企业的全面业绩评价:考虑企业社会责任

首先提出社会贡献价值(SVC)这个概念,然后讨论了企业的社会贡献价值(SVC)、经济增加值(EVA)等和未来增长价值(FGV)等企业的"德智体"三者的关系;并基于这三个方面,采用因子分析方法全面评价企业业绩,最后得出结论和提出参考性建议。     

企业价值评价与知识增值的研究

价值分析是经济学中经常使用的一种方法,但在企业经营管理分析中却常被忽略。该研究将企业价值创造要素归结为劳动、知识和资本3种,通过对国内9个行业的实证研究及对四川托普软件股份有限公司的案例研究,建立起上述3种要素尤其是知识要素的测量方法,按照知识和资本维度对不同行业进行了分类,并归纳出企业的知识价值增值曲线。通过研究知识在企业价值创造过程中的作用,希望通过探讨知识的价值增值以促进企业分配制度的完善。     

生态化的创新法律体系研究

生态化技术创新需要有效的法律制度的支持,针对当前我国创新法律体系存在的问题,提出了构建生态化的创新法律体系的观点,并分析其构建的法理基础。生态化的创新法律体系主要由理念结构、体系结构和具体制度3个层面建构而成,其中国家创新战略、政府激励机制、市场激励机制以及风险规避机制属于需要重点关注的几个方面。     

中国上市公司的治理改进:2002-2006

文章以2002年和2007年我国上市公司的自查报告为基础,选择了18个指标构建了公司治理指数,并以此对我国上市公司的治理状况及其5年间的改进程度进行了综合评价。结果显示,治理指数与公司价值显著正相关,治理指数每上升1点,公司价值约增加0.3个百分点;5年间上市公司的治理水平有明显改进,这种改善总体上会带来公司价值的提升,但这一结论存在一定的内生性。进一步研究表明,上述治理改进的效果是股东权利、董事会与监事会、公司独立性和内控与激励机制等治理机制共同作用的结果。文章还发现,公司风险程度、融资需求、外部市场化水平、兼并或借壳上市等公司特征在一定程度上驱动了上市公司的治理改进。     

KIBS企业—顾客交互创新中知识整合的权变机制

引入过程互依性和项目不确定性,探讨了KIBS企业-顾客交互创新中知识整合的权变机制。基于338份服务创新项目问卷数据进行实证研究,结果显示:在KIBS企业-顾客交互四要素中,除规则正式化负向影响外部知识整合以外,决策集体化、资源共享和任务协作均正向影响内、外部知识整合;过程互依性增强了规则正式化、决策集体化和任务协作对内部知识整合的影响,但对资源共享与内部知识整合间关系的调节作用不显著;项目不确定性增强了规则正式化、资源共享和任务协作对外部知识整合的影响,但对决策集体化与外部知识整合间关系的调节作用不显著。     

不确定性与会计职业判断

市场经济是一个动态的、复杂的、开放的经济系统,在其运行过程中,存在着大量的不确定性因素.作为以价值形式对经济运行进行数量反映和质量分析的会计,必然存在着对会计职业进行判断的问题.本文从经济活动不确定性的成因与会计职业判断的项目要求的因果关系分析入手,强调提高会计人员的职业判断能力,减少经济活动的风险的必要性.     

The value of commuting time in an empirical on-the-job search model – an application based on moments from two samples

This article estimates the Value of Commuting Time (VOCT) among Swedish males in an empirical on-the-job search model. It uses a large sample of employee-establishment linked data obtained from administrative registers. The sample lacks information on mode choice for the journey to work. We therefore estimate a mode choice model on another sample and use this model to link the administrative data to the relevant set of travel times, costs and distances. The VOCT is found to be 1.8 times the net hourly wage rate in the sample. The relatively high estimate results from a high VOCT among cohabiting men.     

Economic structure and factor payments

There is a growing body of evidence that the labour payment share in national income varies across countries and over time, suggesting that the popular aggregate Cobb–Douglas production function may not capture income share dynamics. There remains conflicting evidence on the importance of natural resource rents among low income economies and on estimates of the rate of return to produced capital. This paper focuses on the structural differences among countries, confirming the importance of the agriculture sector in estimates of labour and land’s share of factor income based on 81 countries at diverse levels of economic development in the year 2005. I find that cross-country data are best modelled by a CES production function with an elasticity of substitution of 0.8 and that many low income countries have a higher return to capital than the United States.     

Cattle as a consistently resilient agricultural commodity

This study compares a range of agricultural commodities over periods of varying economic circumstances. These commodities are examined over three categories, including returns, risk, and contribution to portfolio optimisation. Consistency in these categories is determined over four equal three-year stages which comprise pre-GFC (Global Financial Crisis), GFC, post-GFC and post-post GFC. To demonstrate resilience in the most extreme circumstances, the study uses Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), which measures extreme risk in the tail of a distribution, as the risk measure and risk-return optimiser. The study thus provides a unique and comprehensive extreme-risk based focus which identifies and ranks the consistency of performance of agricultural commodities over a range of criteria and conditions. Cattle commodities consistently demonstrate the strongest overall performance in the categories examined.     

Micro evidence on international patenting

Globalization, high growth rates in high-tech industries, growing emerging markets and harmonization of patent institutions across countries have stimulated patenting in foreign markets. We use a simple model of international patenting, where the decision to patent in a foreign country depends on country characteristics and the quality of the patented invention. With access to a detailed database on individual patents owned by small Swedish firms and inventors, we are able to estimate some of these relationships and test their validity. Our results indicate that the propensity to apply for international patent protection increases with indicators of the quality of the invention, technological rivalry and market size in the host market.