产业集聚技术溢出与创新效应的经济学分析

溢出效应表现为从外部对经济主体带来利益或损失.本文讨论了产业集聚企业间技术创新相对溢出的问题,分析了产业集聚企业技术创新溢出效应,技术溢出与企业技术创新等问题,从而探求技术溢出与保护的博弈均衡途径.     

略论农民专业合作社法的经济法属性

从分析农民专业合作社法的部门法属性的必要性入手,在对农民专业合作社法所体现的经济法的一般属性分析的基础上,着重对农民专业合作社法的相关具体内容所体现出来的经济法"管理型"立法和"促进型"立法所具有的特殊属性进行具体分析,指明农民专业合作社法具有经济法属性.     

农村集体经济组织长期生存与制度变迁原因探讨——兼论人民公社的建立、失败与乡镇企业的改制

农村集体经济组织因其本身的重要意义而吸引着众多学者对其进行研究.研究农村集体经济组织变迁的目的不仅在于辨明集体经济组织的运行、变迁机理,更重要的是在此基础上预测其发展趋势.无论是改革开放前的人民公社,还是其后的乡镇企业,社区关联性都是其本质属性,即行为主体交往方式具有非匿名性、重复性、关联性等特点.理解经济组织不能仅仅关注组织内部,还要结合组织存在的制度环境,只有以此来解释农村集体经济组织的变迁过程,才能真正把握其本质及发展方向.     

略论经济增长由单纯依靠投资和净出口向二者与消费协调拉动的转变

在国内持续低消费的情况下,由于政府对投资和出口的过度激励,中国长期以来形成了主要依靠投资、净出口拉动的经济增长。主要依靠投资、净出口拉动的经济增长是不可持续的。实现经济增长主要依靠投资、净出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、净出口协调拉动转变的关键：一在于提高消费,二在于改变政府对投资和出口激励的方式与手段。     

Infrastructural change and secular economic development

Long-term economic development is determined by changes to the infrastructure, especially material and non-material infrastructural networks that link agents in different locations. The infrastructure consists of the slowly changing, collective arena that supports production, exchange, and consumption, such as the built environment, transport networks, and institutions. In the short run the infrastructure can be regarded as fixed. Changes to the infrastructure are under normal conditions small enough to be disregarded by producers and consumers. With the creation of a critical link of a network, there will however be a revolutionary restructuring of the arena. Critical links are here defined as additions to infrastructural networks that create opportunities for new information and transport flows between previously unconnected regions. Such a revolutionary restructuring of infrastructural networks has been called a logistical revolution. Certain institutional pre-conditions are necessary for a logistical revolution, while the creation of a critical link is both a necessary and a sufficient condition. This paper discusses the three logistical revolutions that occurred in the 13th century, around 1600, and in the 19th century, which each had crucial similarities with the current “information revolution.”     

Openness to trade as a determinant of the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution

Several theoretical and empirical studies on economic growth consider the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution between capital and labor as a measure of economic flexibility that depends on technological as well as institutional aspects. One institutional aspect of economic flexibility is openness to trade. I examine in a Heckscher–Ohlin model with two large countries trading intermediate goods how openness affects the elasticity of substitution. If the technology has a constant elasticity of substitution in a closed economy, opening up to trade raises the elasticity of substitution only in the country that accumulates capital at a faster rate.     

Comment on “On the openness to trade as a determinant of the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution”

This paper provides a comment on the analysis of the link between an economy’s openness to trade and its macroeconomic elasticity of substitution (ES) presented in Saam [Saam, M., 2008. Openness to trade as a determinant of the macroeconomic elasticity of substitution. Journal of Macroeconomics 30, 691–702.].     

Comment on “The endogenous aggregate elasticity of substitution for a small open economy”

This note applies the approach of Miyagiwa and Papageorgiou [Miyagiwa, K. and Papageorgiou, C., 2007. Endogenous aggregate elasticity of substitution. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 31, 2899–2919] to provide simple frameworks for endogenizing the aggregate elasticity of substitution between capital and labor for a growing small open economy.     

Vertical Innovation and Catching-Up: Implications of EU Integration for CEECs-5

We analyze the role of vertical innovation in trade patterns for developing economies trading with technologically advanced countries. A model is presented where the international diffusion of knowledge, promoted by economic integration, is the source of a technological catching up and leads to a convergence in the quality of traded goods, with a positive effect on exports. We then turn our attention on the evolution of trade between the Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs-5) and their European Union partner countries, assessing whether economic integration has increase the quality of the goods produced. For the period 1995–2005, we find evidence of the increasing role of intra-industry trade and vertical differentiation and a process of specialization in higher quality products, especially in the medium- and high-skill sectors.

Book production and the onset of modern economic growth

We provide a new data set on per capita book production as a proxy for advanced literacy skills, and assess this relative to other measures. While literacy proxies very basic skills, book production per capita is an indicator for more advanced capabilities. Growth theory suggests that human capital formation plays a significant role in creating the ‘wealth of nations.’ This study tests whether human capital formation has an impact on early-modern growth disparities. In contrast to some previous studies which denied the role of human capital as a crucial determinant of long-term growth, we confirm its importance.