The economic and environmental performances of rural districts in Italy: Are competitiveness and sustainability compatible targets?

This paper analyses the economic performances of the rural system and the level of land sensitivity to degradation in Italy. Three indicators (district value added, share of agriculture on total product, and a composite index of land sensitivity) were used to classify 784 Italian local districts into eight performance classes. Four classes share a combination of high environmental quality (in terms of land degradation), high (or low) economic performances, and high (or low) productivity of the primary sector. The remaining four are characterised by a combination of low (and declining) environmental quality, high (or low) economic performances, and high (or low) productivity of the primary sector. The eight classes were grouped into four ‘environmental quality’ types and four ‘target performance’ categories to discriminate among high- and low-performance districts by considering twelve additional variables within a Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). 148 high environmental performance districts (18% of total) were identified mainly across the Alps and Apennine while 314 districts (41%) were classified in the lowest performance class and concentrated in flat areas of southern Italy. The districts with high environmental performances were characterised, on average, by medium to low district value added, moderately low economic weight of the primary sector, and tourism specialisation. Districts with high economic performances and low environmental performances were characterised by high sensitivity to LD, low district value added, high share of agriculture in total product, and the lowest productivity of labour in all economic sectors. In these districts the risk of entering a downward spiral of rural poverty and environmental degradation is potentially high.     

基建项目工程造价的重点控制

工程造价的控制重点应在建设项目的前期阶段 ;投资决策阶段应控制项目的可行性 ,设计阶段要从设计方和业主方优化设计概算 ,招投标阶段要强化招投标过程的规范性     

浅论工程量清单计价模式下施工组织设计的编制

通过介绍工程量清单计价模式的特点，分析了施工组织设计在工程量清单计价模式下的重要性，并对其编制方法进行了探讨。     

河北省水利工程正效益分析

分析了河北省建国以来水利工程总体正效益,包括城市供水效益、农业灌溉效益、节水灌溉效益、治理盐碱土地效益、防止水土流失效益、防汛抗旱效益等。     

高职院校《C 语言程序设计》课程教学改革与实践简

根据高职学生及专业特点,结合多年《C语言程序设计》课程的教学实践,综合运用项目教学、任务驱动、工作过程导向等先进的教学理念,总结出包括课程的整体设计、单元设计以及教学过程实施的方法,有效地提高了教学效果。     

我国农村土地家庭承包经营权之物权性质

农村土地承包经营权的法律性质，究竟为物权抑或债权，在我国民法学界一直存有争论。本文结合我国新颁布的《农村土地承包法》的规定，认定家庭承包经营权具有物权的性质，但仍然存在一些问题，需要进一步改进。     

从加强毕业设计环节谈提高学生科研素质

毕业设计是本科教学环节中一个最重要的实践环节,是培养学生从事科研活动的重要举措。毕业设计应从培养学生从事科研活动的能力出发,认真选题,抓好开题,加强管理指导,规范论文撰写,组织好答辨。     

政府投资项目超概算的博弈分析

政府投资项目超概算的原因是项目前期工作有缺陷,项目管理机制存在问题以及监管不到位.从一个新的角度--博弈的角度来看,政府投资项目管理其实也是一个博弈过程,而建设单位在博弈中有着"先行者优势",从而产生超概算的利益驱动.基于博弈分析,应从几个方面对政府投资项目超概算现象进行治理,包括严肃决策程序,增加建设单位超概算的成本,明确投资监督管理责任等.     

多粒度语言表达下基于IOWA算子的投资项目区域风险评价

在项目实施前,对其在可行投资区域的项目区域风险进行评价和比较分析是进行项目投资决策的重要依据。在构建项目区域风险评价指标体系的基础上,针对在项目区域风险评价过程中所主要考虑的问题,首先将每位决策者基于不同多粒度语言来描述的风险因素重要度进行基本语言转换,引进诱导有序加权平均(IOWA)算子来确定所有决策者对于各风险因素重要度的评价值;运用CCR模型,依据项目在各可行投资区域的风险因子状态值确定它们的风险大小排名权值,据此进行投资决策。