企业集群可持续发展能力研究

企业集群是许多地区经济发展的主要模式,在地方公共政策制定中,企业集群战略发挥着越来越重要的作用.然而,并不是所有的企业集群都是持续有效的,由于种种原因一些企业集群面临破裂瓦解的困境.如何识别和培育集群竞争优势,保持可持续发展是一个亟待解决的问题,也是一个值得研究的课题.本文从宏观、中观和微观三个角度对企业集群可持续发展影响因素进行分析,建立了企业集群可持续发展能力评价模型,通过实证分析,指出影响企业集群可持续发展的关键因素为集群的吸引力、影响力、辐射力、整合力、开放度和创新力,并对各影响因素进行了定量分析和评价.     

关于可持续发展模型的理论设计

可持续发展是人类社会在经济发展的同时 ,追求与自然界和谐共存的发展方式。该理论及其模型的发展价值观是自然、经济和社会三维系统高度整合的理论概括。在其总体理论模型的设计中 ,这三个系统被视为可持续发展的资本变量 ,由此出发又引出“物质资本、人力资本、生态资本”和“社会资本、技术资本、生态资本”两种组合形式的可持续增量模型。     

城市化健康发展的十个问题

在我国 ,搞好城市的建设和发展不仅是提高城市居民物质文化生活水平的需要 ,而且是顺利推动经济发展和城市化进程的引擎和有力保障。城市的建设与发展是一顶庞大的系统工程 ,我们必须统筹规划 ,通盘考虑系统各部分的相互联系 ,保证城市经济、社会、文化的协调发展     

Assessing the effectiveness of rural credit policy on the adoption of integrated crop-livestock systems in Brazil

This study analyzes the effectiveness of rural credit policy to increase the adoption of ICLS. Analyzes are based on a survey with 175 farmers in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Our estimates suggest that rural credit has positive and relevant impacts on the adoption of ICLS. In turn, the adoption of these systems may also involve investments in fixed capital and increases in operational costs, which create additional demand for rural credit. Other factors, such as access to extension policy, production scale, ex-ante perceptions, and market infrastructure also explain ICLS adoption. The access to rural credit policy is also determined by dependence on farm income, farmer’s perception of transaction costs, and supply of credit in the municipality. The study finally discusses important implications for the devising of rural credit policies and the diffusion of sustainable production systems in developing countries.     

动态及竞争环境下双元创新与企业可持续发展关系研究

企业如何通过创新活动实现可持续发展是学术界和企业界共同关注的重大理论与实践问题。基于创新管理理论、可持续发展理论和情景因素理论,以环境动态性和竞争性为调节变量,深入探讨双元创新及其协同性对企业可持续发展的影响。通过对252家高新技术企业多源问卷调查的实证研究表明：利用式创新、探索式创新与双元创新协同性对企业可持续发展均具有显著正向影响,但对企业可持续发展各维度的作用机制不同;动态与竞争环境下,探索式创新对企业可持续发展的影响更为显著;环境动态性和竞争性均正向调节探索式创新与企业可持续发展的关系;环境动态性负向调节双元创新协同性与企业可持续发展的关系。     

汶川地震后四川产业重建与可持续发展的若干问题

在汶川大地震后的产业重建过程中,四川面临重污染产业重建、资源依赖型产业重建、东部转移产业承接、地震带工业布局调整等若干重大问题.随着灾后重建时间的压缩,这些问题将变得日益突出.能否处理好这些问题,关系到四川经济发展的可持续性.本文对这些问题进行了探讨,并提出了相应的政策建议.     

Saluting while the ship sinks: the necessity for tourism paradigm change

The established mindset underpinning tourism planning, development and research is under attack from many quarters on the grounds that “business as usual” seems impossible to reconcile with sustainability. The paper first highlights key characteristics of the prevailing paradigm associated with tourism industry expansion globally. It then identifies common elements of an alternative “sustainable futures” paradigm, contrasting its features with those of the established paradigm in relation to seven fundamental elements: neo-liberalism, anthropocentrism, shareholder orientation, growth, price, space and promotion. Next, the paper identifies the implications of the alternative paradigm in terms of the underpinning mindset (attitudes and behaviours) of major tourism stakeholders. Pathways to facilitate the transition to the new sustainable futures’ paradigm are identified. The paper concludes with reflections on the power of the new paradigm, and its implications for a global sustainable tourism research and action agenda.     

More than just a job: exploring the meanings of tourism work among Indigenous Sámi tourist entrepreneurs

In northern Sweden, the positive effects of tourism involvement by Sámi Indigenous people are mostly shown in terms of employment, yet at times have been shown to go beyond economic ones and include other equally important benefits. Only when all components are seen at the same time can we get a true understanding of tourism as a livelihood strategy. This paper uses a sustainable rural livelihoods approach to investigate the different roles and meanings of tourism among Sámi tourist entrepreneurs in northern Sweden. It does so using data from 13 semi-structured interviews with Sámi Indigenous tourist entrepreneurs. The results indicate that there are many goals and objectives tourism jobs serve among Sámi Indigenous people in the Swedish north. For example, the tourism business is at times seen as a more sustainable way of using reindeer. Tourism was also a way for Sámi to express themselves and keep certain traditions alive. Another leading conclusion relates to tourist entrepreneurs as cultural ambassadors for Sámi issues. By presenting factual information about Sámi people, challenging stereotypes and by making others aware of the many hardships reindeer herders face, Sámi tourist entrepreneurs attribute to their work meanings that are social, cultural and even political.     

Successful action in the public sphere: the case of a sustainable tourism-led community protest against coal seam gas mining in Australia

As demand for resources grows, there is increased pressure on the places and communities in which sustainable tourism is situated. This research examined the experience of an academic and a sustainable tourism business operator who were engaged in a community protest against coal seam gas mining in Queensland, Australia. Our research used a co-constructed narrative method and a post-ecological democratic framework to understand the significance of the public-sphere action of the tourism business. Our findings reveal that sustainable tourism organisations can link with the local community to be effective in public-sphere protest because of their social relationships within communities. The tourism business engagement in the public sphere was characterised by an increase in the locus of control of the business in responding to environmental threats, reconceptualising “the environment” as a valued local place worth fighting for, and tactics that ensured the campaign was not subsumed and devalued within government administrative processes. We found that if the value basis for public-sphere action aligns with the business model, tourism businesses can engage in public-sphere action with no financial loss. Protest actions by sustainable tourism business operators can be part of a deeper sustainability movement through protest actions in the public sphere.     

探索产业生态化下的贵州经济可持续发展路径

贵州作为青山绿水的代名词已深入人心,但是贵州也是“两欠”地区,贵州经济要发展,同样也离不开产业的发展,为此构建以“低碳经济、循环经济”为特征的产业生态化,这既是保护青山绿水的需要,更是推进贵州经济可持续发展的需要。