论我国土地征收制度的缺陷及其完善

现行土地征收制度的缺陷是引发征地矛盾和冲突的根本原因,为此,文章基于制度的视角,重新审视中国的土地征收制度,分析制度的缺陷情况,指出完善中国土地征收制度,应理顺农村土地产权和使用权,保证所有者、经营者的权利和利益,给予农民合理公平的补偿,以土地资源配置的市场化为目标,构建长效的安置与保障机制。     

中国城市土地集约利用与城市化协调发展评价研究

文章在构建城市土地集约利用与城市化协调发展评价模型的基础上,分析了中国31个省区城市土地集约利用与城市化协调发展的程度。研究结果表明:(1)中国省区协调度及协调发展度都存在着明显的区域差异,协调发展水平整体上表现出东部地区大部分省份高于中西部地区的规律,而且与区域经济发展水平具有较强的相关关系;(2)中国省区城市土地集约利用与城市化协调度及协调发展度在空间分布上具有一定的对应性;(3)按照协调度和协调发展度将31个省区分为八类,分别体现经济发展、自然条件和政策因素等对区域城市土地集约利用与城市化作用的差异。     

少数民族地区旅游规划中的土地利用问题浅析——以富源县水族旅游文化区为例

开发旅游业有利于促进少数民族地区的经济发展。解决旅游规划与土地利用之间的矛盾是发展少数民族地区旅游业的重要一步,应该从促进少数民族地区农业转型、提高土地附加值、提供政策保障体系等三个方面来切实解决少数民族地区旅游规划中土地利用的问题。     

基于信号博弈的土地使用权出让中围标“蜜罐”行为的分析

研究目的:依据土地使用权招标出让活动的特征,构建围标"蜜罐"行为的动态贝叶斯博弈模型,找出促使均衡结果合理化的因素变化差异和关系。研究方法:信号博弈。研究结果:(1)由分开均衡的求解可知,在土地使用权招标中,当招标人看到投标人报低价时将检查,看到投标人报高价时则不检查;投标人围标时将选择报低价,不围标时将报高价。(2)由合并均衡求解可知,无论投标人围标与否,投标人报低价时,此博弈有两个完美贝叶斯均衡。研究结论:为遏止投标人进行围标合谋这一"吃蜜罐"的行为,要增加围标成本、合理控制检查成本、降低投标人预期收益和完善惩罚形式、加大惩罚力度。     

浅析地税系统存在的理论依据

地税部门是国家对国民经济进行宏观调控的重要经济杠杆的实体机构。地税部门工作成绩的好坏,不仅会影响国家财政收入的正常实现和国家宏观经济调控的结果,还会影响到正常的市场竞争秩序。本文从两个方面浅析了地税系统存在的理论依据,使税收工作在党和国家大局中发挥应有的作用。     

农地利用结构经济效率横向比较研究——基于C^2R、BC^2与超效率C^2R模型

研究目的：横向比较评价我国31个省（市、自治区）农地利用结构的综合效率、技术效率和规模效率,并按照超效率对各地区进行排序。研究方法：数据包络分析（DEA）的C。R模型、BC。模型与超效率C2R模型。研究结果：（1）总体来说,大多数地区农用地利用结构综合效率低下,主要原因是技术效率太低;（2）我国74．2％的地区农地利用处于规模报酬递减阶段,要提高生产效率,必须调整用地结构;（3）超效率值较高的地区主要是经济发达地区和传统农业大省。     

Land, landlords and sustainable livelihoods: The impact of agrarian reform on a coconut hacienda in the Philippines

Agrarian reform has been a key theme on the development agenda of many countries in the Global South for decades. Whilst such interventions are often pursued for political goals and in the interests of empowerment, there is often a mismatch between these goals and the actual outcomes achieved. Within this context, this study investigates the impacts of agrarian reform in Del Rosario, a former coconut hacienda in the Philippines. This is done in an attempt to explore whether agrarian reform has facilitated the creation of sustainable livelihoods among its beneficiaries, in particular, and in their agrarian reform community, in general. The impacts of reform are examined in relation to four themes - economic, social, demographic and environmental. Overall, the study concludes that agrarian reform has not brought about sustainable livelihoods in the former coconut hacienda. People's livelihoods, especially those derived from copra farming, remain at a subsistence level. At most, at an economic level agrarian reform has brought about improved access to land among its beneficiaries. Nevertheless, it has empowered the farmers by giving them greater freedom and has increased their sense of well-being, as well as enabling them to improve their families’ life prospects and strengthen social capital.     

Land suitability evaluation for development using a matter-element model: A case study in Zengcheng, Guangzhou, China

Land suitability evaluation can assist in the efficient use of land resources at a regional level. This is an important issue because of the pressures that an increasing population and economic growth have put on limited land resources. Matter-element theory, which was first put forward by the Chinese mathematician Cai Wen, has shown potential for solving incompatibility problems. Based on the matter-element model, this paper uses land use, roads, water bodies, population density, distance from center of the city, geodetic height, and slope as factors in modeling land suitability for development. Zengcheng, an urban-rural administration was used as a case study for applying the matter-element model to assessing the suitability of land for development. The model was cross referenced with local urban plans for verification and the results of this study show that the model constructed was effective at assessing the suitability of land for development. According to both the classification map created using the matter-element model and the statistics on the of land suitability classes, the study area was found to have a considerable amount of land which is highly suitable for development. After the category ‘highly suitable’, the next largest total land area was in the category of ‘not suitable’ for development, while there was relatively little land classified as moderately and marginally suitable. The percentage of the total land area of each class of suitability was 41.80%, 34.22%, 16.35% and 7.64%, respectively. Apart from this, the study also demonstrated the advantage of matter-element models over fuzzy theory, as they provide much more information. For example, all integrated degree of all classes in the paper had ranges from −1 to 1, but differed from each other by percentage. In the category of ‘highly suitable’ only 45.51% of matter-elements fully conformed to the criteria (those within a range of 0-0.5925), while the remainder (54.49%) did not corresponded to the requirements of the category, but did have the potential to do so with relatively few changes (those within a range of −0.3923-0 degrees). This data provides us with an understanding of the potential and limitation to development of the land in the region.     

南宁市土地-社会核算矩阵的构建

在经济增长日益受到土地资源供给量和环境承载力的严重制约背景下,将资源、环境问题纳入综合的社会经济分析框架中,全面分析外部冲击或政策变动所造成的影响对如何科学地调控土地资源非常重要.在传统社会核算矩阵的基础上引入土地资源方面的核算账户,基于2005年相关数据构建南宁市土地-社会核算矩阵,对土地利用对社会经济的影响分析中纳入对资源与环境问题的刻划,从宏观角度对土地利用与社会经济影响进行分析,建立了一个具有较强通用性的分析工具,为政府部门采取有效的土地资源调控政策提供决策依据.     

新加坡城市土地资源高效利用的经验借鉴

新加坡作为协调发展和土地资源保护的典范,推动土地资源合理高效利用的典型,其土地资源管理、规划和开发的经验对土地资源供需矛盾突出、土地资源集约利用任务艰巨的我国经济发达地区具有重要的借鉴意义。本论文从土地资源开发背景、管理与规划、利用三个方面介绍新加坡土地利用的情况,并总结了新加坡土地资源高效利用的经验,以期对我国城市的土地利用有一些有益的借鉴和参考。