技术权力、组织间信任影响领导行为的跨案例研究

在技术创新网络中,非对称的技术权力和不同程度的组织间信任引致了核心企业对合作企业采取不同领导行为。从心理定位视角出发,基于技术权力和组织间信任两个变量提出核心企业的4种领导行为——技术锁定、技术防御、技术扶持与技术标准,通过跨案例研究,分析论证了这4种领导行为,并对合作过程中核心企业的领导行为进行了科学解释,以帮助合作企业科学预测领导行为,进而提高运行绩效和网络地位。     

集群中核心企业网络权力对配套企业合作行为的影响

网络权力是企业网络中的热点问题之一。探讨了在中国集群情境下,核心企业网络权力对与之合作的配套企业合作行为的影响,同时引入关系资本,探究其调节效应。运用理论与实证研究方法,基于对238份企业调查数据的分析,研究得出：核心企业知识权力、地位权力及感召权力均与配套企业合作行为正相关;此外,关系资本正向调节核心企业网络权力与配套企业合作行为之间的关系。     

The power of quality models: The example of the SIQ model for performance excellence

Most contemporary total quality management (TQM) practice is influenced, directly or indirectly, by structured, acontextual and standardized quality models. The present paper focuses on the strategic introduction of one such model, namely the Swedish Institute for Quality (SIQ) model for performance excellence, in a Swedish public-sector organization, which we refer to as ‘the Authority.’ We take our theoretical stance from Foucault's concept of ‘power/knowledge.’ In describing the case, we focus on the management team of one of the Authority's ten regions. Our analysis shows the members of the management team using the SIQ model to objectify both the organization and themselves as managers. However, contrary to many critical or managerial accounts, the SIQ model was not totalizing: management subjectivities changed but were not entirely reconstituted, and some resistance to them was generated by the members of the management team, in their role as professionals.     

非农工作经历与农民社会关系网络

采用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2008年的数据,考察非农工作经历对农民社会关系网络的影响。结果发现,相对于无非农工作经历的农民而言,具有非农工作经历的农民拥有更多的社会关系网络,这不仅在于非农工作自身的集体化作业性质相对于分散的农业生产具有更广泛的人际接触机会,而且非农工作经历调整和改变了个体拓展社会关系网络的态度和能力。采用最新发展的基于R2的夏普里值分解发现,非农工作经历对于形成农民间社会关系网络差距具有重要影响,贡献率可达8.67%,仅次于党员身份、教育程度以及性格因素位列第4。这一结果表明,在城乡劳动力资源配置出现新一轮调整、农村劳动力转移步伐缓慢甚至回流的经济形势下,政府需要加大政策力度通过各种渠道坚定不移地支持农村劳动力的非农就业。因为这不仅能够带动农民收入和农村经济发展,而且还有助构建新型社会网络的农村社会。     

农村土地集体所有制对劳资关系形成的积极影响及启示

农村土地集体所有制作为一种"普照的光",使中国劳资关系形成跨越了残酷的原始积累阶段,避免了劳资关系发展初期易发的尖锐冲突,使中国劳资关系伴随着工业化城市化进程协调发展。社会主义公有制不仅需要而且可以与市场经济相结合,并使市场经济的作用得到有益发挥。必须坚定不移走社会主义道路,积极发挥社会主义基本制度的优势,更好更快地推进中国现代化进程,实现中华民族伟大复兴。     

知识权力视角下悖论式领导对研发团队创新的作用及影响机制研究

结合领导力、知识管理及创新相关理论,基于中国情境构建并检验链接悖论式领导与团队创新关系的理论模型,从知识—权力转化视角探讨悖论式领导对团队创新的作用机制及边界条件。研究得出,悖论式领导对创新团队的知识权力集中度有显著正向影响,进而通过知识创造、知识整合等阶段性过程作用于团队创新;在领导权力与知识权力的转化及承接过程中,高竞争性价值观会提升悖论式领导对知识权力集中度的作用,低竞争性价值观会削弱悖论式领导对知识权力集中度的作用。     

论企业与自然关系协调中的技术选择

人们在检讨工业文明带给人类的后果时,对工业文明的技术的缺陷进行深刻认知。并非是所有的基于当代科学而产生的技术都可以满足可持续发展的需要。为实现人类社会的可持续发展,在实践中,必须对不断涌现的技术进行有标准的选择。我们把经过选择的技术称为“恰当技术”,“恰当技术”的采用展示了可持续发展的美好前景。     

市场势力、资产专用性与企业研发投入:来自卖方与买方双维度考量的实证研究

在纵向关联市场中,市场势力和资产专用性是企业创新研发投入的重要影响因素。基于2012-2016年我国121家医药制造业上市公司微观数据,从买方与卖方双重视角探究市场势力、资产专用性与企业创新研发投入的关系。结果表明：买方势力、卖方势力与企业研发投入之间均呈现“倒U型”关系,即当买卖双方市场势力较小时,市场势力对企业研发投入的正向“激励效应”占主导地位;在市场势力超过一定水平后,市场势力对企业研发投入的负向“挤出效应”占主导地位,且相比于专用性资产投资强度较低的医药企业而言,卖方势力与买方势力对具有高资产专用性强度的医药企业研发投入所产生的“倒U型”影响更为显著。     

The dynamics of university-industry-government relationships in Nanoscience: investigating the Triple-Helix differences between Iran and Switzerland

This study aims to find the differences between national and international relationships in Iran and Switzerland’s Nanoscience research between 2008–2015. The results show significant differences some of which are attributed to the general dichotomy of developed-developing countries like stronger University-Industry-Government relations in Switzerland; but others are not, especially those pertaining to bilateral relations. In summary, the Government-Industry relations in Switzerland are generally closer in this field because the emerging characteristics of Nanoscience call for more state intervention, even in the context of developed countries. Greater Government-University relations in Iran can be explained by referring to the structure of national innovation system of this country. However, the no significant differences between University-Industry relations result needs further research so that it may in turn lead to improvements of the triple-helix calculations. Lastly, some theoretical implications and further research directions are suggested at the end.     

Inter-local relations and trans-scaling through finance in Poland

Inter-local cooperation is difficult to measure. In Poland, however, the data-set concerning financial transfers between local government budgets (one of the most popular quantitative measures of cooperation) has never been described in scientific literature. This paper aims at contributing to fill this gap. On the basis of the budget expenditures of all Polish local governments, we applied two research methods: OLS regression and Heckman two-stage regression. The results show that the decision whether to get into cooperation, and the decision on the extent of involvement are driven by different factors.