Competition and Public Policy in the Nursing Home Industry

A theory of property needs to give an account of the whole lifecycle of a property right: How it is initiated, transferred, and terminated. Economics has focused on the transfers in the market and almost completely neglected the question of initiation and termination of property in normal production and consumption (not in some original state or in the transition from common to private property). The institutional mechanism for the normal initiation and termination of property is an invisible hand function of the market — the market mechanism of appropriation. Does this mechanism satisfy an appropriate normative principle? The standard normative juridical principle is to assign or impute legal responsibility according to de facto responsibility. It is given a historical tag of being "Lockean," but the basis is contemporary jurisprudence, not historical exegesis. Then, the fundamental theorem of the property mechanism is proven, which shows that if "Hume's conditions" (no transfers without consent and all contracts fulfilled) are satisfied, then the market automatically satisfies the Lockean responsibility principle — i.e., "Hume implies Locke." As a major application, the results in their contrapositive form, "Not Locke implies Not Hume," are applied to a market economy based on the employment contract. I show that the production based on the employment contract violates the Lockean principle (all who work in an employment enterprise are de facto responsible for the positive and negative results), and thus Hume's conditions must also be violated in the marketplace (de facto responsible human action cannot be transferred from one person to another — as is readily recognized when an employer and employee together commit a crime).¹     

论人力资本及其产权制度在我国的构建

把人力从“资源”提高到“资本”是一大进步。当人被作为资本对待时,它地位和作用也就发生了某种质的变化。人力资本作为不同于物质资本等其他非人力资本的一种客观存在,它成为一种产权之后便有着自己特殊的产权特征。人力资本及其产权的特征决定了人力资本的巨大作用。它可以促进经济增长和经济发展,从而推动生产力的发展。与此同时,人力资本也影响了社会组织的布局,影响到企业及非盈利组织和政府的方方面面。因此,在我国人力资本及其产权制度的构建已迫在眉睫。     

政治与生活：土地改革中的革命日常化——以皖西北临泉县为中心的考察

20世纪50年代初的土地改革运动不仅使共产党的权力触角伸到了乡村社会的最底层,也切实改变了乡村人的日常生活状态。在这样一场上下逐力的运动中,被改变的不仅仅是乡村社会,还有这原本外在于乡村的革命。土改工作队员们正是借助于在乡村的生活场景中,重新阐释革命的逻辑,使得革命一步步成为乡村人日常生活的内容,最终实现了革命的日常化转变。而乡村人也借助于工作队员们的情感动员,以及对革命场景的亲身体验,自觉或不自觉地将自己的生活慢慢向革命靠拢。一种新的革命化的社会生活方式也开始形成了。     

Islamist terrorism and the status of women

We investigate the effect of Islamist terrorist activity on women's legal position in society, using data for 171 countries between 1970 and 2016. To identify causal effects, we exploit the prevalence of Islamist terrorism in neighboring countries as an exogenous source of variation, arguing that regional terrorism affects local terrorism through contagion effects. We show that increased activity by Islamist terrorist groups is linked to lower legal status of women. By contrast, we find that neither Islam per se nor other types of terrorism have comparable effects. This reinforces the notion that Islamist terrorism is singularly interested and effective in weakening women's rights. Our results are consistent with a rational-economic model of terrorism, where Islamist terrorists purposefully use violence to maximize political utility, while governments make concessions that constrain the role of women because the costs of compliance are lower than the harm from continued Islamist terrorism.     

基于知识产权的组织间关系网络的演化特征

分析了基于知识产权的组织间关系网络的基本内涵和构成要素,将基于知识产权的组织间关系网络的生命周期划分为5个阶段——创立阶段、成长阶段、成熟阶段、衰退阶段和解散阶段,具体论述了各阶段的组织间关系网络的演化特征。以对450家企业的深度访谈和问卷调查为基础,通过描述性统计分析、因子分析以及多元方差分析来实证研究目标一致性、信息沟通以及信任等关系属性在各阶段的传递规律。研究结果表明,基于知识产权的组织间关系属性的顶峰阶段并非都出现在关系生命周期的成熟阶段。     

未决羁押制度研究

未决羁押制度是各国刑事诉讼活动中普遍适用的剥夺刑事被追诉人人身自由的强制措施,其具体是指有关刑事追诉机关在法院终局判决之前对被追诉人按照刑事诉讼法律相关规定予以羁押的刑事诉讼活动。无论是大陆法系还是英美法系均从保障被追诉人人权角度出发广泛建立了未决羁押制度,以期通过严格的法律程序防止羁押权滥用与保障被追诉人人身自由。然而中国迄今为止没有较完整意又上的未决羁押制度,而且出现了羁押权行使没有独立的司法审查机制介入等问题。因此确有必要对中国的未决羁押制度进行完善,从而实现刑事诉讼程序意义上的保障人权。     

环境污染侵权责任的认定及损害赔偿

环境污染侵权案件伴随着当代经济高速大规模发展日益增多,我国环境污染侵权责任制度已经建立了较好的基础,但在环境权确立、侵权责任认定以及责任方式与救济途径等方面仍然存在不少问题与缺陷。文章通过对上述问题进行阐述分析,借鉴国外先进理论与制度,提出了相应的对策。     

国有产权改制中政府与投资人的均衡策略研究

本文简要回顾了国有产权改制的研究背景与意义，利用动态博弈的思想构建了政策与投资者博弈的动态均衡模型，并对双方博弈均衡应采取的策略进行了分析，进而提出推进国有产权改制的相关政策建议。     

论财产权利的两面性

财产权利具有两面性,一方面它是反对专制特权、增进个人自由以及促进市场经济效率的有效手段;另一方面在没有任何制度制约的情况下,财产权利的垄断极易导致对劳动者权利的侵犯。因此,我们应当在社会公正和平等目标的指导下,通过增强政府、工会组织以及工人自身力量的权力制衡方法规范财产权利的作用方式,遏制其消极作用的发挥。     

浅析农村妇女在婚姻家庭中土地财产权益及法律保护

土地是农民生存和发展的根基,土地问题是解决当前"三农"即农村、农业、农民问题的核心.土地制度的建立完善和实施直接关系到国家农业产业的发展和农村社会、经济秩序的稳定.农村妇女由于传统习惯和文化素质的影响对土地的依赖性更强,所以对农村妇女土地权益的保护更为重要.《婚姻法》修正后对夫妻财产制度作了许多新的规定,特别是第39条第2款,"夫或妻在家庭土地承包经营中享有的权益等,依法应当予以保护"的规定,是婚姻法对夫妻财产制度的一个新的突破.目前,农村妇女土地权益受侵害的现象比较严重和突出,在一定程度上扰乱了农村的经济秩序和社会秩序,因此,关注农村妇女权益保护,对解决农村妇女土地承包权问题是非常必要的.