苏里格气田定向井钻井技术探讨

苏里格气田地质结构较为复杂,钻采开发以定向井和水平井为主,本文主要是针对定向井施工的工艺技术进行分析探讨,探讨了制约技术提速的瓶颈所在,分析了在不同地层、井深选用不同的钻头及钻具结构及井眼轨迹对提高钻井速度的影响,形成了一套成熟的钻井思路及配套技术;同时也探索了定向井新的提速思路,为下一步持续提速明确了主攻方向。     

基于体积分方程法的起伏地形三维电场正演

利用体积分方程实现了起伏地形三维电场的正演模拟。首先推导了起伏地形条件下的积分方程,在求解电并矢格林函数积分这一关键问题时,将其分解为一次电流项、一次电荷项和二次项;随后进行了模型试算,结果表明电场在地形和地下不均匀体处均有异常出现。     

德国双元制职业教育模式探析与对比

本文主要研究德国双元制职业教育模式,从培养目标与学习形式、专业设置、教学改革和就业情况等方面分析了该教育模式的特点。并通过政、校、企合作办学、课程改革、综合素质培养以及师资队伍等四个方面对比了中德两国在职业教育上的差异。     

基于空间受限条件下城际轨道交通梁场规划方案优化研究

结合穗莞深城际轨道交通洪梅梁场建设的实践经验,详细介绍了在沿线路方向场地空间极为有限、不符合常规布置方案的条件下,采用单、双线和25m、30m均可共用的制、存梁台座等方法对梁场规划布置方案进行比选和优化进而制定出适合该梁场实际情况的规划方案,并通过实际生产验证其可行性,对同类条件下城际轨道交通及铁路客运专线制梁场的规划方案的设计具有指导意义。     

儿童用品标准化的现状分析

本文介绍了我国儿童用品行业的发展现状,以及我同儿童用品标准化工作的发展状况,通过市场调研,了解了目前部分儿童用占占由于标准不完善而仔在的安全隐患,提出了对今后我国儿童用品标准化工作的建议。     

市场潜力、经济集聚与地区间工资差异

基于劳动力、产业在地区间分布的不平衡性以及地区间工资差异的事实,本文构建了一个市场潜力与工资的新经济地理学(NEG)理论模型。理论分析表明:市场潜力对工资产生正面影响。市场潜力对工资产生正面影响来自两种渠道:一是市场潜力引发了经济集聚效应;二是市场潜力产生了逆经济集聚。相比之下,市场潜力引发了经济集聚效应更能提高和扩大地区工资水平与差异,因为经济集聚需要更低的贸易成本、较大的市场规模以及较高的经济发展水平。     

Leadership in agricultural machinery circles: experimental evidence from Tajikistan

Leadership is critical for the viability of rural groups. The way in which leadership is legitimised can mediate leader and group member behaviour in the face of social dilemmas. Yet there has been scant research on leader‐follower dynamics in naturally occurring groups. Highlighting the case of agricultural machinery circles in Tajikistan, the effect of leading by example on investments to a collective good is studied in a framed field experiment. To increase realism, and contrary to standard economic experiments, this investment is a voucher allowing the group to make a real‐world machinery purchase at reduced costs. Two treatments manipulate leaders’ legitimisation. Elected leaders achieve 30 per cent higher contributions to the collective investment against a baseline version without a leader. Contributions remain, on average, relatively stable over the course of the game. The results are discussed with reference to the debate on external intervention in agricultural producer organisations.     

Spatial and temporal analyses of potential land use conflict under the constraints of water resources in the middle reaches of the Heihe River

With the rapid urbanization in China, land resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Identifying and resolving land use conflict is essential for reasonably using land resources and achieving land sustainability. Taking the middle reaches of the Heihe River as an example, we included the constraints of local water resources to construct a multi-criteria evaluation system for assessing land use competitiveness in 2000 and 2015 based on land use, socio-economic, and nighttime light data. By comparing the competitiveness of cultivated land, construction land and ecological land, we then derived the spatiotemporal patterns of potential land use conflicts. Actual land use changes supported the hypothesis that land use tended to convert into the type with higher competitiveness at areas with intense conflict, which better indicated that our assessment model was effective. The results showed that the potential land use conflict was more acute in the central and northwest but weak in the southeast and northeast, and its pattern showed a significantly positive spatial autocorrelation. The conflict between cultivated land and construction land was most prominent and mainly occurred in the transitional zone from urban to rural areas. Rapid urban development and water shortage were the main causes of the potential land use conflict. Assessing land use multi-functions and making a tradeoff among ecological, economic, and social services will be an effective way to guide future land use to solve land use conflict. Our research provides scientific evidence for sustainable land use planning and management in the arid areas.     

美、德、英三国医药领域技术转移中介组织及其运作机制研究

技术中介组织是促进医药领域科技成果直接进入流通领域,参与市场交换并加速转化的重要中间环节。通过对美国、德国和英国三国的医药领域技术中介组织比较考察和细致分析,可以发现它们相似的模式,背后遵循着共同的内在规律,即科技中介组织在科技与经济、政府与科技之间建立起了有效的联系渠道。借鉴三国经验,中国医药科技中介组织建设宜遵循专业化、综合化、规范化和市场化的发展思路。     

论田径运动的文化内涵

体育的文化内涵是各种运动形式的本质属性的总和。田径运动作为体育运动的重要项目,在对体育文化的研究过程中,必然成为重要主题之一。通过文献资料与逻辑方法的研究表明:田径运动具备文化属性和特征,其蕴含着现代社会所崇尚的人文精神,它不仅在促进人类生理、心理健康方面发挥着积极的作用,而且具有明显的商业价值。