从个体关照到提升家庭整体发展能力：我国家庭发展政策研究综述

随着人口和社会的双重变迁,家庭领域发生了深刻变化,学者纷纷围绕家庭发展政策进行多角度研究,主要包括家庭变迁中的家庭政策、提高家庭发展能力的家庭政策以及家庭发展政策中的路径及框架体系构建等,通过对这些研究进行梳理可知,家庭发展政策的重心已从个体关照向提升家庭整体发展能力转变。因此在未来的政策体系构建过程中,要特别重视并解决家庭凝聚力弱化导致家庭功能的发挥严重受阻、对家庭特别是计生家庭的生命转折期缺乏重视导致家庭发展能力衰弱、低龄幼儿照顾与教育的缺失直接影响家庭的持续发展等关键性问题。     

基于跑道容量的航班恢复优化调度

为了降低航班延误造成的经济损失,在机场平稳运行条件下提高航班运行效率。在原有的航班恢复模型基础上,引入航空公司公平性模型、跑道容量约束、快速过站约束和取消航班约束的航班运行的四种情况,建立顾及航空公司公平性的总成本最小的航班恢复目标函数,该模型适用于不同航班数限制的机场。算例中对长沙机场的某日4小时内的航班运行情况,使用飞蛾扑火算法得到优化方案,与机场原始航班平均运行成本相比,本文提及方法能降低机场的航班运行成本。     

Decision augmentation and automation with artificial intelligence: Threat or opportunity for managers?

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising and increasingly available technology for managerial decision-making. With the adoption of AI-enabled software, organizations can leverage various benefits of the technology, but they also have to consider the intended and unintended consequences of using the technology for managerial roles. It is still unclear whether managers will benefit from enhancing their abilities with AI-enabled software or become powerless puppets that do more than announce AI-enabled software results. Our research has revealed distinct ways in which organizations can use AI-enabled decision-making solutions: as tools or novelties, for decision augmentation or automation, and as either a voluntary or a mandatory option. In this article, we discuss the implications of each of these combinations on the relevant managers. We consider outcomes related to managerial job design and derive practical advice for organizational designers and managers who work with AI. Our outcomes provide guidance on how to deal with the conflict-riddled relationship between managers and technology with regard to capabilities, responsibilities, and acceptance of AI-enabled software.     

某啤酒制造企业老仓库库容优化设计

文章通过实地调研某啤酒制造企业仓储系统,分析了该企业成品仓库存在的主要问题,提出了库容优化设计方案。经验证该方案不仅能较大幅度提升企业的库容利用率,同时又改善了仓库的作业环境,保证货物实现先进先出,有效地实现货物的分类管理,该方法对具有相似特性的同类库容优化设计问题具有较好地参考价值。     

2013年度高职院校获国家自然科学基金资助情况分析及建议

通过对2013年度高职(专科)院校获国家自然科学基金资助的实证分析,结合全国和江苏省高职科研现状,正确把脉当前高职院校的科研创新发展能力,以期为高职院校科研体制改革和科研人才的培养提供政策建议。     

基于AHP分析法的中小企业融资能力评价体系构建

中小企业融资能力取决于企业自身资源的属性和价值,在很大程度上又依赖于外部环境对其资源的认同,其内涵由创新能力、成长能力、财务能力和环境成本等四个维度构成。文章通过AHP分析法对中小企业融资能力进行量化测度,构建由创新能力、成长能力、财务能力、环境成本4个方面指数、10个分项指标和28个基础指标构成的融资能力评价指标体系,并确定各层次指标的权重。结果表明,要提高中小企业融资能力,必须从方面指数、分项指标和基础指标入手,通过技术创新并提升企业成长能力和财务能力,进而提高中小企业的融资能力。     

快递业升级能力评价及提升对策

我国快递业处于快速发展期,但是发展过程中存在一系列问题,需要进行产业升级,因此针对快递业的升级要求和快递业的发展特点,构建了快递业升级能力评价指标体系,并运用无需确定指标权重的突变级数法对快递业升级能力进行评价。本文选取我国快递业务总收入排名前16位的省市作为研究对象,结合相关数据对16个省市的快递业升级能力进行定量研究。根据升级能力得分情况,将16个省市划分为甲、乙、丙三类集团,并对其进行了综合分析,指出了快递业升级中存在的问题,有针对性地提出了快递业升级对策。     

A note on the use of Markov chains to analyze the off‐peak season provision of guided tours to tourists

In this note, we provide answers to two hitherto unstudied questions in the tourism literature. Specifically, we first show how the theory of discrete‐time Markov Chains (DTMCs) can be used to effectively model and analyze the problem of providing guided tours to tourists during the off‐peak season. Next, we model the existence of a capacity constraint and then show how DTMC theory can be used to derive a metric of interest to an optimizing tour providing firm, namely, the long run fraction of tourists to whom the firm under study is unable to provide tours. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Does Adaptive Capacity Influence Service Delivery? Evidence from Swedish Emergency Management Collaborations

Abstract

The relationship between adaptive capacity and collaborative performance is a central issue within public management research but has rarely been subjected to systematic empirical testing. Using survey data on emergency preparedness collaborations in Swedish municipalities (N = 263), this article investigates the relationship between three adaptive capacity variables – diversity, interaction, and learning – and outcomes in terms of goal attainment, risk analysis, and public satisfaction with rescue services. The findings suggest a positive relationship between the number of collaboration partners and goal attainment, while learning and accessibility of collaboration venues were unassociated with service delivery variables.     

Collaborative Network Capacity

Abstract

This article argues that collaborative network success is a function of having the necessary social, knowledge, and financial capital, and the capacity to manage that capital through collaborative governance and knowledge management. This theory is examined through a comparative case study of two early childhood/school readiness networks. The evidence suggests that both collaborative governance and knowledge management enable collaborative networks to use their resources wisely and that organizational commitment to the network, the role of data collection and sharing, and the challenges of information technology all bear further investigation as important components of collaborative network capacity.