基于三阶段DEA模型的中国城市效率研究

使用三阶段DEA模型,在排除外部环境条件和随机误差影响的情况下,对2001—2007年中国266个地级及以上城市的效率进行了评价,并探讨了中国城市效率的环境响应机制。结果显示:中国城市效率受城市空间格局、区位条件、政府竞争环境、人口环境和历史条件等外部环境条件以及随机误差的影响;具体而言,外部城市影响程度强或区位条件较好有助于降低城市要素投入的冗余水平;政府竞争环境较激烈或历史发展条件较优越会促使城市要素投入冗余水平提高;人口环境对城市各类要素投入的影响存在显著差异。     

Career plateauing reactions: the moderating role of job scope,role ambiguity and participation among Canadian managers

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect and the interactive effect of job scope, role ambiguity and participation in decision-making on relationships between career plateauing and outcomes. A cross-sectional survey of 3,065 Canadian managers shows that these job characteristics can contribute to limiting the negative consequences associated with career plateauing. Moreover, in accordance with the theory of work–situation fit, some double moderating effects are found. The attitudes and behaviours of plateaued managers are significantly more positive when their job is richer and offers an opportunity to participate in decision-making. However, contrary to evidence in the literature, results show that reactions to career plateauing are more positive for managers who perceive that their job is richer and their role more ambiguous. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

Prioritising alternatives for sustainable end-of-life vehicle disassembly in China using AHP methodology

The projection on Chinese increasing end-of-life vehicle (ELV) volumes indicates that the volume in 2020 will be about threefold that in 2015. The issue of scrapping vehicle upsurge relative to capacity crunches and environmental impacts perplexes Chinese dismantlers and it is intractable and urgent to choose an appropriate dismantling mode. The purpose of this study is to prioritise four potential dismantling modes and provide decision-making reference for dismantlers with a view to such criteria as environmentally sustainable considering constraints involving economy, technique, ecology and flexibility over changing condition. The conducted evaluation by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology takes sensitive and problematic aspects into account through questionnaires. The whole evaluation process supported by expert preferences, provides a simple and intuitive knowledge to construct arguments for ELV decision-making process. Results show that disassembly line involves the highest global weight of 0.363 and is concluded to be the best compromised ecological alternative.     

基于灰色系统模型的城乡建设用地规模预测——以常德市鼎城区为例

土地利用总体规划是区域性的综合规划,为地方性的经济发展提供科学和法律依据.建设用地的有效供给是地方经济发展基础,建设用地需求量预测是土地利用总体规划编制的核心,也是土地利用管理的依据.为了切实搞好常德市鼎城区的土地利用总体规划,使之更具有前瞻性、可操作性,必须切合实际地搞好建设用地需求规模和布局的预测.采用灰色系统模型,通过灰色关联度分析,建设用地发展与GDP、总人口、市镇人口、社会固定资产投资、人均GDP、第二产业产值、第三产业产值密切相关.基于这些因子,采用灰色系统模型法、建立GM(1,1)灰色模型,进行了2010年和2020年的城乡建设用地规模的预测.GM(1,1)模型可以进行长期预测,但预测仅反映一种趋势,综合考虑驱动因素的灰色线性组合模型更具有预测的可靠性.利用GM(1,1)模型和线性模型组合,进行城乡建设用地规模预测,可为土地利用总体规划提供可靠的保证.     

城市发展新机遇的选择——低碳城市模式探析

在城市化进程不断加快的情况下,能源供应紧张、环境污染等城市问题愈加严重,选择低碳经济城市这种新的发展模式将给我们带来新契机,从而有效解决城市化进程中复杂的环境和能源问题,促进城市可持续发展.低碳城市作为新型城市发展模式的重要组成部分,它不是简单的城市减排和能源增效,而是以构建可持续发展的生态城市作为其最终发展目标的.文章从新型城市发展模式中选取低碳城市加以认真分析,探讨低碳经济背景下的低碳城市内涵,介绍国内外低碳城市建设的实践,提出未来低碳城市建设的新思路.     

Conceptual niche management of grassroots innovation for sustainability: The case of body disposal practices in the UK

The grassroots has recently been identified as an alternative site for the development of innovations that may contribute to shifts towards more sustainable systems of consumption and production. While the characteristics of these innovations have been elaborated, it remains unclear how these alternative ideas and practices can be purposively supported to populate incumbent systems. This is especially so in light of the difficulty the grassroots face in connecting forcefully with the mainstream.This article will address this issue by outlining an adaptation of conceptual niche management - an approach that focuses on the embedding of guiding principles used to fulfill basic societal needs - that is sensitive to grassroots innovation. The framework will be applied to the current UK body disposal system to illustrate how such transformative sustainability ideas may be capitalised on.     

投资者会听话听音吗??--基于管理层语调视角的实证研究

我国投资者会听话听音吗？文章利用文本分析方法,基于我国上市公司2005－2012年年度业绩说明会上的管理层语调数据对此进行了实证检验。研究发现,投资者对管理层的净正面语调做出了显著的正向反应,尤其是对负面语调做出了显著的负向反应。这表明在我国强调“意会”的语境文化背景下,投资者会听话听音,管理层语调具有信息含量,上市公司的业绩说明会具有其自身的存在价值。文章的研究结果还意味着,“词袋”方法及其构建的管理层语调用词列表在我国儒家文化背景下具有一定的适用性,值得开展进一步的研究。     

Migration,self‐selection and income distributions

Self‐selection in rural–urban migration is examined using three datasets from rural and urban China in 2002. We construct a migrant sample including both migrants who converted their hukou status from rural to urban (permanent migrants) and those who did not (temporary migrants). We find a strong positive selection for permanent migrants, but the selection for temporary migrants is ambiguous. We reach these conclusions by comparing migrants' counterfactual wage densities, assuming they are paid as rural local workers, to actual wage densities of rural local workers. Our results imply that permanent migration has negative effects on rural human capital accumulation and income levels.     

企业并购后的和谐整合模式

本文结合和谐管理理论的基本思想,分析了和谐整合的必要性,引入和谐度的概念,并对其设定适应性、明确性、匹配性三个指标,在此基础上提出了企业并购后的和谐整合模式,以期能为企业并购整合提供借鉴。     

从“其他绿地”到“区域绿地”： 城市非建设用地下的绿地规划转型 与优化

新版《城市绿地分类标准》(CJJ/T 85—2017)以“区域绿地”代替“其他绿地”，这为城市非建设用地下绿地的保护利用提出了新的要求和目标。解读新标准指导下城市非建设用地中的绿地建设发展要求并进行科学合理的规划，是响应当前城市绿色发展新形势和满足人民日益增长的美好生活新需求所面临的重要课题之一。聚焦从“其他绿地”到“区域绿地”的分类调整，分析新标准下区域绿地的内涵和特征。以河北省承德市为例，结合城乡发展需求，阐述区域绿地规划的核心转型思路。并从目标、内容、方法和评价等方面，论述区域绿地设定下城市非建设用地中绿地规划的具体内容和方向。最后从空间政策、发展引导、部门合作和大众参与等方面，提出了规划实施保障优化的策略。以“区域绿地”的解读为源，聚焦当前城市建设用地内外绿地规划建设割裂的现状问题，提出区域绿地规划的转型优化措施和实践经验，以期为新时代中国城市绿色空间的拓展与优化提供参考。