江苏省电力消费与产业结构的实证分析--基于多元线形回归分析

文章对江苏2000—2010年产业结构演变中三次产业的电力消费情况进行多元线形回归分析,通过对偏回归系数的计算与分析,提出需要注重产业融合发展,强化产业承载能力等建议。     

关系在中国的文化内涵：管理学者的视角

关系及其作用被认为是在中国从事商业活动的一个基础性变量,也被认为是中国文化主导下的企业从事商业活动的一个重要特点。虽然国内外已经积累了不少研究关系的文献,但是关系与中国文化之间联系的线索还不清晰——我们并不确定二者是如何联系起来的。依照狭义的文化概念和中国文化的核心特质,本文试图以管理学者的视角探讨这一问题,从关系状态、关系行为、关系规范和关系导向等几个方面寻找“关系”在中国的文化内涵,为管理学者更深人地探讨关系的商业功能打一个基础。本文的主要结论如下：在文化构成的三个层次中,关系状态和关系行为是人际关系的现象文化,以个性化和多样化的方式展现着中国文化的丰富性;关系导向和关系规范则体现着中国文化对人际关系的基本假设和显性价值观,具有更深刻的文化内涵和更重要的文化基因,决定着中国人际关系的共性。     

新生代农民工的城市创业与国家政策

创业是劳动者对自身或他人拥有的资源进行优化整合,以独立自主的方式创造出更大经济或社会价值的过程。国家的相关政策会对创业过程产生重要影响。当前,国家对海外归国人员和大学生创业给予了众多政策优惠,但对新生代农民工群体创业却鲜有政策支持,不符合公共政策公平公正的价值理念。创业对新生代农民工的城市适应等方面发挥了巨大作用,但因为"流动的劳动力体制"及附着其上的其他政策的存在,造成了劳动力市场的户籍分层,新生代农民工创业过程也遭遇瓶颈。为此,在短时间内无法改变"流动的劳动力体制"的情况下,应对的办法是放松其他现有政策限制,为新生代农民工创业提供更好的政策平台。     

乡镇政府行政权与村民自治权关系论纲

我国农村基层社会存在乡镇政府行政权和村民自治权两种运行体系。受诸多因素的影响,在实践中乡镇政府行政权与村民自治权之间交错混淆,经常发生冲突,这严重制约了农村社会的健康发展与和谐社会的构建。因此,我们有必要厘清乡镇政府行政权与村民自治权之间的关系,明确它们之间的运行边界和互动关系,确保乡镇政府行政权与村民自治权的运行规范、有序、和谐。     

创建“大鹏国家级生态共生区”的探讨

珠江三角洲地区是中国改革开放以来经济发展最快的地区之一。伴随经济的发展,其资源存量和环境质量目前面临较大的生态安全风险。本研究以深圳大鹏地区为核心,聚焦深圳、香港、惠州在内的珠江三角洲东部区域生态系统,研究该区域社会、政治、经济、自然资源与环境的广义生态系统的演变,提出创建"大鹏国家级生态共生区"的建议,并分析了其现有基础条件,探讨了创建大鹏生态区需关注的重点领域。该建议以建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会为目标,通过建立一个社会、经济、自然资源可持续发展的广义生态系统的示范,探索经济与资源和生态环境系统和谐统一的发展模式。大鹏生态区的建立,对该地区加强城市环境危机管理和维护其生态系统稳定、安全将起到积极推动作用,并从生态角度提供城市区域发展的创新型模式。     

Consequences of competitive bidding in project-based production

This paper discusses the consequences competitive bidding have on lead time in project-based production, such as construction. Earlier studies argued that competitive bidding may significantly increase resource consumption and generate waste in the delivery process, which this paper supports. However, the relation between competitive bidding and lead time has been less discussed. Lead time reduction has long been considered a fundamental objective for overall business improvement. An objective of our study was to understand what contributes to long lead times. The reported findings are from a 4-year study on the delivery process of power distribution equipment, a type of engineered-to-order (ETO) product. The paper concludes by suggesting procurement practices that reduce lead times for ETO products.     

国家治理现代化框架下中国财政改革实践和理论建设的再认识

40年的改革进程中,财政作为国家治理的基础和重要支柱,不仅有效发挥了以"政"领"财",为实现国家改革战略提供根本保障的基础作用,而且积极履行因"财"施"政",根据改革需求优化财政结构,提升财政效率,对建立现代财政制度、实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化提供了重要的制度支撑。在总结40年财政改革实践的经验、逻辑和特征的基础上,对具有中国特色的财政本质、功能和规律进行深化认识和理论归纳,对于形成中国特色社会主义财政规律的基本认识,明确新时代我国财政发展面临的形势与任务,思考新时代中国特色社会主义财政理论建设的基本方向,都是非常重要的。本文通过对40年中国财政改革实践和理论建设的思考,对上述问题进行探索。     

The legacy of state socialism on attitudes toward immigration

Does the politico–economic system affect preferences for immigration? In this study, I show that individuals exposed to life under state socialism have formed and persistently hold different attitudes toward immigration. By exploiting the division and reunification of Germany, I estimate the influence of state socialism on attitudes toward immigration. Drawing on rich individual panel data, I find that East Germans who lived under state socialism, are 15 percent more likely to oppose immigration than West Germans who spent their entire life in a democratic, capitalist country. This difference in attitudes toward immigration is persistent over time and across space, and largest for cohorts born and raised under state socialism. This gap in attitudes can be traced back to a longer-term deterioration in trust. Evidence from members of a group that opposed the authoritarian system highlights the importance of state socialist ideology for attitude formation.     

Crony capitalism,the party-state,and the political boundaries of corruption

We build a model that puts together crony capitalism, the hierarchy of the Chinese communist party-state, and the decision-making process inside the Party Center. We show that inefficient economic institutions create local corruption that raises realized productivity, while generating rents that flow along the party-state hierarchy up to the provincial level, threatening the Center’s control in potential crises. Although both stronger crisis control and higher economic performance help the Center’s goal to stay in power, we show that given a general fat-tailed risk of crisis, the Center will maximize crisis control at the expense of the economy when choosing its tolerance of local corruption. Power structure and corruption within the Center and reciprocal accountability between central and provincial leaders are also analyzed. Our analysis suggests conditions under which China’s communist regime will or will not deal with the existential threat presented by corruption.     

Bank Competition and its Determinants: Evidence from Indian Banking

Abstract

This paper measures the degree of bank competition in India using a sample of 70 commercial banks over the period 1996–2016. To assess the degree of competition, we estimate the market power of each bank in our sample employing three nonstructural measures: the Lerner index, the adjusted Lerner index, and the Boone indicator. Bank-wise and year-wise estimates of the marginal cost required in all these measures are obtained using the semi-parametric method. The paper further attempts to undertake a comprehensive assessment of competition in Indian banking and identifies various bank-specific, macroeconomic, structural, and contestability indicators, which are supposed to explain level and variation of the degree of competition over time. Empirical findings reveal that public-sector banks in India exercise a relatively higher degree of bank competition compared to private and foreign-sector banks. However, aggregate results support that the Indian banking system is competitive in general. Unlike the structure-conduct-performance paradigm, which advocates that a concentrated banking system impairs competitiveness, our findings reveal that concentration measures hardly exert any effect on bank competition. Rather, contestability measures play a significant role in the determination of bank competition.