了需要完善农业教育服务体系;培育区域特色品牌;加强对各种利益联结方式的监督引导等建议。     

中国农业农村发展七十年:成就、经验与展望——中国农业经济学会第十次会员代表大会暨2019年学术研讨会综述

2019 is the 70 th anniversary of the founding of the people’s Republic of China and the key year for implementing the rural vitalization strategy.Summarizing the great achievements made by agriculture and rural areas in the past 70 years will have an important theoretical value for promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and the strategy of rural revitalization.Under such circumstances,the 10 th member congress and 2019 academic seminar of CAAE was successfully held in Beijing.The key to promote rural revitalization lies in deepening rural reform,focus on the property right system and market-oriented allocation of factors,and establish a system and mechanism of free circulation and equal exchange between urban and rural areas.In order to promote the organic connection between small-scale peasant and the modern agriculture,it is necessary to speed up the development of agriculture social service industry.Finally,it is suggested to adhere to the two-wheel drive of rural revitalizationand new urbanization,promote the effective coverage of rural public services,and improve the rural governance mode of combining autonomy,rules of law and virtue.     

黑土地保护性耕作发展的制约瓶颈和突破路径

保护性耕作是东北黑土地保护利用的有效途径,是落实"藏粮于地、藏粮于技"战略的重要抓手。新世纪以来,黑土地保护性耕作经历了从农机主导向农机农艺融合发展的历程,呈现出技术结构集成化、推广主体多元化、应用主体规模化的发展趋势。同时,在黑土地保护性耕作发展过程中,面临着来自于农户认知、技术结构、土地规模、推广体系、补偿机制等方面的现实障碍。因此,需要从提升农户认知水平、加强先进适用的技术研发与集成、推进农业生产经营方式创新、构建新型农技推广体系、加强政策引导与法制建设等方面营造黑土地保护性耕作的发展之路。     

绿色农产品消费行为影响因素分析及行为调查

绿色农产品供给是适应消费升级的一个重要路径,是农产品高质量提升的一个重要形态.中国农业资源产出有限且各类消费品都面临消费升级压力,探讨绿色农产品的消费行为影响因素对优化绿色农产品供给、提升农产品供给质量、增加消费有积极意义.通过影响区域绿色农产品消费的因素识别,以消费者购买决策的过程关键变量调查研究对象,通过经济欠发达...     

金融精准扶贫的回顾与思考

金融的盈利性与扶贫的公益性之间存在着矛盾和冲突,导致了参与积极性不高和资源效率等有所损失,因而需要提高金融服务的针对性.在分析金融扶贫中存在问题的基础上,提出了相应的建议:识别贫困的成因和环节,精准采取相应的扶持措施;更多的扶贫实务交由政策性金融机构;集中扶贫的资金和资源;有针对性地推广相应的金融产品和服务.