城镇化进程中新型农村社区管理模式构建

随着我国社会经济的不断发展和迅速转型,农村经济随之迅猛发展,城镇化是其发展的必由之路,为此原始的村落通过行政规划改造或重建向社区转型。当前,农村社区的管理现状如何,存在哪些问题,需要如何改进,如何实现农村社区善治。     

我国现阶段加强城市社区管理法治化建设探析

城市社区管理法治化建设是我国社会主义法治建设的重要组成部分,是构建和谐社会、维护社会稳定、繁荣的必然要求。本文从马克思主义法学视角对我国现阶段加强城市社区管理法治化建设的重要性、面临的主要问题以及逐步推动城市社区管理法治化进程的主要路径等问题进行了探析。     

Community safety promotion at local,regional, and national levels. Summary report from a workshop on local organizing and societal contributions with regard to the development of Safe Communities,held at the Third International Conference on Safe Communities,June 6-8, 1994, Harstad,Norway

Aim The aim of this review was to determine the extent to which the effectiveness of countermeasures for preventing alpine skiing injuries has been evaluated. Methods The methodology involved a critical review based on the available international literature and sports equipment standards, as well as consultation with experts in the field. Where possible, the review focused on controlled trials. Results Key injury countermeasures in skiing identified in this review include physical conditioning programmes, ski-bindings and their timely release, professional adjustment of ski-bindings and the use of mechanical testing devices for this, design of ski pole handles, helmets for children (and adults), ski patrollers, skier education, speed control on the slopes and safe lifting equipment. A tabular categorisation of the types of evidence for the effectiveness of injury countermeasures is presented. This demonstrates that the weight of evidence is generally based on a combination of data-based or biomechanical testing evidence and informed opinion/anecdotal evidence. There is minimal evidence based on controlled trials in the field. The most evaluated countermeasures are ski bindings and ski pole handles. Properly adjusted ski bindings have the potential for a 3.5-fold reduction in lower extremity injuries, particularly knee injuries. Ski pole handle design needs further innovation and attention. An immediate concern is the generally poorer standard of children’s equipment, ski bindings and their adjustment. Conclusion Skiing is a sport that is growing in popularity, but with a need for controlled trials of its injury prevention countermeasures. This review provides a basis for further action in injury prevention research, development and implementation.     

公众力量在城市社区可持续更新中的作用

政府及开发商通过权力与资本结盟的方式来推动城市社区的更新,公众参与和合作的作用往往被完全忽视.田子坊城市社区更新的事例充分证明,在单纯公众主事的城市社区更新中需要一个多方参与的、开放的更新模式,这种公众力量参与其中的城市社区更新模式是一种可持续的模式,对于今后的城市社区更新具有广泛的启示意义和示范价值.     

Physical Activity of Remote Indigenous Australian Women: A Postcolonial Analysis of Lifestyle

In the context of rising chronic diseases amongst Indigenous peoples, there are calls for the adoption of more healthy “lifestyles.” In this context, this paper explores thoughts about physical activity from 21 Indigenous families through the voices of women and girls living in remote rural communities in the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area, Australia. Speaking back to physical activity as a lifestyle “choice,” three consistent themes emerged: shame, gendered positioning, and welfarism. In conclusion, the perspectives of Torres Strait islanders and Northern Peninsula Area communities suggest that there are deeply embedded ways of thinking about the body, familial obligations, and the provision of and access to being active that are not consistent with Western health policies predicated upon individuals shouldering responsibility for “taking exercise.”     

AN EPISTEMIC COMMUNITY AS INFLUENCER AND IMPLEMENTER IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING IN AUSTRALIA

This paper explicates the dual role of epistemic communities as influencers of accounting policy within regulatory space and as implementers who effect change within the domain of accounting. Set within the context of New South Wales in Australia, and the challenge of the financial sustainability of its local councils, the study was informed by documentary sources, and used data from interviews and a survey. Accounting and finance professionals, as an epistemic community, played a pivotal role in formulating accounting policy and in embedding fair value measurement of infrastructure assets.     

Developmental approaches to B2B virtual communities

This paper analyses the development approaches of four business-to-business (B2B) virtual communities (VCs) and compares them through use of a cross-case analysis. The study indicated that there is no “one size fits all” method for developing VCs and that a structured, rigorous development methodology based on academic research is required in order to successfully create and manage VCs. It also found that the main challenge in creating successful VCs is not that of developing them, but that of developing an engagement and contribution culture.     

国外城市封闭社区及其治理

有门有墙、公共空间私有化的封闭社区是后现代城市化的一种表现形式,它不仅是城市社会经济发展的阶段产物,也对城市的社会、经济、政治、文化等各诸多方面产生了极大影响。1990年代以来,封闭社区在世界各国迅速发展和扩散,引起了各国学者对于社会发展和城市发展之间关系的广泛讨论。但是,我国学术界目前的相关研究较少,尚处于萌芽阶段。文章通过对国外城市封闭社区研究成果的总结,探讨了这类社区的形成、发展及其对城市发展的影响,并初步探索了对封闭社区的治理,旨在为我国相关研究提供理论和实践借鉴。