某医专学生艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为调查

目的:了解医专学生艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为现状,为开展艾滋病教育教学提供科学依据。方法:采取整群随机抽样方法选取被试,对抽取的2778名医专学生进行自愿、独立、匿名问卷调查。结果:医专学生对男性同性恋的态度呈现多样性;部分学生性观念较开放;少数学生对艾滋病人和感染者持歧视、躲避、厌恶等态度;多数医专学生艾滋病的一些专业知识还是比较欠缺,常用化学消毒剂能灭活艾滋病病毒,回答正确率仅有11.88%;预设了15种艾滋病的可能传播方式,回答正确率仅有12.30%;仅有13.79%的医专学生知道安全套的使用方法,预设了7点安全套使用知识,回答正确率仅6.26%。结论:应加强医学生的艾滋病教育教学,全面提升医学生艾滋病防治知识、能力。     

从市场化程度和人口流动性看艾滋病问题--以广东省为例

从全球角度看,越是贫困的地区或国家,艾滋病问题越严重。在中国大陆,艾滋病问题最严重的省区一共有六个。其中五个属于综合性社会经济发展水平较低的省区,广东省是唯一的例外。针对广东的艾滋病问题,参照三个社会经济指数加以分析。影响广东省艾滋病疫情的两个决定性要素是较高的市场开放程度和大量外来人口所面临的健康风险。     

AIDS,longevity and long-run income

This article studies the long-run impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita income and education. We focus on the disincentive to human capital accumulation given by shorter life span. We work with a continuous time overlapping generations model with education and saving decisions, calibrated for a cross-section of countries. The simulations predict that the most affected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa will be in future, on average, 20% poorer than they would be without AIDS. Schooling will decline in some cases such as Botswana, South Africa and Zambia by more than 40%. The impact of population decline was found to be irrelevant.     

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS ON SMALL,MEDIUM AND LARGE ENTERPRISES1

Based on the Bureau of Economic Research (BER's) 2005 HIV/AIDS survey, this paper provides a snapshot view of the nature and the extent of the impact of HIV/AIDS on companies of different sizes in South Africa, as well as their response to the epidemic. Whereas the focus of most of the previous workplace surveys has been on “evaluating workplace responses”, the present study also considers the economic impact of HIV/AIDS. This study provides evidence of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the largest sample of small, medium and large companies in South Africa to date. The survey results suggest that employer responses are strongly linked to company size, with the majority of medium and large companies indicating that they have an HIV/AIDS policy in place and small companies having done little in the way of action against the epidemic.     

Consumers' willingness to pay for food quality - The case of eggs

The aim of this paper is to introduce an approach to estimating the marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for food quality and safety using data on actual consumer purchases. Marginal WTP for specific food product varieties can be derived from estimated demand functions by inverting the relations, thereby expressing the prices consumers are willing to pay as functions of quantity demanded. The task addressed in the paper is isolation of the WTP for quality attributes embedded in the varieties. Two models based on the AIDS-specification are proposed and discussed. To illustrate the applicability of the models, the case of five varieties of eggs is presented. It is found that Danish consumers are willing to pay a relatively high premium for improved animal welfare and organic production methods and somewhat less for food safety.     

Estimating the U.S. Import Demand for Melons: A Dynamic Analysis Approach

The United States is one of the world's leading consumers as well as one of the world's leading producers of melons. However, U.S. melons are produced only from May through December. In order to supplement the domestic demand and make melons available year-round, the United States imports melons from Latin American countries. This article analyzes the U.S. demand for imported fresh and frozen melons using monthly data on import volumes and values. A static and a dynamic linear Almost Ideal Demand System are estimated using Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR). The estimated parameters are used to estimate the short- and long-run price and expenditure elasticities.     

浅谈如何利用自制教具激发学生学习兴趣

自制教具就是利用常见材料加工改造演示物理实验。自制教具比特制教具更能激发学生的学习兴趣。本文将列举一些具体实例来阐述如何利用自制教具激发学生的学习兴趣。     

The South African disability grant: Influence on HIV treatment outcomes and household well-being in KwaZulu-Natal

This paper explores the implications of the disability grant for household members' well-being and adults' success on ART (antiretroviral therapy). It uses case studies based on data from an in-depth qualitative study of 10 households in KwaZulu-Natal. Receipt of the disability grant ensured that the basic needs of the HIV-infected adult could be met by other household members, especially when the grant was received when the person first met the qualifying criteria and in conjunction with ART. Where treatment was effective, HIV-infected adults were able to make substantial contributions to the well-being of other members in addition to the financial support provided by the grant itself. Thus, early access to financial support in conjunction with commencing ART may lead to improved health outcomes and reduce poverty and vulnerability associated with illness in poor households. This synergistic relationship between social welfare and treatment may in turn contribute to greater cost-efficiency.     

金融资产综合风险价值动态评估研究

为综合度量金融资产损失的市场风险与流动性风险,采用GARCH-VaR模型度量了日市场风险价值,用日内相对波动幅度调整为日LA-VaR,并利用时间延展槡T规则将它转换为变现期间的综合风险价值,构建了金融资产综合风险价值的全方位动态评估模型。通过以中国股指期货为例的实证研究证明,该模型能够有效评估金融资产综合风险价值,适用于金融资产公允价值的期末估算。