Causal Influences on Productivity Performance 1820–1992: A Global Perspective

This paper has three main purposes: a) it uses a comparative quantitative framework to demonstrate the pace of economic growth in different parts of the world economy since 1820, and to identify the major causes which have been operative; b) it analyses the different approaches which economists have developed to interpret proximate growth causality; and (c) it reviews the role of institutions and other deeper and less measurable influences on growth performance.     

日本对华直接投资与两国进出口之间的动态关系

中日两国经济长期保持着密切的联系,日本是中国重要的贸易伙伴国和投资的主要来源国,因此对两国贸易与日本在中国投资之间关系的研究具有重要的现实意义。本文通过Granger因果检验法、脉冲响应函数以及方差分解来确定化工、机械、电子和交通运输行业的外商直接投资与贸易之间的关系,其结果显示不同行业FDI与贸易之间的关系具有很大的差别。     

Empirical evidence regarding electricity consumption and urban economic growth

Links between electricity consumption and economic growth are fairly well documented for national economies, but less so for urban economies. The analysis of such relationships at the sub-national level of aggregation can potentially offer a useful complement to national-level research. This study examines the electricity-growth nexus in El Paso, Texas, while also considering the roles of capital stocks and employment. Testing suggests the presence of cointegrating relationships and a vector error correction model is estimated. Granger causality tests reveal the absence of causality between electricity consumption and personal income, implying that energy conservation efforts will have a neutral effect on economic growth. Furthermore, the results indicate that causality runs from the capital stock and employment to both personal income and electricity consumption. This echoes previous research regarding the importance of accounting for capital and labour factors of production in studies of aggregate electricity utilization and economic performance. The methodology used in this analysis to develop a broad synthetic measure of the urban capital stock, including various categories of public infrastructure, can also be applied to other regions and urban economies.     

The relationship between saving and finance: theory and evidence from E.U. countries

This paper investigates the relationship between saving and investment in an effort to shed light on the issue of mobility of capital and whether or not this is prevented by the presence of any barriers. The data of our analysis are annual and come from 14 E.U. countries during the 1960–1994 period. The econometric analysis shows that for the E.U. countries, saving and the provision of credit are two cointegrated variables, which means that for each E.U. country (Belgium was the only exception) the amount of money saved is closely related to the amount of money that is ultimately invested. This result lends support to the view that in E.U. countries the degree of capital mobility plays a minor role in investment, which is primarily influenced by the conditions affecting the domestic provision of savings. In addition, the econometric analysis shows that the causal linkage is in most countries from savings to investment.     

中国股市是否实现了与世界同步

由于市场发展程度和制度安排等原因,中国证券市场多年来一直保持着较为独立的走势.本文运用协整理论对我国证券市场和世界主要证券市场总体走势特征进行了实证分析,以此来考察我国股票市场与世界主要市场的关联和相互影响情况,以期通过对现有股指的关联分析对我国股市的一些统计特征进行反映并进而分析考察我国证券市场的发展状况.     

The causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Africa

ABSTRACT

Previous empirical studies on the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth are not instructive given their failure to unearth the causality trend across the different time periods. Using a more recently developed and robust indicator of financial development, we revisit the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth within the framework of a frequency-domain spectral causality technique which allows the causality to vary across time. Using data from 47 African countries over the period 1980–2016, our findings largely suggest that, even though there is some evidence of demand-following, supply-leading and feedback hypotheses, for most part, we find strong support of neutrality hypothesis. Thus, financial development and economic growth at most frequency levels evolve independently. We infer that caution must be exercised in making general conclusions about the causal nexus between financial development and economic growth.     

作为货币政策调控目标的货币供应量和信贷规模

货币政策一般认为,作为金融数量指标的货币供应量在货币政策调控中占据着核心地位,而排斥另一重要金融数量指标——信贷规模的作用。本研究试图利用我国自1998年以来的经济金融数据,通过计量方法,比较货币供应量、信贷规模作为核心金融指标的适用性,发现:(1)信贷规模和货币供应量各自在不同意义上都是最稳定的,并且,各自与经济活动之间的关系一样规则而稳定,没有证据表明何者更具优势;(2)在同时引入货币供应量和信贷规模时,大大提高了对实体经济的解释能力;(3)货币供应量的变化依存于信贷规模的变化,表明信贷规模在我国经济金融中占据一定地位。这些结论对于理解我国货币政策传导机制是有意义的,表明政策调控时,应同时关注货币供应量和信贷规模这两个指标。     

河南省金融支持、技术创新与产业结构变迁研究

河南经济发展进入加快产业转型的新阶段,如何有效利用金融发展和技术创新提升产业层次是值得研究的话题。利用河南省1987-2018年的相关数据,从金融效率、金融规模、金融结构以及技术投入和产出等角度,利用VAR模型和VEC模型,考察了金融支持和技术创新对产业结构变迁的影响。结果表明,促进金融创新,有效地将存款转换为贷款,提高短期贷款对长期贷款的比重,将有利于提高第三产业比重,从而促进产业升级。提高直接融资比重则有利于技术创新,利用技术创新能够推动产业结构合理化和高级化。     

外商直接投资对苏州经济发展影响的实证分析

本文分析了1993—2007年外商直接投资（FDI）和苏州经济发展的关系。分别考察了外商直接投资与国内生产总值（GDP）、人均收入的相互作用对苏州经济发展的影响。实证结果表明,FDI对苏州经济发展具有较强的促进作用。在实证研究的基础上,本文最后分析了FDI对苏州经济发展的净效应并得出了相关结论和启示。     

Who drives whom ‐ sukuk or bond? A new evidence from granger causality and wavelet approach

Sukuk is a highly appealing alternative instrument of conventional bond in the financial market over the last two decades. To a certain extent, the market players assume sukuk as the same as bond. However, sukuk has its own fundamental asset backed principles, whereas bond is backed by debt. The objective of the study is to examine the Granger‐causality and lead–lag relationship between sukuk and bond by using the data of the Malaysian Government securities return for both conventional and Islamic instruments. The data for every working day of 7 years covering the period from January 31, 2007 to December 31, 2013 were collected from Bloomberg database. The yield returns of both securities have been plotted for each six months of a year. This study applied both Granger‐causality and dynamic co‐movement techniques such as, continuous wavelet transforms (CWT) coherence for analyzing the temporal evolution of the frequency content of both securities by decomposing each period into different time scales. The empirical findings of the paper reveal that with a bit of exception, there is a causal relationship between sukuk securities and conventional bonds for a given period of time. For robustness, this study applied the wavelet coherence approach and found that bond is led by sukuk in the long term investment horizon rather than in the short term. Our findings relating to the lead‐lag relationship between sukuk and bonds have important implications in terms of policy regulations and investment management. Future research and market practices could reinvestigate the differences between these two securities across different markets and types.