世博会与城市发展的互动演化关系及其当代价值

研究表明,世博会与城市发展之间的互动演化关系贯穿了整个世博会的举办历史。世博会作为交流、展示和传播城市文化科技成果的平台,关注的焦点总是追随着城市创新的演化轨迹。当代城市创新以技术与文化艺术的渗透融合为主要特征,为满足价值活动的创新需求,世博会也在积极酝酿新一轮的功能转变。反过来,世博会的功能演化同样深刻影响着城市发展的方向。特别是当全球竞争重心向城市和区域转移时,世博会的地方化色彩逐渐浓厚,并被视为区域开发和城市增长的战略工具。然而,由于城市追逐资本的传统竞争模式因其不可持续性而饱受诟病,从而要求人们在全新的背景下重新审视当代世博会对于城市转型的价值意义。现身说法地践行世博会主题倡导的内容,积极探索功能转变的新方向,是时代赋予2010年上海世博会的责任与使命。上海应以此为契机,通过提高地域竞争优势、探索区域合作的制度创新、发展文化创意经济和现代会展业,尽快融入全球城市网络体系。     

柳州市城市供水方案探析

应用多元层次分析法,分别从柳州市自然概况、水资源开发利用现状及供水需求等方面进行了分析和总结,分析了积极开发其他水源工程建设的必要性,并提出了初步供水方案.同时,对柳州市城市供水施工条件、运行管理、环境影响和经济效益等诸多方面作了初步探讨.     

基于MapX的城市交通系统最优路径的研究与应用

文章论述了根据城市交通的特点,以Mapx为基础建立适用于城市交通的道路拓扑结构,并在此基础上考虑车流量、道路最高限速等因素,寻求从出发地到目的地所需时闻最短的路径。     

基于断裂点理论的皖江城市吸引范围研究

掌握城市带之间的吸引范围,有利于空间经济相互地合理组织与城市的空间发展。应用空间相互作用理论,城市规模分布等方法,可以分析皖江城市带各城市的综合实力,确定各自的吸引范围,讨论对南京对皖江城市带吸引范围的影响,阐述吸引范围同行政区域的关联性和差异,并对不同区域下的城市发展策略选择提供相关的对策建议。     

百货商店之于城市发展的价值探析

探讨了百货商店对于城市发展的价值,可以从百货商店在城市发展中所起的作用对百货业进行重新定位,提高对百货业的重视程度,更好更快地推动百货业发展。首先介绍了百货商店的产生,然后分析了百货商店在推动城市发展过程中所起的作用,接着探讨了百货商店对于城市的价值,以及对于城市居民的价值,最后,文章认为城市的发展会推动百货业的发展,而百货业的发展壮大会更加带动城市的发展。     

城乡居民收入变迁对经济增长影响的实证分析

本文根据1985~2010年的经济数据,利用协整理论、误差修正模型和 Granger 因果检验等方法对城乡居民收入与经济增长之间的互动关系进行了实证分析.研究表明,从长期来看,农村居民收入与经济增长之间存在长期稳定的双向因果关系,而城镇居民收入与经济增长之间只存在单向的因果关系,而且农村居民收入增长对经济增长的促进作用强于城市居民收入增长带来的作用;短期内农村居民收入增长对经济增长经历了先阻碍后促进的过程,而城市居民收入增长虽不断促进经济增长,但是促进的作用逐渐下降.因此,在持续增加农村居民收入的同时,也要兼顾城市居民收入的增长.     

Tourism,Urban Governance and Public Space

Abstract

This paper considers the relationship between tourism development, urban governance and urban public space. It focuses on the way that ‘new urban governance’ mediates the activities and interests of mobile capital and consumption on the one hand, and the spaces of everyday life on the other which are increasingly subject to ‘urban renaissance’ strategies and spectacularizations as tourist attractions. By drawing on research undertaken in York, England, the paper illustrates the socio‐spatial issues at stake for urban centres that have used tourism and culture as major drivers of economic development. Finally, it challenges the axiomatic status of the local/tourist dualism in various tourism management discourses as being inadequate for understanding how tourism articulates with socio‐spatial mobility generally, and how this raises difficult issues in relation to urban citizenship and the governance of urban public space.     

Urban Residents' Perceptions of Environmental Impacts

This article examines urban residents' perceptions of environmental impacts in the city of Pigeon Forge, Tennessee. The study vies to contribute to knowledge concerning how citizens in Tennessee view tourism and its impact on the environment. A mail survey was administered to 400 registered voters. Factor analysis, Cramer's V statistical measures of association, chi-square tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients were employed for the analysis and interpretation of the data. Tests and associations support three hypotheses; residents' perceptions of the impact of tourism are influenced by employment status and short-term residency. Greater lengths of residency, age, and annual income do not influence residents' perceptions.     

Regional productivity variation and the impact of public capital stock: an analysis with spatial interaction,with reference to Spain

In this article, we examine whether variations in the level of public capital across Spain's Provinces affected productivity levels over the period 1996 to 2005. The analysis is motivated by contemporary urban economics theory, involving a production function for the competitive sector of the economy (‘industry’) which includes the level of composite services derived from ‘service’ firms under monopolistic competition. The outcome is potentially increasing returns to scale resulting from pecuniary externalities deriving from internal increasing returns in the monopolistic competition sector. We extend the production function by also making (log) labour efficiency a function of (log) total public capital stock and (log) human capital stock, leading to a simple and empirically tractable reduced form linking productivity level to density of employment, human capital and public capital stock. The model is further extended to include technological externalities or spillovers across provinces. Using panel data methodology, we find significant elasticities for total capital stock and for human capital stock, and a significant impact for employment density. The finding that the effect of public capital is significantly different from zero, indicating that it has a direct effect even after controlling for employment density, is contrary to some of the earlier research findings which leave the question of the impact of public capital unresolved.     

Social mobility and inequality in urban China: understanding the role of intergenerational transmission of education

China’s rapid economic growth since the late 1980s has been accompanied by great economic and social transformations, which have resulted in a sharp increase in income inequality. This article contributes to the literature of social mobility in China by examining the impact of parental education on the education of their children. Using the 1990 and 2000 Chinese Population Censuses, we employ nonparametric estimation strategies to provide a systematic investigation of intergenerational transmission of education in urban China. We find evidence of increasing parents–children educational correlations. Our results raise concerns regarding economic inequality in urban China as high intergenerational persistence of education is expected to be a barrier to equal opportunities in children’s education attainments and their future labour market outcomes.