Creating Opportunities for Women in the Renewable Energy Sector: Findings from India

This paper identifies opportunities and constraints that low-income women face in accessing livelihoods in the renewable-energy sector in India through qualitative and quantitative research conducted in collaboration with The Energy Resources Institute (TERI) and the Self Employed Women's Association (SEWA) in 2012–13. Whereas previous research has focused on women mostly as end users of solar and biomass technologies, this research attempts also to understand women's potential as entrepreneurs, facilitators, designers, and innovators. Findings reveal that although access to technology and employment in the energy sector is limited by inadequate purchasing power and low social status, there is tremendous potential to create livelihoods for women at all levels of the energy supply chain. Broader findings indicate that women can gain optimal traction from employment in the energy sector only if there are wider socially progressive policies in place, including state intervention to create a robust social welfare infrastructure and accessible, high-quality, public services.     

我国高速公路投资体制存在的问题与解决思路

越来越多的投资主体进入了高速公路投资建设领域，逐步形成了由政府全权负责到政府占主导地位再到市场占主导地位的高速公路投资体制。但在目前这种投资体制下，高速公路投资、建设、运营管理的各个环节均暴露出种种不适应经济发展的问题。本文从委托代理理论的视角，提出加大高速公路投资市场化，改革高速公路投资及建设管理体制，推动高速公路的发展。     

基于可持续发展的企业四维成本体系研究

文章从成本的角度探讨可持续发展对企业成本理念的要求,认为要适应可持续发展的要求,必须树立四维成本系统理念,即产品成本、资本成本、代理成本和环境成本.文章逐个分析了企业的四维成本,然后基于人本观提出了如何构建四维成本体系.     

无网上购物经验的消费者橱窗购物行为——基于交易成本视角的实证研究

本文基于交易成本经济学理论,应用结构方程模型,对我国无网上购物经验的消费者的橱窗购物行为进行研究。研究结果表明,在我国,无网上购物经验的消费者的橱窗购物行为受交易成本的影响很大。研究同时表明,交易成本与不确定性、资产专用性和信任度密切相关。如果消费者信任倾向低,在面对高不确定性和高资产专用性时,会感受到较高的交易成本。而当消费者面对高可靠性和详细的隐私政策时,则倾向于在网上购物中加大投入成本。     

The optimal portfolio for the two-pillar mandatory pension system: the case of Poland

In the recent decade, there has been observed across the Central and Eastern European states the regulatory trend towards the increase of the non-financial (first) pension pillar size at the expense of the financial (second) pillar. It tends to question the consequences of this shift for the future retirement benefits. Applying the portfolio approach we address this issue by running a series of simulations to find out how to allocate pension contributions between both pillars in an optimal way. Our study contributes to the existing literature as follows. First, we do not perform the assessment of the predetermined regulatory solutions, but we look for an optimal one. Moreover, we allow our optimal rule to be time-varying, if necessary, which would be a true novelty in this research area. Second, we do not base our estimates on historical trends; rather, we apply the long-term economy’s projection to account for the society’s ageing impact, which is a crucially important factor for the solvency of the pension system. Adapting some of the simulation assumptions to fit the Polish case, our results confirm that current regulations underestimate the role of the capital pillar and the optimal allocation between both pillars should be time-varying.     

建设鄱阳湖生态经济区的理论思考

文章根据江西省提出的建设＂鄱阳湖生态经济区＂的战略构想,结合鄱阳湖生态经济区的区位、资源、产业等优势,对所依托的可持续理论、系统工程理论、增长极理论、创新理论、产业群理论进行深入分析,以期凸显科学理论的指导作用,为推动鄱阳湖生态经济区的规划、建设提供有力的决策参考。     

香港联系汇率制度的现实启示及未来挑战

本文针对香港联系汇率制度的形成历史以及原因,总结出香港的联系汇率制度形成的偶然性申的必然性,分析香港联系汇率割度的优势和弊端,以及此项制度对于香港金融市场的重大意义。针对日新月异的国际资本市场,香港也面临着挑战,香港也必须与时俱进,加强和人民币之间的联系,进而形成合理的汇率机制。本文最后勾画了香港汇率制度未来的发展前景。     

资源约束不断加深下的可持续增长

该文借用一个资源约束不断加深的经济增长模型,重点分析资源开采成本、环境质量要求、污染税对经济增长的影响,发现在资源开采成本不断上升时,如果效用函数中环境质量要求足够大、折现率足够低、那么污染税能够促进增长;当资源开发效率较低时,污染税对经济增长率有正效应。中国的进口资源—粗加工—再出口模式同时承担了巨大的资源价格上涨压力和粗加工过程中的环境污染压力,在新的资源来源难以保证的情况下,尤其需要在立法和执法过程中提高环境质量要求,降低环境效用的折现率,以通过严格执行污染税实现经济的可持续增长。     

上市公司高管过度自信对现金股利政策的影响

抛弃经典财务理论中理性经理人的假设,将规范研究与实证研究相结合,以2006—2010年我国沪深两市A股上市公司作为研究样本,用管理者的相对薪酬、持股状况和实施并购次数构建综合指标来衡量公司高管的过度自信程度,从公司高管过度自信的视角重新审视上市公司的现金股利分配行为。研究结果表明:管理者过度自信的上市公司倾向于少发放现金股利来增强内部融资;上市公司的成长性越强,管理者的过度自信对现金股利分配决策的影响越显著。     

基于认识论的案例教学法——美国商学院的经验

案例教学是美国商学院重要的教学手段,以建构主义认识论为理论基础。本文以此认识论为基础,致力于探讨美国商学院案例教学中教师与学生的不同角色定位,倡导商学院教育应注重传授缄默知识,并具体分析了美国商学院案例教学对我国的借鉴意义。