Managing the energy trilemma of reliability,affordability and renewables: Assessing consumer demands with discrete choice experiments

In response to the looming climate crisis, many countries are adopting technologies to reduce the accumulation of greenhouse gases. However, national energy policies are often multiobjective and resolution deeply divisive. The result is a policy trilemma between the energy mix and the trade-offs with other policy objectives, including cost and reliability. Utilising a discrete choice experiment (DCE), the objective of this study is to explore Australian household preferences for alternative electricity contracts containing features reflecting changes in future energy policy. The first set of features include investments in renewable generation and community-based energy storage. The second set of features reflect demand-side management policies, including installing smart meters and consumption limits being imposed on households during peak demand. Two versions of the DCE were developed to obtain both willingness to pay and willingness to accept estimates for the same features. In line with the literature, differences in the two sets of estimates were observed, with the willingness to accept estimates being statistically larger for some features. These dollar value measures can be used to support public policy decision-making – the choice of which depending on the context of the policy problem being considered.     

城市绿地的滞蓄效应及其空间分布特征 ——以沈阳为例

快速的城市化过程导致城市内绿地面积迅速减少，绿地所具有的拦截、渗透和存储降雨径流的滞蓄功能逐渐被削弱。城市内部绿地的滞蓄能力大小及其空间分布特征成为城市雨洪管理的重要研究内容。计算了绿地的滞蓄能力，并根据相关标准中50年一遇的降雨量评估了沈阳市绿地的滞蓄效能，得出绿地滞蓄能力对滞蓄效能有显著影响。然后分析了不同绿地滞蓄能力存在差异的原因及剩余的滞蓄潜力。最终结合沈阳市绿地滞蓄潜力的空间格局提出了绿地优化的建议。     

碳中和背景下基于企业转型的氢储能经济分析

为了探寻解决可再生能源弃能问题和实现企业碳中和的有效途径，构建风电、光伏-氢储能混合系统。在碳中和目标下，提出基于碳中和目标下的成本-效益模型，从寿命周期成本/效益、年度平均成本/效益和平准化能源成本/效益6个角度出发，研究氢储能的经济性。结果表明，风电、光伏-氢储能系统的年度平均效益和平准化能源效益较好，系统建设方案可行，可为后续的企业能源结构调整提供可行方案。     

江水源热泵技术在黄浦江建筑群中的应用研究

江水源热泵技术需要以江水为载体，在综合评价了黄浦江水水质的基础上，得出了该技术在上海地区的可行性。把江水源热泵系统与冰蓄冷技术相结合，使其比传统的冷却塔方式更节能环保。在工程中采用了综合能效测评法，计算出制冷系统COP和制热系统COP系数，使节能量值得信服。     

Energy storage strategy analysis based on the Choquet multi-criteria preference aggregation model: The Portuguese case

With the increase in renewable energy generation and its problems related to output instability, storage systems must be implemented in parallel to account for this effect. Therefore, it is valuable to deepen the study of these technologies’ performances in their several application tiers, thus understanding the potential of each alternative, both per tier and as a whole. For this reason, a collaborative multi-criteria decision-aiding framework is proposed to rank the various available options in several layers of the energy storage market, constructed alongside experts and policy-makers from each tier that serve as actors of the decision-making process and using Portugal as a case study. Based on the Choquet multi-criteria preference aggregation model, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this framework is an unprecedented application in the energy sector. Beyond a critical review of the results, a scenario analysis was performed to explore interesting future possibilities that may aid governments to make decisions in the search for an energy sustainable development. Chemical storage solutions, such as Hydrogen and Methane, as well as several electrochemical batteries, especially Lithium- and Nickel-based ones, were the standout energy storage solutions. Chemical storage was shown to have the desired characteristics for the Long-term grid tier. Meanwhile, batteries, including Redox Flow in the first case, have overperformed in the Microgrid and Mobility tiers. No standout solutions appeared in the Short-term grid tier. Unsurprisingly, the aforementioned chemical storage systems, batteries, and Hot Water have presented themselves as the most politically interesting technologies, due to their multipurpose uses and intrinsic characteristics.     

我国粮食主产区农业高质量发展的区域差异及收敛性分析

全面认识粮食主产区农业高质量发展差异的空间特性，为推动粮食主产区农业高质量的协调发展提供有益启示。本文从新发展理念出发，构建农业高质量发展综合评价指标体系，运用加入时间变量的熵值法测度2003-2018年我国粮食主产区农业高质量发展水平，利用Dagum基尼系数揭示其发展的区域差异大小及其来源，并采用多种收敛方法考察其收敛性特征。结果显示：粮食主产区农业高质量发展水平较低，在波动中呈总体上升趋势；粮食主产区农业高质量发展存在显著的区域差异，其差异在波动中呈总体下降趋势，区域内差异与区域间差异交替成为区域差异的主要来源；粮食主产区农业高质量发展具备典型的收敛和收敛特征，分区域和分时期的收敛性具有明显的异质性特征。因此为提升农业高质量发展水平和缩小区域差距，需要进一步深化农业供给侧结构性改革，积极发展农业新业态和新模式，并通过“追赶效应”和“以高带低”拉动机制，推动粮食主产区农业高质量发展的跨区域协同提升。