Network neutrality and the nature of competition between network operators

The neutral architecture of the Internet is being challenged by various parties, such as network operators providing the connections to end-users, who are interested in gaining control of the information exchanged over the Internet. What are the effects on competition and welfare of such practices? Currently, there exists very little economic theory on network neutrality. This paper provides a preliminary analysis of the type of economic modeling that can address network neutrality, as well as of the type of results that can be expected.     

Cap and trade policies in the presence of monopoly and distortionary taxation

We extend an analytical general equilibrium model of environmental policy with pre-existing labor tax distortions to include pre-existing monopoly power as well. We show that the existence of monopoly power has two offsetting effects on welfare. First, the environmental policy reduces monopoly profits, and the negative effect on income increases labor supply in a way that partially offsets the pre-existing labor supply distortion. Second, environmental policy raises prices, so interaction with the pre-existing monopoly distortion further exacerbates the labor supply distortion. This second effect is larger, for reasonable parameter values, so the existence of monopoly reduces the welfare gain (or increases the loss) from environmental restrictions.     

Understanding the Large Negative Impact of Oil Shocks

This paper offers a plausible explanation for the close link between oil prices and aggregate macroeconomic performance in the 1970s. Although this link has been well documented in the empirical literature, standard economic models are not able to replicate this link when actual oil prices are used to simulate the models. In particular, standard models cannot explain the depth of the recession in 1974–75 and the strong revival in 1976–78 based on the oil price movements in that period. This paper argues that a missing multiplier-accelerator mechanism from standard models may hold the key.     

Bureaucratic integration and regional specialization in China

Fiscal decentralization introduced as part of China's economic reform since 1979 has unleashed strong incentives for China's local governments to pursue economic development, but the same incentives have also led to local protectionist policies inhibiting the process of regional specialization. This paper focuses on the constraints or freedom with which local governments can implement their protectionist policies. Using a panel data of 29 China's regions over the time period of 1985–1997, we find that China's political system of bureaucratic integration (specifically, concurrent appointment of local government officials in the central government) imposes constraints on the local governments from practicing protectionism. We also find that the effectiveness of local protectionist policies is limited by market competition, specifically, competition from foreign-invested firms operating in China and foreign imports. Our results on the role of local protectionism remain robust to controls for the regional variations in the size of the economy and the stage of economic development.     

打造人力资源金三角 获取企业竞争优势

本文从企业核心竞争力的阐释出发，提出了企业未来制胜的金三角，即组织智商(OIQ)、组织情商(OEQ)以及组织心商(OSQ)，并进一步阐释了各自的内涵、表现及意义。并在此基础上，提出了系统构建企业获取竞争优势金三角的路径依赖。     

打破垄断促进市场有效竞争

行业性行政垄断的存在,严重阻碍着我国市场化的进程.引进竞争、打破垄断是当前我国继续深化改革、实行全面开放的一项紧迫而又艰巨的任务.我们要按照现代社会经济与公共管理的演进趋势认识垄断问题,并从多方面寻求打破垄断的思路与措施.     

外资进入武汉物流市场的现状及对策

武汉以优越的地理位置,良好的交通设施,雄厚的科技和产业实力吸引了外资,形成了新的竞争环境,文中以运输环境作为对象,分析了外资进入物流市场给内地物流带来的机遇和挑战.     

供应链中双方供应的竞争和合作博弈研究

针对当前供应链中供应方面存在的相关局限性。构造了双方供应和制造商之间的博弈模型。该模型主要特点是双方 供应之间的二阶段博弈所形成的质量和价格策略。在此条件下制造商和供应商之间进行讨价还价。以分配整体利润。指出了供 需双方在讨价还价时存在惟一的子博彝精炼纳什均衡。     

关税升级与中国汽车产业发展——基于空间经济学的经验研究

本文利用中国与主要汽车生产国的汽车产业有关数据，在一个关税升级体系下垄断竞争产业发展模型的基础上，运用校准法进行了初步的经验研究。与以往汽车产业贸易政策基于寡占市场结构的经验研究不同，本文试图在垄断竞争市场结构下考察关税升级对中国汽车产业发展趋势的影响。研究表明，集合主要汽车生产国的数据后，汽车产业具有集聚发展的倾向，而我国目前较高程度的关税升级体系在其他条件不变的情况下，能够降低汽车产业实现大发展的临界条件。     

基于交通一体化的区域港口竞争模型

考虑了货源分布参数、道路运输成本、港口装卸效率、船舶停泊成本等影响港口竞争能力的主要因素,根据综合运输体系下区域内港口竞争的特点,建立了基于交通一体化的区域港口竞争模型。并利用竞争模型对影响港口竞争能力的内在因素进行了敏感性分析,就港口如何提高自身竞争能力进行了探索。最后,通过一个案例,说明了该竞争模型在制定港口竞争策略中应用情况。