大零岭自然保护区植物资源的开发利用

介绍了大零岭自然保护区植物资源的特点，分析了开发利用的方向，提出了利用和保护的建议。     

新西兰储备银行的流动性监管新政策及启示

金融危机后,新西兰储备银行致力于加强银行体系流动性的审慎监管,近期对商业银行推行核心融资比率,此项新型流动性监管政策被称为继通胀目标制之后,新西兰储备银行首推的又一项新的货币政策工具。本文对其推出背景、总体框架及作用进行了研究,并在此基础上提出对我国银行流动性监管的启示。     

准备金率和资本充足率影响商业银行贷款规模的机制分析

货币银行传统理论认为:货币当局以准备金率控制贷款规模,以资本充足率控制贷款风险。本文从分析准备金与资本充足率对贷款规模的约束机制入手,引入银行资产负债表模型,证明银行贷款规模主要受资本充足率影响。研究结论是:准备金率对贷款规模的控制作用已经弱化,资本充足率对贷款规模的控制作用趋强。     

投标人平行串谋与最优公开保留价博弈分析

本文将投标人平行串谋问题与招标人公开保留价定价策略相结合,研究了第二价格密封招标方式下投标串谋联盟的串谋报价及利润分配机制,分析了串谋联盟的存在对非串谋联盟中成员的投标策略和期望利润的影响,揭示了串谋联盟成员人数与串谋联盟总收益之间的关系,探讨了招标人公开保留价定价策略、串谋联盟成员人数与招标公开保留价之间的关系,指出了招标人应通过降低公开保留价的方式来防止或减少投标人平行串谋行为的发生。     

Most-Favored Treatment Provisions as Nondiscrimination Guarantees

A firm employs suppliers who make specific investments. Because output demand is uncertain and the cost of enumerating contingencies high, the firm retains some unilateral control over the input quantities it purchases. To allay suppliers’ concerns over potential opportunism the firm must commit not to pit them against one another ex post by threatening to buy less from those who refuse to discount their prices. By extending most-favored treatment guarantees the firm commits not to discriminate. In some circumstances this generates efficient and opportunism-free outcomes. In others it is less effective but may remain attractive relative to other options. Evidence from field market contracts for natural gas corroborates this nondiscrimination hypothesis.     

Taxable treatment of the subsistence level of income in German Natural Law

Natural Law has influenced German tax theories up to the present day. It has also influenced the request for the subsistence level exemption and the granting of a basic allowance, which only developed their full persuasiveness when derived from Natural Law. This paper shows that Natural Law tax theory (mid 1600s to early 1800s), based the subsistence level tax exemption on the right to live, the individualistic state contract theory and the ability-to-pay principle. It also reveals that Adam Smith's view regarding ability-to-pay as a basis for taxation was already contained in British Natural Law and in older German traditions.     

Commodity futures contracts: Furnishing an elastic currency in the nineteenth century

In this paper, I show that nineteenth century US interest rates are relatively more volatile before 1874 and I propose, and demonstrate how, commodity futures trading is the likely principal proximate explanation for this change in behavior. Borrowing from Turnovsky [Econometrica 51 (1983) 1363], I model the optimizing behaviors of risk averse producers and risk neutral speculators in the absence and presence of futures contracts and I show that, so long as one party to a futures contract was risk averse, futures markets would have quelled interest rate volatility caused by variations in planting and harvesting conditions.     

城市土地储备运作机制现状与优化探讨

通过对我国城市土地储备运作机制的分析，指出其取得的成效与存在问题，并从构建城市土地一级市场竞争供给，通过盘活存量土地促进土地市场化交易，建立土地储备制度阶段性目标三方面优化土地储备机制。     

新疆发展国际旅游服务贸易的思考

新疆发展国际旅游服务贸易可以充分发挥其资源优势,促进新疆产业结构升级,促进新疆经济资源的优化配置,因而应大力推进。但当前新疆发展国际旅游服务贸易存在的问题亦不容忽视,可通过加快研究和制定旅游服务贸易政策,改善旅游基础设施,优化旅游产业结构,提高旅游行业素质来提升新疆旅游服务贸易竞争力。     

A framework for analyzing money stock control under the Monetary Control Act

This paper analyzes the money stock effects of the Monetary Control Act (MCA) under a nonborrowed reserve (NBR) operating procedure. Prior to the passage of the MCA, policy was conducted under an interest rate operating target where reserve requirement reforms such as those introduced by the MCA had little influence on money stock variability. Under an NBR procedure however, the structure of reserve requirements may have a significant impact on monetary control. Our analysis indicates that the relative improvement in monetary control greatly depends on the degree of tightness exercised by the Federal Reserve over total reserves in an MCA regime. The tighter the control, the more significant the estimated monetary control benefits of the MCA under an NBR procedure.