剩余索取权、剩余控制权与公有水务公司管理--一种解决农村集中供水的新模式

在迈向全面建设小康社会的道路上,农村社会经济的发展应当与城市享有同等地位,农村饮水安全也成为发展过程中迫切需要解决的问题。为了选择适合我国国情的公有水务公司模式,激励公有水务公司发展,对比了当今世界现存的主要供水管理模式,探讨了最优委托权与成员相对重要性的关系,并根据具体情况分析最优委托权的大小,最后尝试探讨最优委托权中剩余索取权与剩余控制权之间的分配机制,为相关管理部门更好地服务农村居民提供参考和借鉴。     

中国传统知识传承与保护的媒介——基于印度《传统知识数字图书馆》的分析

传统知识具有未以现代知识形态表达;是一种基于群体传统创生的“活体”知识;具有凝聚群体的原创性与族群身份的归属性;传继与发展依赖于其归属群体的言传身教;具有鲜明的地域性与相对公开性等特征。将传统知识纳入现代知识产权法框架予以保护有一个基础性障碍,那就是要使之成为符合现代文献检索特征的文献体系,而这正是图书馆的应有职能和使命。当前图书馆保存、传承、保护传统知识应采取如下措施：广泛开展传统知识的宣传教育;构建传统知识文献保存和服务体系;建立传统知识数据库和专题网站;积极参与传统知识的研究与调查。     

国企民营化与企业创新效率：促进还是抑制?

文章基于混合所有制改革的背景,从创新效率的视角考察了微观创新主体民营化前后创新行为的变化。研究发现,民营化抑制了企业的创新效率,企业的专利数量显著减少,这种影响在缺乏原国有大股东制衡、无系族的上市公司以及外部产权保护较弱的地区更加显著,而且相对于创业型企业,民营化企业的创新效率更低。进一步研究发现,民营化抑制企业创新效率的一个重要途径是关联交易显著增加、投资显著减少,民营化后非国有大股东更多地表现出掏空动机,减少了创新活动,降低了创新效率。文章的研究结论为理解民营化企业的效率提供了新视角,有助于我们正确认识和理解新兴转轨经济体的民营化行为,而且对于监管层如何推进混合所有制改革具有重要的政策启示。     

河南省城乡居民财产性收入实证分析

从党的十七大到十八大,中央政策对居民财产性收入的关注愈加强烈。数据显示,近十年,河南省城乡居民财产性收入增长迅速,但在总收入中的比重仍然偏低,且收入渠道较为集中,城乡二元特征显著,不同收入群体、不同区域之间的财产性收入差距也长期存在。为进一步增加居民财产性收入,既要努力扩大居民财产规模,又要优化投资理财环境,还要提升居民理财水平,同时努力缩小居民财产性收入差距。     

刍议网络社会中的言论自由——以“政府治理”为切入点

言论自由在很多国家被作为公民的基本权利写入宪法,通过这样的方式赋予其一国最高的法律保护。20世纪末以来,网络开始成为人们信息交流的新平台并开始逐渐改变我们的生活学习方式,这给政府对社会的管理带来了新的压力和挑战,网络社会中的言论自由以及政府的监管治理成为当今社会的重要研究课题。从言论自由的概念入手,分析我国网络社会中的言论自由以及对现阶段政府治理手段进行分析和研究从而提出对于政府治理网络社会中言论自由的完善措施。     

Economic Calculation: Private Property or Several Control?

Abstract

As the centenary of the 1917 Russian revolution approaches, it is worth reviewing the past 100 years’ discussion amongst economists on the possibility—or otherwise—of economic planning under socialism. The socialist calculation debate is of fundamental importance, not merely as a specialist application of economic ideas, but as an investigation of the foundations of economic activity. Every economic action is premised upon calculation, every choice depends upon an assessment of the costs and benefits of each alternative between which the agent must choose. The view of that choice and its attendant calculation is constitutive of the schools of thought—Marxian, neoclassical and Austrian—which have contributed to the debate. An understanding of the calculation debate is therefore required to understand how these paradigms stand in relation to each other. This article addresses one aspect of that debate—the claim by Austrian economists that socialism is impossible because the absence of private property in the means of production precludes economic calculation. The article suggests that several control rather than private property is required for economic calculation, and that several control is consistent with public ownership of the means of production. The Austrian argument on this point, therefore, is without force.     

Sharing a River

A group of agents located along a river have quasi-linear preferences over water and money. We ask how the water should be allocated and what money transfers should be performed. The core lower bounds require that no coalition should get less than the welfare it could achieve by using the water it controls. The aspiration upper bounds demand that no coalition enjoy a welfare higher than what it could achieve in the absence of the remaining agents. Exactly one welfare distribution satisfies the core lower bounds and the aspiration upper bounds: it is the marginal contribution vector corresponding to the ordering of the agents along the river. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D62, C71.     

The French Communication Industry Defined and Analyzed through the Social Fabric Matrix,the Filiere Approach,and Network Analysis

This paper examines the relative impact of economic freedom, civil liberties, and political rights on growth. A system of three simultaneous equations is used to unearth the channels through which these institutional dimensions affect economic growth. These include greater efficiency and enlarged investment in physical and human capital. The sample contains 79 countries and six periods covering the years from 1976 to 2005. The results show that the three dimensions of institutional quality are important for economic growth either through a better allocation of resources or, indirectly, through the stimulation of investment in physical and human capital.     

管理者信心与公司治理的有效性——基于我国上市公司管理者变更的经验证据

及时更换不称职的管理者是公司治理制度有效的重要标志。文章以2006-2008年沪深两市上市公司为研究对象,采用实证研究方法检验了公司治理参与主体的心理因素,管理者信心对其职位变更的影响。研究发现:管理者自信程度与因公司业绩欠佳导致的离职显著负相关,但在国有上市公司中,二者之间的关系并不显著;当公司所在地外部治理环境较差时,自信程度愈高的管理者愈可规避因业绩欠佳带来的离职风险。     

基于成本补偿的水权定价模型研究

为缓解水资源短缺危机,我国开始尝试水权交易,但在交易中存在价格扭曲的现象,挫伤农民节水积极性。因此,解决水权交易中的价格问题意义重大。结合我国水权和水权交易性质,提出水权定价的原则,分析水权交易涉及的各种成本,主要包括工程成本、风险补偿成本、生态补偿成本和经济补偿成本。在此基础上,采用完全成本法进行水权定价,并且区分水权交易期限不大于节(输)水工程的使用寿命与交易期限大于节(输)水工程的使用寿命两种情况讨论,给出水权定价模型。为水权交易中的价格制定提供理论基础和方法,有利于水权市场的完善和水资源的高效利用。