我国洪水保险的制度设计探讨──美国洪水保险制度的借鉴与启示

洪水保险是一项重要的非工程防洪措施,是行之有效的洪灾风险管理手段。本文首先对美国的洪水保险运行特点进行了较为详细的阐述,并通过对中美两国洪水保险开展情况的比较分析,提出适合我国国情的洪水风险防范措施和保险制度框架的一些建设性意见。     

论新生代农民工与城市居民关系不和谐之消弭——以“两欠”贵州为典型个案

从＂两欠＂贵州发展的实际出发,旨在揭示城乡二元结构下新生代农民工与城市居民的关系形态,并着重探讨两者之间的不和谐、不协调乃至矛盾与冲突。从新生代农民工与城市居民之间的态度评价看,呈现出彼此＂肯定＂的倾向,但同时又存在着明显的＂对立情绪＂,进而造成双方的排斥性心理;从矛盾冲突看,表现为两者之间的不协调、不信任、相互排斥;从失调原因看,主要源于社会互动有限、利益冲突明显、政策歧视存在、＂二元心理＂突出。提出认真理顺工作思路,坚持科学决策;校正舆论导向,营造社会氛围;优化管理体系,提高服务水平;深化制度改革,消除政策排斥等方面的对策及建议。     

缩小广西城乡居民收入差距的实证研究和对策建议

文章通过剖析广西城乡居民收入差距现状,从收入构成视角分析城乡居民收入差距的成因,提出了缩小城乡居民收入差距的对策。     

城乡统筹一体化视野下成渝体育旅游资源整合开发研究

城乡统筹一体化为地方区域合作提供了保障,成渝地区一脉相承、旅游资源丰富、相得益彰,旅游特色显著,体育旅游要素日趋完善,充分发挥资源整合优势,建立资源共享,区域联动、线路互推、客源互送、信息互通、市场互融的区域体育旅游合作新机制,必将有力推动成渝体育旅游产业,实现区域旅游协调有序可持续发展。     

我国城市轨道交通发展TOD模式研究

我国已迈入城市轨道交通大发展时期,然而国内城市轨道交通几乎整个行业均存在不同程度亏损。本文针对我国城市轨道交通发展面临的突出问题,借鉴国际先进城市轨道交通TOD模式发展的成功经验,提出了促进我国城市轨道交通TOD模式发展的建议。     

城市规划中的政府行为

本文从经济学角度分析了政府在城市规划中的作用及政府规划权滥用现象的本质,提出了有效解决城市规划中政府与市场作用的可行路径:强化土地利用规划对城市土地利用的控制作用,建立和完善城市规划编制的公共参与机制,增强城市规划师的责任感。     

Can farmers extend their cultivation areas in urban agriculture? A contribution from agronomic analysis of market gardening systems around Mahajanga (Madagascar)

The rapid urbanization in developing countries implies an increasing pressure on urban agriculture for production. As most perishable food products come from this agriculture in close proximity to population concentrations, we analysed from an agronomic point of view how market-garden farmers can meet this increasing urban demand. This work took place in the case of Mahajanga, a secondary city with high increasing demographic rate on the Northwest coast of Madagascar. Based on preliminary surveys to characterize the farming systems (on a sample of 91 farms), 11 market-garden farmers chosen in the three main agricultural zones of the urban area were surveyed during two years. Surveys aimed at understanding their decision rules in crop choices, crop allocation to land and resource management, and to estimate their room for manoeuvre to increase their leafy vegetable areas under cultivation. The wholesalers and retailers who buy the farmers’ produce were also surveyed. A previous model of decision rules regarding crop location on farm territory was used to analyse the on-farm surveys and cartographic methods (GIS and on-farm manual representations) were used to quantify the land use. We highlight the following major points. (1) The leafy vegetable production in the surveyed farms already intensively uses land: farmers have complex decision rules largely depending on the water dynamics in the two main environments (lowlands and lakesides) where leafy vegetables are cultivated during the dry season. (2) The scarcity of farmers’ resources (labour money and water) leads to very little internal room for manoeuvre to increase the leafy vegetable production in the farms. (3) At territorial level however, some land reserve exist in one of the lowlands, but not on lakesides. The water availability for agriculture must be better informed through specialized hydrologic studies, as one of the main constraints nowadays to extend the agricultural area. An extrapolation to other cases of urban agriculture is then discussed as well as the role of agronomy to help urban planners to consider the place of agriculture in the urban development.     

完善我国城市房屋拆迁补偿范围的思考

城市房屋拆迁的补偿范围是拆迁活动的核心内容,补偿范围不全面,拆迁矛盾便不能得到根本解决.我国城市房屋拆迁补偿范围过于狭窄,土地使用权没有完全补偿.文章针对目前拆迁补偿范围存在的问题进行分析,提出了完善补偿范围的相应对策.     

围绕生态城市目标规划城市绿地系统

通过对普兰店市城市绿地系统规划建设案例的分析总结,探讨了当前县域城市绿地系统规划建设的发展方向,并从城市绿地系统布局、保护城市生态系统的生物多样性和原有环境、完善法规制度等方面提出了城市绿地系统规划的建议.     

检视都市永续发展指针的发展历程与内涵:从指针系统建构到政策评估

本文回顾国际上相关的都市永续发展指针系统,探讨指针系统架构与内涵之间的差异,进而说明永续台湾评量系统中"都市台湾"指针系统的重要特色,以及指针项目选定的理论基础.藉由永续台湾评量系统中22个范畴的型态辨识,本文分析了都市在台湾永续发展中所扮演的角色,确认都市生产与生活型态对于整体永续发展的重要性,也验证了生态系统观点中都市对于环境的依存与影响.考量都市发展决策过程需要永续性的评量机制,本文利用都市永续发展指针作为政策评估的重要变量,应用交互式计算机软件<感受性系统模型(Sensitivitv Model Tools)>以系统性观点进行都市发展政策永续性的评析.透过系统软件功能掌握变量结构的完整性以及系统变量之间的相互影响关系,并藉助于团体咨询与讨论的沟通方式建构半量化的(semi-quantitative)系统变量,配合概念化及模糊化的方式界定变量水准以及函数关系进行系统仿真工作.籍由系统仿真了解变量之间的互动关系,而政策评估案例分析显示台北市硬件建设政策较空间调整政策发挥较大的效果.永续指针与系统工具的结合整体而言提供了都市政策永续性评估的沟通与预测接口.