基于京津冀协同发展的孵化器绩效实证研究

京津冀协同发展拓宽了河北省发展空间,有效促进了河北省孵化器发展。在京津冀协同发展背景下,实证检验河北省域内2013-2019年的孵化器绩效,以人力资源、物力资源、财力资源为投入指标,构建经济效益、孵化效益和社会效益三维模型。研究发现：人力资源对孵化器经济效益、孵化效益和社会效益具有显著正向影响;物力资源对孵化效益和社会效益具有正向影响,但对经济效益具有负向影响;财力资源对孵化效益和社会效益均未产生正向影响。最后,对各变量间的差异化影响进行解释,提出提升孵化器绩效的对策建议,助力河北省域经济发展。     

论数据权益的刑法保护——民刑交错视角下的法益保护论探讨

关于“数据权益的刑法保护”问题,在理论层面上,可从“刑法解释论”和“刑法立法论”两种路径进行探讨。“刑法解释论”探讨路径以现行《刑法》罪名体系为出发点,主要任务是揭示哪些罪名的犯罪构成之设置是以“数据权益”为规范保护目的;“刑法立法论”探讨路径是在刑法立法层面上探讨立法者为在刑法政策上实现数据权益的刑法保护这一目的,动用刑罚禁止何种行为类型才具正当性的问题。然而,两种探讨路径都将依赖于“数据权益”的内涵确定以及法益格的认定问题,换言之,是刑法法益理论在数据权益刑法保护问题上的具体运用。《民法典》第127条并非是关于数据的确权性规定,且在民法理论界关于数据权益的法律属性存在诸多争议的状况下,“数据权益”内涵不明、法律属性不清导致其并不具备作为刑法保护客体的“法益”格。当前刑法理论界存在的关于“数据权益”的刑法类法益保护模式探讨路径,是对刑法法益保护方式的误读,并未触及“数据权益刑法保护”之规范层面问题的实质。“数据安全”法益观的探讨路径则不仅混淆了现象层面与规范层面上的“数据犯罪”概念的界分,也由于没有论证“数据安全”如何能够构成刑法的保护法益,而导致结论过于武断。在理论探讨上,应该明确作为行为客体的物理层面上的“数据”概念与作为保护客体的法益层面上的“数据权益”概念之间的区别,据此明确“数据权益的刑法保护”在规范层面上是否构成新问题。     

Fostering entrepreneurship in distressed urban neighbourhoods

During the last decade entrepreneurship research has focused increasingly on spatial aspects of entrepreneurship. Many systematic studies have been conducted on the national or regional scale, although other geographical scales—cities and their single districts and neighbourhoods—have drawn less attention. In this context, the paper aims, firstly, at identifying spatial success factors of entrepreneurial activities and their promotion at the local scale. Secondly, the paper aims at contributing to the development of a conceptual frame at the interface of entrepreneurship research, urban and economic geography, and regional economics. Empirically, the paper draws on results from explorative case studies in two distressed urban areas.     

公司道德与会计职业责任

道德依存的基础是人在经济活动过程中形成的经济利益关系。约束这种关系的规范依个体存在方式的不同而有不同的道德规范。一是作为独立个体人应当遵循的社会公德,二是作为某个组织成员,代表组织应遵循的道德规范。它们分别应当是家庭美德、公司道德和职业道德。目前社会主义市场经济建设中的道德建设应当重视和加强公司道德建设。会计职业道德建设的缺陷是过分强调职业道德在整个道德体系中的作用而忽视了公司道德建设。     

Telecommuting: The employee's perspective

Available telecommunication technology enables the substitution of commuting by “telecommuting”, or working at home, for a wide range of white collar occupations. Research on the potential of this phenomenon along with some ongoing experiments point at an array of social and personal benefits that may be realized by this working arrangement. An assessment of the possible implications of work-at-home on the individual employee indicate that the burden on him or her may be greater than the benefits accrued and, therefore, the journey to work may be a more desirable act than traditionally perceived by transportation planners. This paper focuses on two aspects of the work-at-home arrangement. Previous research on the sociology of work as well as preliminary empirical results indicate that 1) social interaction at work and 2) the need to separate home and work roles are important elements for the individual worker. The fact that work-at-home will affect these attributes, is likely to discourage wide-scale transition to this arrangement, despite the availability of the technology. Most research published to date on the subject is qualitative in nature, as only little empirical evidence is available. The objective of this paper is to stress, based on a wide literature review, the need for a thorough behavioral evaluation of the available technology to provide a sound basis for decision making on implementation of the technology.     

Auctions for social lending: A theoretical analysis

Prosper, today the second largest social lending marketplace with nearly 1.5 million members and $380 million in funded loans, employed an auction mechanism amongst lenders to finance each borrower's loan until 2010. Given that a basic premise of social lending is cheap loans for borrowers, how does the Prosper auction do in terms of the borrower's payment, when lenders are strategic agents with private true interest rates? We first analyze the Prosper auction as a game of complete information and fully characterize its Nash equilibria, and show that the uniform-price Prosper mechanism, while simple, can lead to much larger payments for the borrower than the VCG mechanism. We next compare the Prosper mechanism against the borrower-optimal auction in an incomplete information setting, and conclude by examining the Prosper mechanism when modeled as a dynamic auction, and provide tight bounds on the price for a general class of bidding strategies.     

论企业社会责任的多元性

企业在为股东牟利之外，是否还应承担一定的社会责任，一直以来学术界并未形成一致的看法，并形成了反对社会责任论、单一社会责任论和多元社会责任论等三种流派。随着时代的发展，尤其是企业活动对外部社会的影响加剧，企业对利益相关者承担多元社会责任已成为一种客观必然，这不仅是外部社会对企业的要求，也是企业自身实现可持续发展的要求。但是，要求企业承担多元社会责任并不意味着要企业办社会或无限制地承担责任。     

证券投资基金和保险资金对股票市场影响的实证分析

本文利用上海证券交易所于2007年7月30日至2008年12月31日期间公布的Topview数据,对证券投资基金、保险资金的交易行为进行了实证分析,结果发现证券投资基金的交易行为是上证180指数(及指数的自然对数和对数收益率)变化的单向Granger原因,而上证180指数与保险资金交易行为之间不存在Granger因果关系。通过对相关变量的模型分析,我们发现在样本期间证券投资基金的交易行为对上证180指数(取对数)及其对数收益率的均值产生了微弱的正向影响,但没有对上证180指数(取对数)及其对数收益率的波动性(以残差或条件方差衡量)产生统计上显著的影响。     

Limit theory for panel data models with cross sectional dependence and sequential exogeneity

The paper derives a general Central Limit Theorem (CLT) and asymptotic distributions for sample moments related to panel data models with large n$n$. The results allow for the data to be cross sectionally dependent, while at the same time allowing the regressors to be only sequentially rather than strictly exogenous. The setup is sufficiently general to accommodate situations where cross sectional dependence stems from spatial interactions and/or from the presence of common factors. The latter leads to the need for random norming. The limit theorem for sample moments is derived by showing that the moment conditions can be recast such that a martingale difference array central limit theorem can be applied. We prove such a central limit theorem by first extending results for stable convergence in Hall and Heyde (1980) to non-nested martingale arrays relevant for our applications. We illustrate our result by establishing a generalized estimation theory for GMM estimators of a fixed effect panel model without imposing i.i.d. or strict exogeneity conditions. We also discuss a class of Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimators that can be analyzed using our CLT.