危机后期经济增长方式转变、指导思想与实践路径——必须依据马克思主义理论为指导克服危机

经济增长理论是社会经济增长的一种理论反映,源于斯密和李嘉图为代表的古典经济学,是二战后在发达国家广泛流行的经济理论。但是发达国家经济学家自身存在的认识论缺陷使其不可能科学完整的建立经济增长理论及模型,因此必须遵循马克思的方法论从理论为实际的反映入手建立科学模型,并指导中国经济结构以及产业结构的调整,特别是经济增长方式的转变实践中经济结构及产业结构的优化升级。     

小额贷款业务发展中的问题及转轨村镇银行的对策选择

小额贷款业务是对传统金融制度的一次创新,目前还存在着产品属性制约强、市场发展瓶颈大、贷款公司展基础薄、运行障碍多、帮扶效率低等诸多问题。我国目前试行小额贷款公司改制设立村镇银行的办法,需要借鉴小额贷款业务在国外发展的成功经验,结合我国农村金融发展实际,在小额贷款业务走向农村银行过程中采取放宽小额贷款公司股东数量限制、出台信贷业务准入规章制度以及尽快取消无抵押贷款的限制等对策措施,建立起合理、高效、服务农村经济发展的小额贷款制度。     

经济转型期广西跨越式发展的困境与出路

2012年广西GDP超万亿元,广西进入后3000美元时代。GDP超万亿元后广西将处在加快发展和经济转型的重叠时期,这一时期广西实现跨越式发展将面临瓶颈制约、结构束缚、体制障碍三个重大难题,而调结构、转方式是广西直面发展困境、破解发展难题的最佳选择。     

经济转型条件下的会计监管模式

目前，我国正处在经济转型过程当中，不完全改革引起了时而出现的宏观经济不稳定、就业得不到保证、越来越大的竞争压力、社会不公平的增加、难以削减的贫困以及严重的腐败问题，都与转型期的特点密切相关。而现代企业制度产生的双元控制主体的利益不一致、信息不对称，造成了现实中会计信息严重失真，影响了资本市场的有效运行。因此，引入以“政府为主导的会计监管模式”，可从源头上防范和治理腐败，保障现代企业制度的顺利实施，提高会计信息质量，维护市场经济秩序。     

Value Relevance of Environmental Provisions Pre‐ and Post‐IFRS

The purpose of this paper is to compare the value relevance of environmental provisions as recorded under Canadian/U.S. GAAP and IFRS accounting frameworks with consideration of the impact of voluntarily issuing stand‐alone sustainability reports. The value relevance of environmental provisions is tested using a modified Ohlson (1995) model. We exploit IFRS reconciliations as a quasi‐experimental setting to conduct this comparison. Results indicate that environmental provisions recorded under either framework only act as liabilities for oil and gas firms that release stand‐alone sustainability reports. For other firms in the oil and gas industry, and the mining industry, the liability nature of these provisions appears to be discounted by the market. Furthermore, for firms in the oil and gas industry that do not have stand‐alone CSR reports, provisions appear to be interpreted by the market as a costly signal about future growth. Instead of downwardly affecting market values, this information is associated with higher market values. In terms of the transition to IFRS, we find that, while the IFRS provisions are significantly higher than under former GAAP, they do not improve value relevance for investors. Accounting standard setters should consider examining the changes in the current standards from the original Canadian environmental provision reporting requirements under Capital Assets section 3060.39, as it was rightfully shown to be a relevant proxy for unbooked liabilities (Li and McConomy, 1999; Bewley, 2005) rather than earnings expectancy. The study builds upon prior research to examine the value of accounting standards that have gone through significant changes.     

Linking forestry, sustainability and aesthetics

In forest planning, little research has been devoted towards examining how visual-impact assessment can improve the public acceptance of forest activities and augment forest sustainability. The objective of the present work is to review the methods of aesthetic assessment of forest landscapes, which will help the implementation of visual-impact assessment in sustainable forestry. From the numerous techniques of landscape evaluation that have been devised in recent years, the expert approach techniques have dominated in environmental management practices and the perception-based approach in research. The non-market economic valuation techniques are essentially trade-off methods and not aesthetic assessments by themselves. Revealed preference methods, such as hedonic-price, use actual market choices of individuals to get their preferences towards non-market attributes, and stated preference methods, such as contingent valuation method, rely on surveys to get directly the individual's willingness to pay for the non-market attributes. Psychophysical preference modelling is a popular quantitative holistic technique of landscape evaluation and if used in combination with indirect aesthetic evaluation methods might create new standards and protocols for techniques of objectively estimating public perception of aesthetic quality and thus to enhance social sustainability in forest space.     

生态文明制度建设背景下的森林可持续经营：研究与展望

森林经营制度是《森林法》的基础性制度,而森林可持续经营的制度化则是生态文明制度建设的重要内容。在《森林法》修改中,森林经营理念、森林分类经营、森林采伐限额、森林经营方案编制与森林生态补偿等问题成为关注焦点。从建设＂美丽中国＂的时代要求来看,森林可持续经营是谱写＂美丽中国＂的森林篇章,其制度设计应当服从生态文明制度的整体设计。因此,实现森林的可持续经营,应当成为《森林法》修改的基本任务之一。     

Trade Structure and Trade liberalization: The emerging pattern between the EU and Transition Economies

The purpose of this study is to find empirical evidence for the assumption that trade liberalization unlocks the potential of the Transition Economies (TEs) to achieve technological upgrading, productivity progress and catching-up (in terms of income). The study examines the trade structure now emerging between the European Union (EU) and the TEs in the light of two sets of differently liberalized trade items identified by the European Agreements. The aim is to determine whether trade liberalization has helped to supersede the structures – reflected mainly in the low quality of products – inherited by the TEs from the command economy. The empirical results are interpreted in the light of the Flam-Helpman quality-cycle model. We find evidence of an ongoing division of labor between high quality products (EU) and low quality products (TEs) according to a cycle. The first stage comprises the already well established dominance of quality advantage products by EU countries producing and exporting high-quality products, which crowd out the TEs' production of similar products. The second stage is the exploitation of cost-advantages by TEs in less liberalized trade, and there they appear to achieve better results. All these results may be taken as support for an active government in TEs.     

Topology of economic systems

An economic topology can have many uses to the academician, student and practitioner. Refining a topology of economic systems helps to bring together seemingly disparate characteristics and to point out potential long run trends. The progression of economic systems over time and also brief explanations of each system are given. We argue that most modem economic systems have some remnants of earlier forms, that is, most economies today are some mixture of what might be considered pure systems. Measurable characteristics to identify a particular system are developed that allows progress to or from a particular classification to be charted for individual countries.