城市居民环境行为模型构建——基于北京城市居民的调研数据分析

随着城市化进程的加快,城市环境问题已经不容忽视。很多污染问题都是直接或间接由城市居民的行为造成的,也就是说,城市居民的环境行为会直接对环境状况的改善或恶化起作用,因此对城市居民环境行为研究具有重要意义。本文在借鉴以往对环境行为研究的基础上,结合中国城市居民的特征,构建了包括环境行为、环境意识、环境知识、外界因素、个性变量为结构变量并构造结构变量间关系的城市居民环境行为模型,然后通过在北京的五个小区发放并回收311份问卷数据的基础上,运用VPLS、SPSS等统计软件对数据进行观测变量分析、模型测评属性评价和模型检验等分析,完成了对模型的实证分析,最后在结果分析的基础上提出了分别从环境行为、环境意识、环境知识等几个维度来改进城市居民环境行为表现的建议。     

基于状态空间模型的我国物流业对经济增长的传导效应研究

建立状态空间模型来揭示物流业对经济增长传导效应,通过卡尔曼滤波算法估计时变参数,发现1978年以来我国物流业对经济增长的传导效应明显分为两个阶段,并在此基础上提出了物流产业转型期提高物流业对经济增长传导的正弹性效应、发展物流业的路径选择。     

Latin America after the global crisis: the role of export-led and tradable-led growth regimes

Is the ongoing economic slowdown in industrialized countries likely to impact Latin American growth negatively in the medium- to long-run? This paper considers various transmission channels that work through trade in goods and services, and finds econometric evidence suggesting that shrinking global imbalances may create problems for Latin America. Specifically, using panel data analysis, we find that the trade balance as a proportion of GDP is positively associated with Latin American economic growth over the period 1953–2009. We then develop a simple dynamic model to help explain our main finding through investment and saving behaviour.     

The role of the wage-productivity gap in economic activity

This paper argues that wages lagging behind productivity is a long-run structural phenomenon due to the interplay of wage dynamics and productivity growth. We call this interplay frictional growth, a term that can only be nullified in the utopian case of zero growth and/or no dynamics. In that vein, we challenge the prevailing view of the neutrality of the labour income share and investigate its impact on the evolution of employment. We thus estimate wage setting and labour demand equation systems – for France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the UK, and the US over the 1960–2008 period – and find that the labour share is negatively associated with employment even when the conventional assumption of a unitary long-run elasticity of wages with respect to productivity holds. Acknowledging the presence of the wage-productivity gap in both the short and long run, this work stands as the building block for assessing the effect of the falling labour share on economic activity. As recent work has shown that the widening wage gap is also an important factor prompting inequality, it can be argued that by supporting employment the falling labour share ‘sweetens’ the impact of rising income inequality, and, as such, deserves the attention of policy makers.     

Do customers respond to the disclosure of internal control weakness?

In this study, we investigate the effects of firms' internal control weakness (ICW) disclosures on their customers. We hypothesize that ICW disclosure adversely affects customers' perceptions of firms' ability and incentive to honor implicit commitments to customers, and as such, customers are less willing to buy from such firms. We thus expect a decline in firms' sales growth after ICW disclosure. We find a significant decline in sales growth subsequent to Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) Section 404 ICW disclosure after controlling for firms' past sales growth and other factors affecting sales performance and internal control. This result is robust to the consideration of selection bias in ICW disclosure. We also find that the decline is more pronounced for firms with company-level ICW disclosure, with industrial customers, in the durable goods industries, with high research and development (R&D) intensity, or without subsequent remediation of ICW. Taken together, these results are consistent with the argument that ICW concerns customers more when the implicit contracts between the firms and their customers are more intensive.     

长沙市城市低碳经济评价及实证研究

为了客观评价城市低碳经济发展水平,构建城市低碳经济的评价模型很有必要。根据影响城市低碳经济发展的主要因素构建了城市低碳经济评价指标体系,并以长沙市为例,运用因子分析法对长沙22年的低碳经济发展水平进行了实证研究。结果显示应大力发展低碳产业,推动产业结构的优化升级;加大低碳技术的支持力度;大力宣传低碳理念;加快碳汇建设,提高森林覆被率。     

城乡旅游互动发展优势及对策——以许昌为例

从城市旅游、乡村旅游和城乡旅游互动发展的概念入手,同时总结了许昌城乡旅游发展中的资源互补优势、交通互补、客源互补优势以及经济优势,从而提出许昌要实现城乡旅游互动发展必须树立先进的思想意识,开发特色旅游产品,完善基础设施、提高从业人员素质,以保证许昌城乡旅游互动的可持续发展。     

新型城镇化建设与基层金融服务初探

新型城镇化建设是党的十八大部署的建设中国特色社会主义的重大战略之一,也是扩大国内需求的战略重点,是促进城乡一体化发展的必然途径,是带动县域经济协调发展的重要举措。推进新型城镇化建设对金融服务工作提出了更新更高的要求,也为金融业发展开辟了广阔的空间。作为基层银行业金融机构要紧紧把握新型城镇化建设有利时机,充分发挥基层银行业金融机构在新型城镇化建设中不可替代的作用,积极主动志参与到新型城镇化建设中来,全面提升金融服务水平,稳步推进新型城镇化建设健康发展。     

我国环境规制现状及作用于经济增长的机制

资源耗竭和环境污染已经成为制约当前中国经济进一步增长的重要因素。如何正确处理经济发展、资源与环境的关系,走出一条兼顾发展经济和环境保护的可持续发展之路,成为社会关注的热点。文章利用2000到2012年的环境规制和经济增长的相关数据,使用回归分析和格兰杰因果关系检验,分析了我国环境规制作用于经济增长的机制。研究结果表明,我国环境规制并不是通过促进技术进步而是通过费用型环境规制促进产业结构调整和投资型环境规制拉动投资来促进经济增长。     

Trust or bust: Growth effects of knowledge,human and social capital revisited

Social capital consists of trust, collective values, and shared norms. It helps society to work efficiently and, hence, promotes knowledge accumulation and growth. This paper identifies the contribution of social capital to differences in total factor productivity among European subnational regions, but, unlike other studies, it focuses on the effects of interregional differences in social capital. To do so, the paper employs a spatial Durbin model of a social-capital extended Cobb-Douglas production function. Our results suggest that transfers of knowledge might be secondary to the presence of collectivism and human capital in knowledge-generating regions. Although knowledge can cross boundaries, an absence of skills and trust limits local growth capacity. Our estimations also suggest the presence of gravity effects emanating from social and human capital in which some regions lose against others nearby that have more abundant social and human capital.