论林业生产的管理措施

从种子的采收、播种、苗期管理、造林、新造林管理、中幼林管理以及近成熟林管理等七方面分析林业生产的具体管理措施。     

水稻精简栽培模式对产量效益的影响

随着农村经济结构的调整,农村劳动力分配形式随之转变,从事农业生产的劳动力逐渐减少,水稻生产规模和生产方式出现了多样化,突出表现在水稻插秧方式的变革。对插秧效果、生育进程、抗逆性及产量效益进行调查分析,以便为今后推广应用提供理论和实践依据。     

物流系统的数学模型

作为企业“第三利润源泉”的物流,对其成本的控制目前已经成为物流合理化进程中的热点问题。文章把物流系统看成是一个特殊的生产系统,用柯布一道格拉斯生产函数方程对其进行建模。把物流系统的产出——满足服务需求看成是此方程的产出,把运输费用、储存费用和管理费用看戍是投入．对物流系统的数学建模提供了一个新的方法。最后用这个物流系统模型对社会物流系统进行了实例验证。     

The ‘old’ and ‘new’ competition and Malaysian manufacturing firms: a case study

The majority of empirical studies dealing with production processes, work organization and industrial relations practices have been conducted in advanced industrial nations. This article reports on a study of the changing nature of work organization and industrial relations policies in the developing economy of Malaysia. It explores the broad patterns of change in human resource management, technology and work organization among Malaysian manufacturing firms in the context of Best's ‘old’ and ‘new’ competition. The question that arises is: does the evidence reveal that Malaysia is embracing elements of the ‘new competition’, or is it still locked into a regime of mass production, or both? The article argues that the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ competition should not be treated as a simple, straightforward duality model of development. The distinction between the two approaches is sometimes blurred and not so clear-cut. The case study observes that both systems could be operating side by side at the same time within an organization. Since the Malaysian manufacturing sector is expected to shift from simple assembly and process-type operations using labour-intensive techniques to the more advanced and higher value-added industries, greater investment in HRD to upgrade the skills of the work-force and the adoption of appropriate industrial relations policies that emphasize decentralization, greater employee involvement and continuous innovation will become crucial. To be able to compete successfully in the global economy would require a change in focus in the adoption of industrial relations and human resource development policies. For Malaysia to realize its aspiration to become an industrialized and developed nation by the year 2020 would require radical changes in those policies within the context of an integrated approach to economic and industrial planning.     

The spillover effects of biofuel policy on participation in the conservation reserve program

This paper studies the spillover effects of rising biofuel production on participation in the Conservation Reserve Program. Landowner participation decisions are modeled using a real options framework. We develop a land use decision model that captures biofuel-driven structural changes in market demand and derive threshold conditions that trigger participation in the program. We then quantify the impacts of biofuel production on participation at both the national and state levels using Monte Carlo simulations. The model is also used to analyze how changes in the persistence of the biofuel production boom and in the volatility of farming returns affect conservation participation decisions. Policy implications of the results are discussed.     

基于D-S证据理论的生产计划敏捷性评价

生产计划是企业得以顺利运营的核心组成部分,为了使企业适应外部动态竞争环境的动态变化,生产计划应具有动态响应能力—敏捷性。本文将生产计划敏捷性分为四个层次:时间(Time)、成本(Cost)、鲁棒性(Robustness)和自适应性范围(Scope of Change),并构建了生产计划敏捷性的评价指标体系。为了体现影响决策因素的多样性,本文基于证据理论建立面向多专家决策的生产计划敏捷性模型,并通过算例分析,说明生产计划敏捷性的评价过程。     

煤矿井下生产管理及循环作业探讨

本文从煤矿井下生产管理的角度入手,首先针对煤矿井下生产管理的主要功能以及工作要点进行了分析,进而从煤炭质量管理的角度入手,研究了采煤工作面以及掘进工作面中保障煤炭开采质量的主要措施与方法,最后研究了煤矿井下工作面生产循环工序合理的安排方法,希望能够在提高煤矿井下工作质量与水平方面发挥相应的功效与价值。     

单件离散型生产作业排程的多目标协同优化

以某重机企业为背景,分析了单件离散型生产作业排程的特征,提出多目标协同优化问题。基于改进的田口质量损失函数,确立质量、工期与成本之间的非线性关系,综合考虑单件离散型的约束条件,构建了生产作业排程多目标协同优化模型。集成仿真技术和遗传算法,为模型求解提供了有效方法。最后将模型和算法应用到企业的生产实践中,验证了其实用性和有效性,为解决单件离散型生产排程问题提供了科学方法。     

辅助生产计划成本分配法教学改进小议

辅助生产计划成本分配法在教学过程中往往出现学生困惑重重无法理解,而教师是努力解释却又无法解释清楚的困境。因此,在不考虑反映和考核辅助生产车间业绩的情况下,教师可以重新对计划成本分配法厘清思路,不需要交互分配,只需将生产费用按计划分配率根据外部各受益对象的实际耗用量直接分配,简化核算又不影响最终分配结果,使学生较快理解和掌握。     

浅谈基层党支部在企业安全工作中的优势与作用

本文从党支部书记的角度,阐述作为基层党支部与本单位安全生产之间的关系,结合石油化工行业安全生产的特性,有效地发挥支部优势,引导员工通过开展一系列安全活动,不断提高员工安全意识和安全技能,将支部日常工作较好的融入企业安全生产,减少安全事故,杜绝危害发生,从而为企业生产、经营与发展保驾护航。