Consumer Acceptance of the New Red-Fleshed Apple Variety

The aim of this study was to investigate consumer preference for the novel red-fleshed apple genotypes. The information presented provides us with insight into consumer propensity to accept a new variety with radical visible innovative attributes and societal demand for a more sustainable production. The survey was carried out on the population of a province in central Italy, where there is consumer demand for organic and high-quality foods. The consumers’ opinions contrasted greatly and can be divided into two groups. Over one quarter of the respondents declared that they did not like the innovative fruit. The cluster analysis and CHAID analyses were performed on the consumers’ responses to determine sample groupings. Three clusters were identified among the consumers with positive opinions, enthusiastic, health-conscious, and unmotivated illustrating how the hierarchical level of preferences of the potential consumers of the red-fleshed apple fruit are triggered by various motivations. The surveys also pointed out that most consumers of the sampled population were not biased against research activities producing innovative food products. A large number of consumers, especially women, declared that they were willing to pay a higher price considering the increased nutritional value of red-fleshed apple fruits. By examining the broad context of this study, decision-making researchers and operators of the fruit industry will be able to make informed and realistic predictions concerning possible future scenarios and to determine the possible effects and desirability.     

外资银行参股国有商业银行的价值分析——以建行IPO引进境外战略投资者为例

近年来,外资进入中国银行业的势头较猛,中行、建行、交行、工商银行目前都已引进了战略投资者。自从2005年建行在香港成功上市后,其IPO价格大大高于其转让给境外战略者股权的价格,引起了众多学者的关注。在引进战略投资者过程当中,银行股权如何定价、如何分析外资银行参股的价值以及引进之后所面临的问题,是一项重要的研究课题。     

外国直接投资与中国人力资本成长的实证分析——以“长三角”为例

文章从人力资本存量水平和人力资本效率水平两个角度,以“长三角”地区为案例,集中探讨了外商直接投资对我国人力资本成长的影响。研究资料显示,“长三角”地区外国直接投资每增加1%,该地区平均实际工资水平将增加0.31%。另一方面,从“长三角”地区近年来有外国直接投资支撑的制造业的劳动生产率的变化来看,同其它较少外国直接投资或者无外国直接投资支撑的行业相比,其人力资本效率水平一直保持在相对较高的水平上。“长三角”地区人力资本成长的政策含义是,今后外国直接投资的引进应当在遵循比较优势和要素自由流动的原则基础上,尽可能地与我国产业结构乃至就业结构的调整方向保持一致,而盲目追求外国直接投资的数量规模则是有害的。     

Shared ecological knowledge and wetland values: A case study

The estimation of wetlands’ non-use values to build up a total economic evaluation can be based on stated preference methods, which derives from the standard economic model that assumes a rational assessment of the consequence of preferences on personal utility. The paper describes the nature of the citizens’ shared ecological knowledge of wetlands functions, the relation of the shared ecological knowledge with the official/normative knowledge, and the relation between the motivations outlined by the shared ecological knowledge and those expected by the standard economic model. The results demonstrate that economic preferences are driven by multiple motivations well rooted in the social nature of shared ecological knowledge, and not by simply consequential motivations. In this case study, social knowledge of wetlands’ ecological functions is proportionally related to people's living proximity to those wetlands. Unexpectedly, shared ecological knowledge of historically well-known and critically important services, like the hydraulic and hydrologic services, has also been diminishing. Furthermore, there is a partial or clear-cut separation between official/normative knowledge and the shared ecological knowledge on crucial aspects like wetlands’ climate change role. This approach helps to construct a motivational framework to derive values that are useful as long as they allow accounting for a complex socio-cultural capital in the public decision making process.     

对魔鬼词典的词义分析

从概念意义、内涵意义、风格意义和感情意义等方面分析魔鬼词典的特点,可以看出,魔鬼词典作为一种新的文体虽然还有不成熟之处,但它已经赢得了越来越多读者的喜爱.汉语的魅力在于它数千年的传统,我们应该珍惜自己的文化,发掘它的智慧之美.     

Do Inward Investors Achieve their Job Targets?*

The paper utilizes data for north‐east England over the period 1985–98 to examine if foreign‐owned start‐up plants achieve their job targets. Different models are estimated, each shedding light on the relationship between the jobs promised by plants in their initial investment and their actual employment attained. On average, it is found that the plants achieve their job targets, but larger plants fall someway short. It is argued that these plants may deliberately overstate the number of jobs, and that the employment‐creation claims of inward investors and economic development agencies should be treated with skepticism.     

有效利用农村劳力资源的策略分析

本文从改变农村的劳力从业结构和提高农业纯收入劳动生产率两个方面探讨有效利用农村劳力资源的问题。首先建立了农村纯收入劳动生产率关于与农村劳力从业结构和农村各业纯收入劳动生产率的模型。然后分别探讨了基于农业纯收入劳动生产率的最大化与农村劳力从业结构的最优选择和如何提高农村各业纯收入劳动生产率的相关策略。     

浅议非营利组织在社会保障中的作用

受经济发展水平、经济结构、思想意识和价值观念等因素影响,目前在我国建立统一的社会保障体系面临许多现实问题。社会保障制度供给不能满足社会成员需求,有必要发挥制度外的力量来满足人民的需求。非营利组织以其非营利性和自愿性为核心特征,在发达国家提供社会福利方面扮演着重要角色。结合我国国情,借鉴国外经验,科学发展非营利组织对构建社会保障网具有重要意义。     

Spatio-temporal variances and risk evaluation of land finance in China at the provincial level from 1998 to 2017

Excessive dependence on land finance (hereafter LF) in China’s urbanisation process has generated various problems and compromised the interests of future generations, hence a transformation from “land urbanisation” to “population urbanisation” is now called for. Nevertheless, before turning towards a new urbanisation strategy, the spatio-temporal variances of LF and associated risks for regional sustainability deserve further investigation. This study developed a comprehensive evaluation indicator system from administrative, economic, social and ecological perspectives, to evaluate the LF risks at provincial scale in mainland China from 1998 to 2017, applying the combined AHP-Entropy method and Multi-Criteria analysis. The results indicated that land transfer dependence remained high across all provinces over the last two decades, and the LF risk increased accordingly. In 2015, economic, social, and total risks of China as a whole all reached a “high” risk level, ecological risk was at the level of “critical”, although administrative risk kept going down and was at a “low” risk level in recent years, thanks to the persistent nation-wide effort on cracking down on corruption. Spatially, total LF risk generally presented a declining gradient from east to west. Through analysing the tentative and plausible causes to above spatio-temporal variances, five policy suggestions were put forward: (1) reforming current cadre assessment and fiscal decentralisation systems; (2) transforming the residential housing supply structure; (3) establishing a comprehensive land ecological conservation system; (4) promoting a flexible leasehold mechanism in primary land market; and (5) restructuring the industrial layout to defuse differentiated LF risks across provinces. With empirical data and comprehensive risk evaluations, this study contributed to improve our knowledge on the spatio-temporal patterns of LF and its associated risks at provincial scale, helped to inform future urbanisation policy designs and ultimately to promote regional sustainability for China and beyond.     

荚果蕨生长环境调查和分析

通过对4处荚果蕨生长地点的土壤、伴生植物、郁闭度等环境和营养叶生长状况进行调查,并得出调查结果:荚果蕨生长环境基本是土质肥沃,有机质含量较高,土壤水分含量较高,透气好,伴生植物丰富,对光照强度有较大适应性,郁闭度30%长势最好。