Decomposing Poverty Change: Deciphering Change in Total Population and Beyond

In the understanding of decomposing poverty change, the growth effect of mean income is replaced with the growth effect of total income and the impact of change in total population. These two, along with changes in inequality, form the three broader effects that can be computed in multiple ways depending upon the base period and the sequence of calculation. Changing the base does not alter the broader effects while specific attributions within each effect get interchanged. For a given base, there will be six possible sequences and we take an average of these to compute the three broad effects. Finally, poverty change on account of the three broad effects comprising growth of total income, change in inequality, and change in total population are shown as part of the within‐group effect while change in population shares, which is different from change in total population, is a between‐group effect. We provide empirical illustrations with data from India.     

The Distributional Incidence of Growth: A Social Welfare Approach

This paper provides a normative framework for the assessment of the distributional incidence of growth. By removing the anonymity axiom, such framework is able to evaluate the individual income changes over time and the reshuffling of individuals along the income distribution that are determined by the pattern of income growth. We adopt a rank dependent social welfare function expressed in terms of initial rank and individual income change and we obtain partial and complete dominance conditions over different growth paths. These dominance conditions account for the different components determining the overall impact of growth, that is the size of growth and its vertical and horizontal incidence. We then provide an empirical application for Italy: this analysis shows the distributional impact of the recent economic crisis suffered by the Italian populaltion.     

External constraints and endogenous growth: Why didn't some countries benefit from capital flows?

Empirical evidence on the growth benefits of capital inflows is mixed. The growth benefits accruing from capital inflows also appear to be larger for high savings countries. We explain this phenomenon using an OLG model of endogenous growth in open economies with borrowing constraints that can generate both positive and negative growth effects of capital inflows. The amount an economy can borrow is restricted by an endogenous enforcement constraint. In our setting, with physical capital and a pay-as-you-go pensions system, the steady state is unique. However, it can either be constrained or unconstrained. In a constrained economy, opening up to equity and FDI inflows can be bad for growth because it makes the domestic interest rate too low, which endogenously tightens borrowing constraints. Agents decrease savings and investment in productivity-enhancing activities resulting in lower growth. Results are reversed in an unconstrained economy. We also provide a quantitative analysis of these constraints and some policy implications.     

投资、产业结构与经济增长之间的动态关系研究

采用 VEC 模型,考量投资、产业结构与经济增长之间的动态关系,结果表明三者之间存在长期的动态均衡关系,国内投资和产业结构调整对中国经济增长有明显的影响,产业结构调整对经济增长带来了一定的负面影响,结果证实产业结构调整是引起经济增长和国内投资增长的原因,国内投资的增长也是引起产业结构调整的原因。     

中国城乡基本养老保险非均衡发展分析——基于2013年31省数据实证分析

从3个维度选取15个反映2013年城乡基本养老保险制度财务可持续和地区经济发展水平的指标,利用主成分分析法对2013年我国各省市城乡养老保险发展状况进行研究。结果表明,东部省份的地区 GDP 和城镇职工基本养老保险基金可持续性表现较好,西部省份在城乡居民养老保障水平和城乡居民社会养老保险财务可持续上表现良好。西部与中东部省份的差距在缩小,西部省份内部差距明显。研究发现,地区经济发展水平、地区人口结构老化和财政支持力度是影响制度财务可持续的直接原因,而地区发展失衡的根本原因在于统筹层次过低,因此,解决地区非均衡发展的牛鼻子在于打破利益藩篱,尽快提高统筹层次。     

Financing obstacles and growth: an analysis for euro area non-financial firms

This paper investigates the determinants of financing obstacles (FOs) and their impact on firm growth. For this purpose, we rely on both balance sheet data and survey data for a sample of non-financial firms in the euro area. The latter allows us to devise a direct measure of the firms’ probability of facing FOs. First, our results indicate that FOs are linked to characteristics such as the age of the firm, its size, its sales level or the sector in which it operates. Second, we find that, though based on few variables, our measure of FOs appears to be relevant in explaining firm growth in four out of the five countries considered; likewise, growth is found to be positively linked to cash flow.     

Real effects of financial market integration: does lower home bias lead to welfare benefits?

This paper proposes equity home bias as a proxy for financial integration in the ongoing empirical debate on the impact of financial integration on economic growth. In integrated markets, investors are expected to take full advantage of the potential for international diversification. The extent of equity home bias (i.e. overinvesting in domestic stocks and foregoing gains from international diversification) provides a relevant quantity-based measure of financial integration. Using different techniques to compute home bias, this paper investigates whether countries with lower home bias experience faster economic growth. Additionally, the analysis extends to the link between (decreasing) home bias and international risk sharing and income inequality. The results suggest that financial integration, proxied by the decreasing equity home bias, is positively associated with economic growth and international risk sharing. At the same time, it appears that higher financial integration pairs with higher income inequality.     

塔吉克斯坦经济增长的资源环境基础支撑能力评价

塔吉克斯坦作为中亚地区经济发展最为落后的国家,其经济社会发展与资源环境保障及利用之间的矛盾日益突出。科学评价塔吉克斯坦经济增长的资源环境基础支撑能力,能够为其经济社会发展战略的制定提供客观依据。为了避免一般资源环境单要素评价方法的不足,从自然资源供需视角出发对塔吉克斯坦经济增长的资源环境基础支撑能力进行综合评价,明确了资源环境系统的优劣势,从而为塔吉克斯坦经济可持续发展提供资源环境系统的有效保障。     

职业成长对员工建言行为的影响

基于员工利益视角,整合社会交换理论与关系人口学理论,并探索性地引入员工与主管前摄性人格匹配,可深入研究职业成长对员工建言行为的作用机理。运用多元线性回归分析多个组织的335份员工-主管配对样本数据,结果表明：职业成长对员工建言行为具有正向影响,员工对组织的责任感知在职业成长与建言行为间起到中介作用,员工-主管前摄性人格匹配不仅正向调节职业成长对建言行为的作用,而且正向调节责任感知对建言行为的作用。     

社会资本:解释经济增长的一种新思路

社会资本是指包括信任、共同的规范或习俗、组织三方面内容在内的生产性资源 ,它可以增强人与人之间的信任 ,减少机会主义行为 ,降低交易成本 ,促进经济增长。社会资本理论为解释经济增长提供了新的思路。