人力资本质量、异质性对FDI区位选择的影响

区域人力资本对外商直接投资(FDI)影响的研究多集中在人力资本平均质量上,却忽视了人力资本在区域内部也存在结构差异,即异质性问题.文章构建了一个全面考虑人力资本质量与异质性的FDI区位选择模型,对我国各省及东中西三个经济地带的实证研究,不仅验证了人力资本质量与 FDI 的正向相关性,更得出人力资本异质性与负向相关这一重要结论;人力资本异质性对的影响程度甚至强于人力资本质量.     

存款异质性与货币政策传导——基于不同层次城市比较视角

不同层次城市的存款差异较大。城市越大,企业存款、活期存款占比越高,流动性也越强。实证分析表明,无论是数量调控、还是价格调控,对小城市的影响程度都弱于大中城市,这说明我国货币政策传导存在着从中央到地方的层级效应。     

出口贸易、企业异质性和生产率:一个比较优势的分析框架

引入比较优势理念分析贸易与行业生产率增长之间的关系,构成企业异质性视野下出口贸易影响生产率的机理。通过数理模型构建出口贸易、比较优势与生产率之间关系的模型,并通过企业微观数据和行业层面数据对此关系进行实证检验。     

Marketing,cooperatives and price heterogeneity: evidence from the CIS dairy sector

Drawing on survey data, this article identifies the determinants of variations in farm gate milk prices for three CIS countries (Armenia, Moldova, and Ukraine). We apply a multi‐level modeling approach, specifically a bootstrapped mixed‐effects linear regression model. The analysis suggests three main strategies to improve the price received by farmers for their output: consolidation, competition for output, and stable supply chain relationships. In Armenia and Ukraine selling through a marketing cooperative has a significant, positive, albeit modest, effect on farm gate milk prices. In all three countries studied, the size of dairy operations, trust, and contracting also affect positively the prices received by farmers.     

技术性贸易措施影响中国制造业出口的实证分析——基于企业异质性视角的研究

文章在企业异质性视角下,利用修正后的引力模型,分析了影响2004～2007年中国制造业29个子产业出口的因素。研究表明多数子产业同质性程度较高,产出和出口主要集中于众多中小企业。考虑企业异质性情形下,产业内出口规模对贸易壁垒引起的贸易成本变化更加敏感。研究也发现较之距离缩短,技术性贸易措施减少引起的贸易成本降低有更明显的贸易促进效应。     

Aid Modalities and Budgetary Response: Panel Data Evidence

We investigate the budgetary effects of project and program financing on the behavior of recipient governments. For this purpose, we developed a simple fiscal response model. The solution of the model is then tested using panel data techniques for a relatively large sample of 106 aid-recipient countries spanning the period 1970–2001. With respect to public expenditure, our results suggest that the impacts of project aid and financial program aid on total expenditure are positive and statistically significant. In terms of the composition of total expenditure, we find that project aid flows are associated with increases in capital expenditure while financial program aid is associated with an increase in government consumption. Turning to the revenue side we found no evidence that aid flows, project or financial program aid, are associated with a reduction in taxation effort. The evidence also shows that project aid flows are associated with an increase in trade tax. JEL no. F35, H2, H5     

Technological evolution as creative destruction of process heterogeneity: evidence from US plant-level data

Change in evolutionary economics is predicated on the creative destruction of variety. Despite the importance of the concept of variety, or heterogeneity, in evolutionary economic theory, empirical work that examines the character of variety – its extent and its persistence – is still scarce. Drawing on unpublished, micro-level data from the US Bureau of the Census, this paper examines the characteristics of process heterogeneity in selected US manufacturing industries. More specifically the paper has three goals. First, to demonstrate that heterogeneity in plant technologies exists and that it persists over time even within relatively mature industrial sectors. Second, to examine the veracity of the processes that generate and destroy heterogeneity in production technology within narrowly defined industries. Third, to link the heterogeneity of plant-level techniques of production to the pace and direction of technological change at the level of the industry.     

能源消费与经济增长关联特征的分解分析

经济增长促进能源的开发和利用,能源作为经济发展的动力因素同时也制约着经济的增长,正确认识能源与经济增长的关系,有利于中国能源发展战略政策的制定,确保中国经济健康、稳定、持续地发展。选取1980~2005年能源消费与经济增长数据,应用滤波和状态空间模型对能源消费与经济增长进行时间序列分解,从趋势成分分析两变量的长期均衡关系,从周期成分分析波动特征与协同关系,全面、细致地考察能源消费与经济增长的关联特征。     

论城乡二元教育与劳动力异质性

从教育经济学角度研究我国二元经济下城乡教育差异对劳动力的影响.我国的教育投资体系使城乡二元经济放大地投射到教育领域,引起城乡教育一系列不对称,形成二元教育.在二元教育下,农村学生接受较低质基础教育,基础知识薄弱,学习能力差,进入劳动力市场后对生产技能掌握不足;同时在进入更高层次教育的选拔考试中处于劣势,在受教育的质量和数量两方面都低于城市学生,最终导致低生产率,形成城乡劳动力异质性.在二元经济下,应对农村教育实行倾斜性政策,加大农村基础教育投入,弱化城乡教育二元化,逐渐消除城乡劳动力整体性差异.     

Firm heterogeneity and location choice of Chinese Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)

Using data on 194 location choices in 32 countries for a decade, we investigated locational determinants of Chinese Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). We found that State-Owned MNEs, compared to their peers without controlling state equity, are less concerned about political risk of the host country, but more responsive to favorable exchange rate between Chinese RMB and the host currency. Strategic intent of Chinese MNEs affects their location choice in a way that manufacturing oriented investment, compared to trading subsidiaries, is more attracted to countries with large market size and more deterred by high cost structure of the host country.