征地纠纷的解决方式：问题与对策

在城乡一体化进程中,征地纠纷具有多发性、群体性、复杂性、长期性,其社会关注度高,经济社会影响大。然而,我国征地纠纷解决方式存在诸多不足,导致被征地农民存在诉讼难、请律师难、信访难。维护农民的土地权益,化解征地纠纷,当务之急在于完善和创新征地纠纷解决机制,增设征地听证程序,设立独立的土地裁决机构,扩大诉讼救济的范围,改革现行的信访制度。     

淮北平原煤矿塌陷区的综合开发

淮北平原地区是我国煤矿沉陷损害严重的地区,也是我国较早开展塌陷区治理的地区。本文总结了淮北平原煤矿塌陷区综合开发的 10 种方式并作了技术经济比较,分析了电厂、煤矿、当地政府和当地农民复垦利用塌陷区的特点,指出了存在的问题。     

Changes in farmers’ welfare from land requisition in the process of rapid urbanization

The marked impact of the welfare gap on total welfare within collectives has rarely, if at all, been addressed in traditional welfare theories and in Amartya Sen's theory of welfare functioning and capabilities. With this observation as our starting point, we constructed a research framework that combined welfare functioning, the welfare gap, and welfare capability to assess and analyze changes in the welfare of farmers whose land was requisitioned in Zhejiang province. The findings of our study were as follows. (1) The total welfare functioning of farmers whose land was requisitioned increased by 11.8% as a result of improvements in economic and dwelling conditions and community surroundings. However, social security and psychological conditions deteriorated. (2) Although total welfare functioning has improved, gaps are widening in the distribution of welfare functioning among farmers who underwent land requisition. This was evidenced by the increase of the weighted Gini coefficient, which rose from 0.26 to 0.32 after land requisition. (3) As a result of the improvement in welfare capability, a judgmental bias is evident when farmers assess whether they have gained or lost welfare after land requisition. We conclude that welfare studies should focus not only on the quantitative aspects of welfare distribution, but should also pay more attention to its fairness and impartiality. This can prevent social problems posed by an oversized welfare gap. Moreover, after land requisition, the government and community should provide education and training services, and the current one-time compensation model should be replaced by a lifelong compensation model. At the same time, endowment insurance should be extended in rural areas and urban medical insurance should be progressively incorporated into the social security benefits of farmers who have undergone land requisition.     

农地养护法律制度研究

本文旨在通过研究农地养护的法律制度,为维护和改善我国农地质量、确保粮食安全提供强有力的法制保障。主要运用实证研究方法和规范研究方法。研究认为法律制度对农地质量保护有着重要意义,但我国关于农地养护的现行立法在组织制度、经济激励制度、法律责任制度等方面还存在一些许多问题,影响了我国农地养护的实施效果。文章认为应进一步加强对相关制度的研究并提出了一些立法完善的思路。     

晋江市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

以晋江市为研究区,依据2005年,2010年和2015年3期土地利用数据,从生态系统服务功能角度,运用Costanza的方法,结合谢高地修正的我国生态服务价值当量因子表,分析了晋江市土地利用变化与生态服务价值的响应关系。结果表明:2005-2015年,晋江市的城镇用地显著扩张,而耕地和林地却急剧减少,土地利用的生态系统服务价值总体呈逐年下降趋势。通过分析晋江市土地利用变化对生态服务价值的影响可以为科学合理利用土地,保障人口、资源、环境的可持续发展提供决策支持。敏感性分析表明,生态服务价值对生态服务价值系数的变化是缺乏弹性的,因此结果是可信的。在编制土地利用规划时应将生态服务价值考虑其中,尤其是应注重保护湿地、水域、林地等生态服务价值系数高的土地利用类型,以期实现晋江市的可持续发展。     

黄河流域山西段坡耕地利用问题与对策

土地资源是人类赖以生存和发展的基本条件,生态环境是人类社会和经济发展的基础,合理利用土地资源是国民经济综合协调发展的前提,生态退耕是发展农村经济、实行农业产业结构调整的切入点。全面推进黄河流域山西段生态退耕工程是治理环北京风沙危害线、根治水土流失、保护和改善生态环境的必要手段和措施,也是当前我国水土保持生态建设的一个重大战略调整。分析、研究黄河流域山西坡耕地利用现状及方向,是制定退耕政策的重要依据。因此,必须从当地实际出发,认真分析利用中存在问题,寻找对策,以达到传统的坡耕地利用方式向现代科学的利用方向转变,促进社会经济的可持续发展。     

基于WebGIS的宁波地价信息发布方案设计

基于WebGIS的宁波地价信息发布方案和实现方法,采用SuperMapIS平台,利用ASP技术和脚本语言JavaScript,以及HTML技术,响应浏览器端的动态请求,实现对土地级别、基准地价、地价监测点等空间信息的查询、显示和图形的缩放、漫游。并通过地价监测点数据与地籍系统集成,实现对土地价格的动态监测与地价监测点资料的即时更新。     

Prioritising land to be preserved for agriculture: A context-specific value tree

In Belgium as in many other countries, agricultural land is under pressure for development of other land uses. This paper presents a method for setting priorities for preservation of land for agriculture. The method is based on a participatory approach through which a value tree is formulated. This results in a list of criteria to define farmland value, which is explicitly linked to the objectives for farmland preservation. The value tree allows the list of criteria to be determined in a structured and consistent way. The participatory process contributes to the development of a shared vision on farmland preservation. The approach also incorporates context specificity, as shown by its application for farmland preservation in Flanders.