Impacts of Vessel Capacity Reduction Programmes on Efficiency in Fisheries: the Case of Australia’s Multispecies Northern Prawn Fishery

Capacity reduction programmes, in the form of buybacks or decommissioning, have had relatively widespread application in fisheries in the US, Europe and Australia. A common criticism of such programmes is that they remove the least efficient vessels first, resulting in an increase in average efficiency of the remaining fleet, which tends to increase the effective fishing power of the remaining fleet. In this paper, the effects of a buyback programme on average technical efficiency in Australia’s Northern Prawn Fishery are examined using a multi‐output production function approach with an explicit inefficiency model. As expected, the results indicate that average efficiency of the remaining vessels was generally greater than that of the removed vessels. Further, there was some evidence of an increase in average scale efficiency in the fleet as the remaining vessels were closer, on average, to the optimal scale. Key factors affecting technical efficiency included company structure and the number of vessels fishing. In regard to fleet size, our model suggests positive externalities associated with more boats fishing at any point in time (due to information sharing and reduced search costs), but also negative externalities due to crowding, with the latter effect dominating the former. Hence, the buyback resulted in a net increase in the individual efficiency of the remaining vessels due to reduced crowding, as well as raising average efficiency through removal of less efficient vessels.     

社会距离与口碑传播效力研究:解释水平的视角

本文从社会心理学解释水平理论的视角出发,以购买意愿测量口碑传播效果,发现随着社会距离的延伸,口碑传播效果降低,提高口碑信息的目标价值、目标可得性将增强口碑传播效果;在社会距离较近的强关系下,增强目标可得性可更好地提升口碑传播效果,而在社会距离较远的弱关系下,提高目标价值则能更有效地改善口碑传播效果。     

节能减排约束下中国制造业行业的效率和生产率的研究

本文运用SBM方向性距离函数和卢恩伯格生产率指标,对在资源和环境约束下我国26个制造业行业1999～2008年的效率和生产率及其构成进行了实证研究.结果表明:能源的过多使用以及SO2和COD的过度排放是环境无效率的主要来源;环境无效率水平最高的是原材料工业,环境效率水平最高的是机械设备制造业;环境全要素生产率的平均增长率低于市场全要素生产率的平均增长率,说明了环境管理的无效率;纯技术进步是中国制造业行业环境全要素生产率增长的主要推动力.     

基于ASP.NET的沈阳电大信息港系统的设计与实现

文章综合运用计算机网络、管理信息系统思想和软件工程方面的知识,对沈阳广播电视大学信息港系统进行了需求分析和功能模块设计,比较了实现该系统可供选择的技术方案,重点分析了实现系统的关键技术,如登陆权限控制、ASP.NET访问数据库、外置组件的利用、安全设计与实现等。同时,介绍了B/S结构与C/S结构的不同之处,最终采用C/S结构进行系统搭建,在数据存储、访问方面采用ADO.NET面向对象模型,从而解决了系统在数据访问及存储方面的问题。此外,系统开发平台采用了Microsoft公司推出的Microsoft Visual Studio 2005。     

员工社会网络对外派适应的影响及文化距离的调节效应——基于中国跨国公司外派人员的实证研究

随着中国企业的全球化扩张,中国企业外派人员数量也在不断增长,但对中国企业外派人员的调查研究仍处于空白阶段。采用问卷调查法对中国跨国公司外派人员在海外情况进行调查,并以探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、层次回归和多方差分析等多种统计方法进行检验。结果显示:外派人员和东道国居民的社会网络在外派适应中具有不同的功效,文化距离在网络紧密度对一般适应影响中具有显著的正向调节效应,而在互动频率对工作适应中产生显著的负向调节效应。     

环境效应、技术进步与中国制造业发展:基于环境全要素生产率变化模式的解释

本文基于方向性距离函数,运用Malmquist—Luenberger指数方法对"十五"以来中国制造业全要素生产率进行了估算,发现在正确考虑环境管制后,中国制造业行业的全要素生产率增长水平得到提高,技术进步是其增长的源泉。本文还发现,"十五"以来政府实行的一系列节能减排政策有效地推动了制造业绿色生产率的持续改善,特别是在"十一五"开局之年,中国制造业绿色全要素生产率增长最快且达到顶峰,且在考察期内,我们发现重工业生产率、生产效率和技术进步增长相对于轻工业而言提高更快,初步彰显出环境政策对于制造业转型升级,实现可持续发展的可行有效。     

高职院校应用英语专业课程体系改革初探

高职教育能够可持续地科学发展的关键在于高职教育事业软件的建设,其核心就是要尽快建立起“以就业为导向,以技术应用”为主线,以“零距离”上岗为目标的符合高职教育规律的课程体系.我国在这方面的研究还处于探索阶段,本文尝试提出符合高职教育发展方向课程体系的设计程序及以技术应用为主线的课程体系,以新的视角和务实的态度探讨这一核心问题,以望对高职教育的发展有所贡献.     

测距仪距离改正数的显著性检验及其检定精度

本文讨论了测距仪的加常数a、乘常数b和距离改正数ΔS(=a+bS)的显著性检验问题。讨论的结果表明,加常数和乘常数的显著性并不能决定距离改正数的显著性。所以,我们应当对距离改正数进行显著性检验,以决定是否用它来对观测边长进行改正。本文还从公式论证和模拟试验两个方面讨论了距离改正数的检定精度及其可靠性问题。     

Social distance between workers: An application to Italian geographic areas

This paper is concerned with the measurement of social distance, clustering, or polarization between workers of a given society. This concept is fundamentally different from that of inequality and thus cannot be measured by any Lorenz consistent index. Similarly, it cannot be additively decomposed into within - and between -group components using classical techniques. A new decomposition method is proposed and applied to Italian workers. The method provides an index that can be used both to calculate the distance between social groups classified according to worker characteristic and to track changes across time. The new method also reveals the factors that are reshaping the wage distribution and allows us to identify precisely where these effects are having their greatest impact.
JEL classification: D30, D63, I32.     

不同距离下灰函数极限的一致性

本文讨论了不同距离下灰函数权限的一致性,并给出不同距离下的极限转化定理。